HomeMy WebLinkAbout319 WEST ST_PHASE I ESA
Report Date: October 24, 2014
MAA Job #: 000R2615.00
PREPARED BY:
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc.
409 Rogers View Court
Raleigh, North Carolina
919.250.9918
919.250.9950 (fax)
www.MAAonline.com
PHASE I
ENVIRONMENTAL SITE
ASSESSMENT REPORT
0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
319 South West Street
Raleigh, North Carolina
PREPARED FOR (USER):
Sam Crutchfield
Grubb Ventures, LLC
3700 Glenwood Avenue, Suite 330
Raleigh, North Carolina 27612
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. PESA Report – 0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
Project Number: 000R2615.00 Raleigh, North Carolina
800.486.7568 – www.MAAonline.com
ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONAL STATEMENT
We declare that, to the best of our professional knowledge and belief, we meet the definition of
Environmental Professional (EP) as defined in § 312.10 of 40 CFR 312. The undersigned EPs
have the specific qualifications based on education, training, and experience to assess a property
of the nature, history, and setting of the subject property. We have developed and performed all
appropriate inquiries in conformance with the standards and practices set forth in 40 CFR Part
312.
Darin M. McClure, P.E.
Principal Engineer
In addition to the EPs noted above, this report was authored by the following Mid-Atlantic
professionals:
Signatures:
Wes Blaylock
Project Scientist
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. PESA Report – 0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
Project Number: 000R2615.00 Raleigh, North Carolina
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. PESA Report – 0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
Project Number: 000R2615.00 Raleigh, North Carolina
800.486.7568 – www.MAAonline.com
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. PESA Report – 0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
Project Number: 000R2615.00 Raleigh, North Carolina
800.486.7568 – www.MAAonline.com
Appendix 15.1 Topographic Site Map
Appendix 15.2 Site Feature Map
Appendix 15.3 Site Photographs
Appendix 15.4 Historical Research Documentation
Appendix 15.5 Regulatory Records Documentation
Appendix 15.6 Interview Documentation
Appendix 15.7 Special Contractual Conditions
Appendix 15.8 Qualifications of the Environmental Professional(s)
Appendix 15.9 Additional Environmental Record Sources
Appendix 15.10 Asbestos Containing Materials and Lead-Based Paint Survey Reports
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. 1 PESA Report – 0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
Project Number: 000R2615.00 Raleigh, North Carolina
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0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
319 South West Street
Raleigh, North Carolina
1.0 Executive Summary
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. (Mid-Atlantic) has performed a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment
(PESA) in conformance with the scope and limitations of the American Society for Testing and
Materials (ASTM) Practice E 1527-13 at the property located at 319 South West Street in Raleigh,
Wake County, North Carolina (the “subject site”). Site maps showing the location and layout of the
subject site are provided in Appendix 15.1 and Appendix 15.2.
The subject site consists of one 0.28 acre rectangular-shaped parcel of land recorded Parcel ID
No. 1703-57-0766 by the Wake County Tax Assessor’s Office. The parcel is zoned Industrial-2 by
the Wake County Planning Department. The subject site is located approximately 150 feet south
of the intersection of South West Street and West Martin Street in Raleigh, North Carolina in a
generally industrial setting. The subject site is occupied by an approximately 9,500 square-foot
warehouse. The middle section of the warehouse was constructed between 1909 and 1914 and
according to Wake County real estate data, the two remaining sections were constructed in 1920.
Residences existed on the subject site from at least 1888 prior to the construction of the warehouse.
Mid-Atlantic has performed this PESA in general conformance with the scope and limitations of
ASTM Practice E 1527-13 and 40 CFR Part 312. Any exceptions to, or deletions from, these
practices are described in Section 2.4 and Section 11.0 of this report. This assessment has
revealed no evidence of RECs in connection with the subject site except for the following:
• Historical uses of the subject site including a woodworking shop with glue and varnish
rooms and the storage of laundry and dry cleaning supplies; and
• The historical presence of an oil tank on the subject site.
The following known/potential RECs, historical RECs and/or de minimis conditions were identified
on the surrounding, off-site properties during the performance of this PESA:
• Historical uses of the adjacent properties included the storage of fertilizer and farm
machinery, paint manufacturing and storage, storage of laundry supplies, metal refinishing
and auto radiator repair; and
• Documented groundwater contamination on multiple nearby properties.
40 CFR Part 112 requires environmental professionals to consider the information collected during
performance of this PESA and render an opinion as to whether additional investigation is warranted
to detect contamination. Based on information currently available for the subject site, it is our opinion
that additional investigation is warranted.
Although not considered RECs, asbestos-containing material and lead-based paint were
identified at the subject site.
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2.0 Introduction
2.1 Purpose
The purpose of this PESA was to identify RECs that are indicative of an existing release, past
release, or material threat of a release at the subject site. This PESA was performed to satisfy one
of the requirements to qualify for the innocent landowner, bona fide prospective purchaser or
contiguous property owner defense to the Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), and as amended by the Small Business Liability Relief
and Brownfields Redevelopment Act: that is, the practices that constitute “all appropriate inquiries
into the previous ownership and uses of the property consistent with good commercial or customary
practice” as defined in 40 CFR 312. The PESA was conducted in substantial compliance with
ASTM Standard Practice E 1527-13 – Standard Practice for Environmental Site Assessments:
Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Process and 40 CFR Part 312, Innocent Landowners,
Standards for conducting All Appropriate Inquiries.
2.2 Scope of Services
This PESA was completed by gathering required information that was publicly available within
reasonable time and cost constraints and which could be practically reviewed. This report will be
considered valid until a period of one year following the date of our site reconnaissance. Our scope
of services included the following:
• Records Review – Obtaining and reviewing publicly available records (of both current
and historical significance) in order to help identify “recognized environmental conditions”
in connection with the subject site. Those specific records reviewed, including those
records which were sought and were not readily available or reasonably ascertainable,
are identified in the report.
• Site and Surrounding Properties Reconnaissance – Conducting a site and surrounding
property reconnaissance, the objective of which was to obtain information indicating the
likelihood of the existence of “recognized environmental conditions” in connection with the
subject site, as defined in ASTM E-1527-13 and Section 2.3.
• Interviews – Conducting interviews with persons associated with the subject site and with
appropriate local government officials in order to identify “recognized environmental
conditions” in connection with the subject site. The specific parties interviewed and the
nature and scope of the interviews are described in the report.
• Report – Summarizing the results of our investigation into this report and provide a
professional opinion regarding the potential for environmental impact at the site and a list
of Recognized Environmental Conditions (RECs).
2.3 Significant Assumptions and Definitions
Mid-Atlantic assumes that information provided by the User of the PESA report and those
interviewed in conjunction with the PESA is true and accurate to the best of their knowledge. No
other significant assumptions were used during the performance of this PESA.
The ASTM Standard Practice E1527-13 provides several definitions that are applicable to the
performance of this PESA:
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Data Gap – The absence or inability to obtain information required by the standard despite
good faith efforts by the environmental professional (EP) to gather such information. Data
gaps may result from incompleteness in any of the activities required by the standard,
including, but not limited to site reconnaissance (e.g. an inability to conduct the site visit),
interviews (e.g. an inability to interview the property owner, regulatory officials, etc.).
REC (recognized environmental condition) - "The presence or likely presence of any
hazardous substances or petroleum products in, on or at a property: 1) due to release to
the environment, 2) under conditions indicative of a release to the environment; or 3) under
conditions that pose a material threat of a future release to the environment.” For the
purposes of [the standard], “migrate’ and “migration” refer to the movement of hazardous
substances or petroleum products in any form including solid and liquid at the surface or
subsurface and vapor in the subsurface”. Note: a vapor encroachment condition (VEC) in
the subsurface is described in ASTM Guide E2600-10 Standard Guide for Vapor
Encroachment Screening on Property Involved in Real Estate Transactions. Per the
authorized contract, Mid-Atlantic was not requested to conduct a Vapor Encroachment
Screen in accordance with the E2600-10 guide.
CREC (controlled recognized environmental condition) – A recognized environmental
condition (REC) resulting from a past release of hazardous substances or petroleum
products that has been addressed to the satisfaction of the applicable regulatory authority
(e.g. as evidenced by the issuance of a no further action letter (NFA) or equivalent, or
meeting risk-based criteria established by regulatory authority), with hazardous
substances or petroleum products allowed to remain in place subject to the
implementation of required controls (for example property use restrictions, activity and use
limitations, institutional controls, or engineering controls). A condition identified as a CREC
does not imply that the EP has evaluated or confirmed the adequacy, implementation or
continued effectiveness of the required control that has been, or is intended to be,
implemented. If CREC(s) are identified during the PESA, they will be listed in the Findings
section of the report and as a REC in the Conclusions Section.
HREC (historic recognized environmental condition) – A past release of any hazardous
substances or petroleum products that has occurred in connection with the property and
has been addressed to the satisfaction of the applicable regulatory authority or meeting
unrestricted residential use criteria established by a regulatory authority, without
subjecting the property to any required controls (e.g. property use restrictions, activity and
use limitations, institutional controls, or engineering controls). Before calling the past
release a HREC, the EP must determine whether the past release is a REC at the time
the Phase I ESA is conducted (e.g. if there has been a change in the regulatory criteria).
If the EP considers the past release to be a REC at the time the PESA is conducted, the
condition shall be included in the conclusions section of the report as a REC.
De minimis condition – A condition that generally does not represent a threat to human
health or the environment and that generally would not be the subject of an enforcement
action if brought to the attention of appropriate governmental agencies. De minimis
conditions are not RECs nor CRECs.
Business environmental risk – A risk which can have a material environmental or
environmentally-driven impact on the business associated with the current or planned use
of a parcel of commercial real estate, not necessarily limited to those environmental issues
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required to be investigated in this practice”. Client imposed limitations and site condition
limitations, if encountered, are detailed in Section 6.1, Methodology and Limiting
Conditions.
User - The party seeking to use Standard Practice E1527 [the standard] to complete an
environmental site assessment of the property. A user may include, without limitation, a
potential purchaser of property, a potential tenant of property, an owner of property, a
lender, or a property manager. The user has specific obligations for completing a
successful application of the standard including: 1) completion and return of the User
Questionnaire, preferably prior to the EP visiting the site; 2) Review Title and Judicial
Records for Environmental Liens and Activity and Use Limitations (AULs); 3) communicate
to the EP prior to the site visit any specialized knowledge or experience pertinent to the
identification of RECs in connection with the property and/or actual knowledge of any
environmental liens or AULs encumbering the property; 4) communicate to the EP if a
significantly lower purchase price (with regard to fair market value) is being offered on the
property due to perceived or known environmental contamination (the purchase price
need not be disclosed); 5) inform the EP prior to the site visit about commonly known or
reasonably ascertainable information within the local community about the property that
could pertain to the identification of RECs, and, 6) the user must consider the degree of
obviousness of the presence or likely presence of releases or threatened releases at the
property and the ability to detect releases or threatened releases by appropriate
investigation. In regard to environmental liens and AULs (number “2” above), the standard
does not impose on the EP the responsibility to undertake a review of recorded land title
records and judicial records for environmental liens and AULs. It is the user’s responsibility
to either (1) engage a title company, real estate attorney, or title professional to undertake
a review of reasonably ascertainable recorded land title records and lien records for
environmental liens and AULs currently recorded against or relating to the property, or (2)
negotiate such an engagement of a title company, real estate attorney, or title professional
as an addition to the scope of work of the EP.
2.4 Limitations and Exceptions
As contracted, the scope of work of this PESA did not include a detailed review of agency files on
specific, environmentally-related incidents (unless mentioned in the report) which may have
occurred near the subject site. It also did not include other issues that may be addressed,
depending on site-specific circumstances, during commercial real estate transactions. These
include, but are not limited to, asbestos, lead-based paint, radon, lead in drinking water, wetlands,
cultural or natural resources, industrial hygiene, health and safety, ecological resources,
endangered species, indoor air quality, biological agents, mold, radiological compounds, etc.
Our professional services have been performed using the degree of care and skill ordinarily
exercised, under similar conditions, by reputable environmental consultants practicing in this or
similar localities. No other warranty, expressed or implied, is made as to the professional
information included in this report. Although this study has been a reasonably-thorough attempt
to identify conditions that are indicative of releases and threatened releases of hazardous
substances, as well as pollutants, contaminants, petroleum and petroleum products and
controlled substances on and/or off-site, there is always the possibility that potential sources of
contamination have escaped detection due to the limitations of this study, the availability of
historical records, the inaccuracy of governmental records and/or the presence of undetected and
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unreported environmental accidents. It should be noted that no environmental site assessment
can completely eliminate uncertainty regarding the potential for recognized environmental
conditions in connection with a site. Mid-Atlantic reserves the right to alter our findings based on
our review of any information obtained and reviewed after the date of this report.
Observations, conclusions and/or recommendations pertaining to environmental conditions at the
subject site are necessarily limited to conditions observed, and or materials reviewed at the time
this study was undertaken. It was not the purpose of this study to determine the actual presence,
degree or extent of contamination, if any, at this site. This could require additional exploratory
work, including sampling and laboratory analysis. In addition, the findings of this PESA are not
intended to serve as an audit for health and safety compliance issues pertaining to improvements
or activities at the site. Mid-Atlantic is not liable for the discovery or elimination of hazards that
may potentially cause damage, accidents or injury. No warranty, expressed or implied, is made
with regard to the conclusions and/or recommendations presented within this report.
2.5 Special Terms and Conditions
This PESA was conducted in accordance with the terms and conditions of Mid-Atlantic’s contract
with the client. It is the responsibility of the User (typically the client) to provide known site
information, environmental lien and AULs, if there is a lower purchase price than the Fair Market
Value due to known or perceived contamination, and the other information noted in Section 2.3
under the “User” sub-section.
2.6 User Reliance
The User may rely on the contents of this PESA subject to the limitations placed on the scope,
nature and type of Mid-Atlantic’s services as stated in the PESA and subject to those Terms and
Conditions as stated in Mid-Atlantic’s contract with the client. The User and any additional parties
specifically granted reliance, are the only parties to whom Mid-Atlantic grants the right to rely upon
the PESA. No other third party may rely on the PESA unless the express written consent of Mid-
Atlantic is first obtained. Any such reliance will be granted in accordance with the terms of the
original contract between Mid-Atlantic Associates and the client.
This report is assumed “valid” under the standard (ASTM E1527-13) if it was completed less than
180 days prior to the date of property acquisition or the date intended for a property transaction
(if the property is not being acquired). If a party other than whom the report was prepared, wishes
to use the report during the 180 day period, the new user(s) must satisfy the user responsibilities
noted in Section 2.3 under the “User” sub-section.
The standard states that a PESA completed on a property within 12 months of property acquisition
or the date intended for a property transaction (if the property is not being acquired), may be used
provided that the following PESA components are completed or updated within 180 days of the
acquisition date or date intended for a property transaction: (i) interviews with owners, operators
and occupants; (ii) a search for recorded environmental cleanup liens; (iii) review of federal, tribal,
state and local government records (i.e. an environmental database search); (iv) visual inspection
of the property and adjacent properties; and, (v) the declaration by the EP responsible for the
assessment or update.
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For using PESA reports greater than 12 months old prior to the intended acquisition or transaction
date, the standard outlines procedures that users should follow in Section 4.7 and 4.8 of ASTM
E1527-13.
3.0 Site Description
3.1 Site Location and Legal Description
The subject site consists of one 0.28 acre rectangular-shaped parcel of land recorded Parcel ID
No. 1703-57-0766 by the Wake County Tax Assessor’s Office. The parcel is zoned Industrial-2 by
the Wake County Planning Department.
3.2 Site and Vicinity General Characteristics
The subject site is located approximately 150 feet south of the intersection of South West Street
and West Martin Street in Raleigh, North Carolina in a generally industrial setting. Vehicular
access is provided to the subject site from the west by South West Street.
3.3 Current Use of the Property
At the time of site inspection, the subject site was being used for storage and a personal workshop
by its owner, Otho Cozart.
3.4 Description of Structures, Roads, Utilities & Other Site Improvements
The subject site is occupied by an approximately 9,500 square-foot warehouse. The middle section
of the warehouse was constructed between 1909 and 1914 and, according to Wake County real
estate data, the two remaining sections were constructed in 1920. The subject site and its
surrounding properties are provided with water and sewer services by the City of Raleigh Utilities
Department, electricity by Duke Energy Progress and natural gas by PSNC.
3.5 Current Use of the Adjoining Properties
The subject site is bounded to the north by the Contemporary Art Museum (CAM), to the south,
east and west, across South West Street, by paved parking areas and multiple commercial
business entities.
4.0 User Provided Information
Pursuant to ASTM E 1527-13, Mid-Atlantic requested the following site information from several
parties. The contact for this project was Mr. Sam Crutchfield, Director with Grubb Ventures, LLC.
Mr. Crutchfield provided Mid-Atlantic with the completed User Questionnaire for the subject site.
A copy of the User Questionnaire is included in Appendix 15.6 and User-provided information is
summarized in the following sections.
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4.1 Title Records
No title records were provided to Mid-Atlantic by the User. Refer to Section 5.4.5 for a discussion
of deed research performed by Mid-Atlantic personnel.
4.2 Environmental Liens or Activity and Use Limitations
The User had no knowledge of environmental liens or activity and use limitations (AULs)
associated with the subject site.
4.3 Specialized Knowledge
The Users did not indicate on the User Questionnaire that they had specialized knowledge about
the subject site.
4.4 Commonly Known or Reasonably Ascertainable Information
The User was not aware of commonly known or reasonably ascertainable information that would
help identify conditions indicative of releases or threatened releases.
4.5 Valuation Reduction for Environmental Issues
According to the User, the purchase price for the subject site reasonably reflects fair market value.
4.6 Owner, Property Manager, and Occupant Information
The Wake County Tax Office has the current owner of the subject site listed as Otho C. and Julia V.
Cozart. The point-of-contact for the subject site was Mr. Otho Cozart, part owner of the subject site.
Refer to Section 5.4.5 for more detailed owner information.
4.7 Reason for Performing Phase I ESA
Mid-Atlantic understands that the findings of this PESA will be used to evaluate the subject site with
respect to a property transaction. The purpose of a PESA is to identify existing or potential RECs (as
defined by ASTM Standard E-1527-13) in connection with the subject site. This PESA was also
performed to permit a User to satisfy one of the requirements to qualify for the innocent landowner,
contiguous property owner, or bonafide prospective purchaser limitations within the scope of
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) (42 U.S.C
9601) liability.
5.0 Records Review
5.1 Environmental Regulatory Records
Mid-Atlantic contracted EDR to conduct a regulatory database search in accordance with ASTM
E 1527-13 standards. The purpose of the search is to identify certain properties and facilities in
the vicinity of the subject site (including the subject site, as applicable) which are regulated by the
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), North Carolina Department of Environment and
Natural Resources (DENR) and other state and local environmental regulatory agencies. Detailed
information pertaining to each database researched is presented in the EDR report, a copy of
which is attached as Appendix 15.5.
The subject site was not identified in Mid-Atlantic’s review of regulatory records. Mid-Atlantic
identified the following potential off-site concerns associated with the adjacent and surrounding
properties:
• 409 West Martin Street (Contemporary Art Foundation), located adjacent to the north of
the subject site was identified in the Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST) list.
According to information in this list, a gasoline release was discovered during the removal
of a 1,000 gallon tank on May 28, 2010 (Incident No. 33856) and soil was impacted. The
incident phase was not reported for this release;
• 302 South West Street (Patterson Holdings, LLC Property), located approximately 100
feet to the northwest of the subject site, across South West Street, was identified in the
LUST list. According to information in this list, a gasoline release was discovered on
October 12, 2009 (Incident No. 33738) during the removal of a 550 gallon tank and soil
was impacted. The incident was closed out in the LUST list on August 12, 2010;
• 206, 216, 224 and 230 South West Street (Raleigh TTA Dillon Parcel B), located
approximately 200 feet to the northwest of the subject site, across South West Street, The
environmental record is included in the SHWS list and has been assigned Facility ID No.
NONCD0001126 by DENR. Other information is not included in the EDR report; however,
Mid-Atlantic reviewed available records from the DENR regulatory file (Section 5.2);
• 216 South West Street (Dillon Supply Company), located approximately 350 feet to the
northwest of the subject site, across South West Street, was identified in the Incident
Management Database (IMD), Underground Storage Tank (UST), Leaking Underground
Storage Tank Trust (LUST TRUST) and LUST lists. One 6,000 gallon gasoline/gasoline
mix tank and one 1,000 gallon diesel tank were installed on the site on September 27,
1964. Releases of gasoline and diesel fuel were discovered on June 27, 1991 (Incident
No. 6724) and soil was impacted. Both tanks were removed on August 5, 1991. The
incident is in the “Response” phase in the IMD and LUST lists; and
• 200 South West Street1 (Raleigh TTA - Wilson Parcel), located approximately 600 feet to
the northwest of the subject site, across South West Street, was identified in the State
Hazardous Waste Site (SHWS) list. The Wilson Parcel listing was assigned Facility ID No.
NONCD0001124 by DENR. Other information is not included in the EDR report; however,
Mid-Atlantic reviewed available records from the DENR regulatory file (Section 5.2).
The documented release at 302 South West Street (Patterson Holdings, LLC Property) is
considered a controlled REC (CREC) based on its “closed out” status. Three listed sites
(Contemporary Art Foundation, Raleigh TTA Dillon Parcel B and Raleigh TTA Wilson Parcel) are
considered RECs based on known information about contamination identified at the sites and the
documented groundwater flow direction from the sites towards the subject property (Section 5.2).
1 The EDR report does not list street numbers associated with the Raleigh TTA Dillon Supply or Wilson
Parcel listings, however information from the DENR regulatory files contain the street addresses shown
(Section 5.2)
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Several additional off-site properties within one mile of the subject site are not anticipated to
present an environmental threat to the subject site based on such factors as distance from the
subject site, field verified location, current regulatory status and estimated groundwater flow
direction. In addition, the sites listed in the EDR report’s Orphan Summary were not identified
within one mile of the subject site and/or are not anticipated to pose an environmental threat to
the subject site.
5.2 Additional Environmental Record Sources
Based on the regulatory listings search completed by EDR (Section 5.1), three properties are
listed on the SHWS list maintained by DENR. Therefore, Mid-Atlantic contacted the Division of
Waste Management (DWM) of the North Carolina DENR to review regulatory files associated with
the SHWS listings for the adjacent/nearby parcels (Raleigh TTA Wilson Parcel, Raleigh TTA –
Dillon Parcel B and Contemporary Art Museum (CAM)). The Raleigh TTA parcels and CAM parcel
are listed on the North Carolina database of hazardous substance disposal sites (HSDS2) and
are managed by the Inactive Hazardous Sites Branch (IHSB). Copies of pertinent documents
from the file review are included in Appendix 15.9.
The Raleigh CAM site is located topographically upgradient with respect to the subject site. Based
upon the local topography and the groundwater flow direction identified by URS, we infer that the
CAM is also located hydraulically upgradient. Based on a Notification of an Inactive Hazardous
Substance or Waste Disposal Site completed by ECS Carolinas Inc. (ECS) for CAM on January
26, 2009, the museum site formerly was used for an industrial use (plating and polishing) from
1983 to 1989. Before then, the museum site was used for retail sales of produce and furniture.
From 1992 to 1996, the facility was used for selling paint. Elevated concentrations of metals and
organic compounds were discovered in groundwater samples. The organic compounds detected
in soil and groundwater were from an unknown source. The form notes that petroleum
contaminants in soil and groundwater may also be from a former heating oil UST operated at the
site. More details regarding contaminants detected at the CAM site are included in a Limited
Groundwater and Vapor Intrusion Assessment report, prepared by ECS and dated January 18,
2009.
The CAM site is subject to a Brownfield Agreement (BFA) which imposes land use restrictions on
the site. Based on our review of the BFA for the site, multiple chemical constituents were detected
in soil, groundwater and sub-slab vapor samples in concentrations exceeding their respective
standards and/or screening levels. As long as the provisions and LURs contained in the BFA are
adhered to, the releases at this site have been addressed to the satisfaction of the regulatory
agency (DENR). As such, the documented groundwater contamination at the adjacent CAM site
is considered a controlled REC.
In July 2005, the TTA submitted Notification of an Inactive Hazardous Substance or Waste
Disposal Site forms to the IHSB based upon the findings in a Phase II environmental site
assessment report completed by URS Corporation – North Carolina and dated May 13, 2004.
URS completed the assessment work for the TTA in reference to the downtown Raleigh Union
Station transportation project. The TTA named the impacted parcels based on the names of the
previous property owners including Preston Daniel Wilson, Jr. and the Dillon Supply Company.
The parcels are located topographically upgradient of the subject site.
2 The HSDS sites are lumped into a nationwide category termed “SHWS” by EDR.
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In June 14, 2005, Mr. Harry Zinn of the IHSB prepared a summary letter describing the
contamination found by URS at the various sites based upon DENR’s review of the report. The
Wilson Parcel is located in the southwest quadrant of the intersection of South West Street and
West Hargett Street and contains a multi-story building. No soil contamination was documented,
however one groundwater sample (monitoring well MW-C-03) exhibited petroleum and
chlorinated solvent compounds (benzene, 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA), tetrachloroethene
(PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE)) at concentrations above State standards. Mr. Zinn indicated in
the letter that the benzene and 1,2-DCA constituents in groundwater appeared to be continuation
of a plume originating at a gasoline station located at the intersection of South West Street and
West Morgan Street, approximately 650 feet northwest of the subject site. He recommended
further investigation activities with regard to the PCE and TCE constituents, and more historical
information regarding past activities on the parcel, before conclusions could be made as to
whether the chlorinated solvents originated on the Wilson parcel and where source areas were
present. The Dillon B site consists of the land area at 206, 216, 224 and 230 South West Street,
approximately 200 feet to the northwest of the subject site. Mr. Zinn noted that little sampling
information was available; however, sampling that was done documented two areas of soil
contamination with petroleum products in the vicinity of a UST. He indicated that two monitoring
wells installed on the Dillon B site (MW-H-01 and MW-H-04) document the continuation of the
benzene, 1,2-DCA, PCE and TCE plumes that were discovered on the north adjacent Wilson
parcel [note that the URS report does not show that contaminants were detected in well MW-H-
04, which is located closer to the subject property].
The groundwater flow direction identified by URS near the wells installed along South West Street
is generally to the south. However, monitoring wells were not installed in the right of way of South
West Street or at locations further south; therefore, the groundwater flow direction above the
subject site may be more southeasterly. If a southeasterly groundwater flow direction is identified,
the subject site would be hydraulically downgradient of the Wilson Parcel and Dillon Parcel B.
The proximity and risk of potential groundwater contamination from these two HSDS sites are
therefore considered RECs.
5.3 Physical Setting Sources
The geologic and hydrogeologic settings of a site are considered of interest since they may
provide information related to the direction and physical mechanisms of contaminant migration, if
present, from on-site and off-site sources.
5.3.1 Geologic Setting
According to the map titled Geology of North Carolina (1985), prepared by the North Carolina
Geological Survey Section of the North Carolina Department of Natural Resources and Community
Development, the subject site is located in the Metamorphic Rocks of the Raleigh Belt. The subject
property appears to be underlain primarily by “biotite gneiss and schist intruded by numerous sills
and dikes of granite, pegmatite, and aplite.”
5.3.2 Topography and Surface Drainage
According to the USGS Topographic Quadrangle Map of Raleigh West, North Carolina
(Appendix 15.1), maximum site elevations occur in the northwestern corner of the subject site,
while the minimum elevations occur on the south-central portion of the subject site. In the absence
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. 11 PESA Report – 0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
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of any other obvious significant structural or geomorphic drainage features, surface drainage is
suspected to be influenced primarily by the surrounding surface topography.
5.3.3 Groundwater
Groundwater levels and flow directions are typically site specific. Site-specific groundwater flow
can be influenced by impermeable surfaces, the proximity of nearby drainage features, sinkholes,
creeks, swamps, and pumped groundwater wells. Fractures, joints, bedding planes and other
discontinuities in the underlying rock can affect the groundwater conditions. Based upon the
groundwater flow direction determined by ECS Carolinas, LLP (ECS) for the northern adjacent
CAM site3, groundwater flow below the subject site should flow from the north to the
south/southwest.
5.4 Historical Use Information on the Subject Site
Mid-Atlantic reviewed historical aerial photographs, Sanborn® Maps, topographic maps, city
directories, and tax/deed records to evaluate past uses of the subject site. Historical aerial
photographs were obtained from EDR and the Wake County Geographic Information Services
(GIS) department. Copies of documents corresponding to the historical sources are attached as
Appendix 15.4.
5.4.1 Aerial Photographs
Historical aerial photographs from 1938, 1959, 1965, 1968, 1971, 1981, 1993, 1998, 2000, 2002,
2005, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012 and 2013 show the present-day warehouse structure on the
subject site. Environmentally significant features were not identified at the subject site during Mid-
Atlantic’s review of aerial photographs.
5.4.2 Topographic Maps
The historical topographic maps provided by EDR show the subject site within “urban land” areas
with no individual structures mapped. However, a railroad spur was shown crossing the eastern
portion of the subject site. Topographic maps were provided by EDR for the years 1943, 1951,
1968, 1973, 1980, 1981, 1987, 1988, 1993 and 2002. Environmentally suspect features were not
identified on the subject site during Mid-Atlantic’s review of historical topographic maps.
5.4.3 Sanborn® Maps
Mid-Atlantic’s review of Historical Sanborn® fire insurance maps revealed the following
information concerning the subject site:
• 1888, 1896, 1903, 1909 – Dwellings
• 1914 – Seed house, oil tank straddling the north-central property boundary, railroad spur
on eastern portion of site
• 1950 – Woodworking shop with glue and varnish rooms, laundry and dry cleaning
supplies, railroad spur on eastern portion of site
• 1972 – Refrigeration equipment warehouse, railroad spur on eastern portion of site
3 Approximate Groundwater Flow Direction Map (Figure 6), Limited Groundwater and Vapor Intrusion
Assessment report, ECS Carolinas, Inc., Raleigh, North Carolina, January 18, 2009.
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The presence of an oil tank (1914), laundry and dry cleaning supplies (1950) and operation of a
woodworking shop with glue and varnish rooms may have potentially impacted the subject site.
5.4.4 City Directories
City directories were reviewed by EDR. Our review of the EDR data and additional historical city
directories revealed the following information concerning the subject site:
• 1931, 1936, 1941 – Southern School Supply Company
• 1947 – Southern School Supply Company, Stones School Supply
• 1952 – Laundry Supplies
• 1962, 1967 – Hanover Distributing Company of Raleigh
• 1982 – Antique Warehouse Builders of Fine Garden Furniture
• 1988 – Bream Design
• 1992 – Storage warehouse
• 1997 – Not verified
• 2003 – No current listing
The storage of laundry supplies at the subject site (1952) is considered environmentally suspect
based on the potential impacts associated with the improper storage, handling and disposal of
hazardous substances associated with historical laundry and dry cleaning practices.
5.4.5 Tax and Deed Information
Property record information obtained from the Wake County Tax Administrator’s Office identifies
the current owner of Parcel ID Number 1703-57-0766 as follows:
Otho C. & Julia V. Cozart
320 South Harrington Street
Raleigh, North Carolina 27603-1818
Mid-Atlantic reviewed deed information for Parcel ID Number 1703-57-0766 obtained from the
Wake County Register of Deeds. Deed information is summarized in the following table:
Book/Page Grantor Grantee Date
06378/0581
Otho C. Cozart, William F.
McLawhorn, Louise Bruce
Dunn
Otho C. & Julia V. Cozart 12/16/1994
04262/0160
Louise Bruce Dunn, Mary
Louise Dunn Hobby, Louise
Woodward
Otho C. Cozart, William F.
McLawhorn, Louise Bruce
Dunn
05/17/1988
03303/0259 Charles J. Parker
Louise Bruce Dunn, Mary
Louise Dunn Hobby, Louise
Woodward
06/19/1984
00937/0640 J.W. Bunn & Wife Charles J. Parker 11/09/1945
None of the deed references are considered environmentally significant with respect to the subject
site. No other land titles or deeds were referenced for the subject site. A copy of the current
property deed is included in Appendix 15.4.
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5.4.6 Data Failure
Data failure occurs when reasonably ascertainable, standard historical sources have been
reviewed and the objectives (use of the subject site back to its first developed use or 1940,
whichever is earlier) have not been met. Mid-Atlantic traced the subject site’s land use back to
1888 based on review of historical Sanborn® fire insurance maps. In 1888, two dwellings are
shown on the subject site. As such, this constitutes data failure. In our opinion, this data failure
does not constitute a data gap as it did not impact our ability to identify RECs at the subject site.
5.5 Historical Use Information on Adjoining Properties
Mid-Atlantic reviewed historical aerial photographs, Sanborn Maps, topographic maps, and city
directories to evaluate past uses of adjoining properties. Copies of documents corresponding to
the historical sources are attached as Appendix 15.4.
5.5.1 Aerial Photographs
Historical aerial photographs from 1938, 1959, 1965, 1968, 1971 and 1981 show the subject site
bounded to the north, south, west, across South West Street, and east by commercial/industrial
structures. Historical aerials from 1993, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012
and 2013 show the southern adjacent property as a parking lot. Environmentally significant
features were not identified on adjoining properties during Mid-Atlantics review of aerial
photographs.
5.5.2 Topographic Maps
Historical topographic maps of Raleigh from 1943, 1951 and 1980 and of Raleigh West from 1968,
1973, 1981, 1987, 1988, 1993 and 2002 show the subject site bounded to the north, south, west
and east by urban land with no discernable features. Environmentally suspect features were not
identified on adjoining properties during Mid-Atlantic’s review of historical topographic maps.
5.5.3 Sanborn® Maps
Mid-Atlantic’s review of historical Sanborn® fire insurance maps revealed the following information
concerning the adjoining properties:
Properties adjacent to the north
• 1888, 1896 – Dwellings
• 1903, 1909 – Dwellings and Grocer
• 1914 – Dwellings, storage, office. Oil tank further south with piping extending to West
Martin Street
• 1950 – Plumbing supplies, wholesale produce, wholesale electric appliances
• 1972 – Parking with gasoline tank, wholesale produce, wholesale industrial supplies
Properties adjacent to the south
• 1888 – Seed storage, barrel room & cooperage with four oil tanks further south, press and
lint rooms
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• 1896 – American Cotton Oil Company, seed shed, seed house and storage with six oil
tanks further south, press and linters rooms, railroad spur
• 1903 – North Carolina Cotton Oil Company, seed shed, seed house and storage with six
oil tanks further south, press and linters rooms, railroad spur
• 1909 – North Carolina Cotton Oil Company, seed shed, seed house and storage with
seven oil tanks further south, press and linters rooms, railroad spur
• 1914 – Union Seed & Fertilizer, seed shed, seed house and storage with one oil tank
further south, press and linters rooms, railroad spur
• 1950 – Barker & Brown sheet metal works, seed warehouse and cleaning, farm machinery
warehouse, paper warehouse and tin shop, railroad spur, store
• 1972 – Barker & Brown sheet metal works, heating and air conditioning supplies, auto
radiator repair, railroad spur, store
Properties adjacent to the southwest
• 1888, 1896, 1903, 1909 – Seed shed
• 1914 – Warehouse
• 1950 – Farm machinery warehouse
• 1972 – Heating and air conditioning supplies
Properties adjacent to the west
• 1888 – Jones & Powell Kindling Wood Factory, feed mill, saw mill
• 1896 – Jones & Powell Wood Yard and Feed Mill, wood sawing
• 1903, 1909 – Jones & Powell Wood Yard, Feed Mill and Hay and Grain Warehouse, wood
sawing
• 1914 – Wood sawing and splitting
• 1950 – Wholesale magazines
• 1972 – Paint manufacturing and storage
Properties adjacent to the east
• 1888, 1896, 1903, 1909 – Dwellings, seed shed
• 1914 – Warehouse for seed, meal, etc.
• 1950 – Wholesale food, wholesale electric appliances
• 1972 – Wholesale industrial supplies
Environmentally suspect features were identified on properties adjacent to the north, south,
southwest and west during Mid-Atlantic’s review of historical Sanborn® fire insurance maps.
These environmentally suspect features, along with documented releases noted in Sections 5.1
and 5.2, may have negatively impacted groundwater quality beneath the subject site and are thus
considered RECs.
5.5.4 City Directories
City directories were reviewed by EDR. Our review of the EDR data and additional historical city
directories revealed the following information concerning the adjoining properties:
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409 West Martin Street – Adjacent to the north
• 1931, 1936, 1941, 1947, 1952 – Brogden Produce Company
• 1957 – Brogden Produce Company, Am Cyanamid Company, stenographer
• 1962, 1967 – Brogden Produce Company
• 1972, 1977 – Interior Distributors
• 1982 – Vacant
• 1988 – Hunter Services, Inc. metal refinishing
• 1992 – Vacant
• 1997 – Not verified
• 2003 – No current listing
• 2008, 2013 – Contemporary Art Museum
323 South West Street – Adjacent to the southwest, across South West Street
• 1931 – Southern School Supply Company
• 1936 – Southern School Supply Company, F.H. Ross & Company laundry supplies,
Oldham & Worth, Inc., Parker & Brown
• 1947 – Southern School Supply Company, F.H. Ross & Company laundry supplies
• 1957 – Vacant
• 2003 – Residential
333 South West Street – Adjacent to the south
• 1962 – Marshall Construction Company, Plastics & Fiberglass Products Company
• 1967, 1872 – Costin Distributing Company wholesale heating equipment
• 1977 – Costin Distributing Company wholesale heating equipment, auto parts
• 2003 – Residential
406 West Davie Street – Adjacent to the south
• 1926, 1931, 1936 – Baker & Rawls Roofing Company
• 1941 – Baker & Rawls Roofing Company, S. Horace Williams food, broker
• 1947, 1952, 1957, 1962 – Baker & Brown Roofing Company, Inc.
• 1977, 1988 – Vacant
• 1992 – Action Design
• 1997 – Not verified
310 South West Street – Adjacent to the west, across South West Street
• 1936 – Vacant
• 1941, 1947, 1952 – American News Company dealers
• 1957 – Blacksmith, beauty shop
• 1962, 1967, 1972, 1977, 1982, 1988, 1992, 1997 – Cal-Tone Paints, Inc.
• 2003 – Office
• 2008 – Therapy, LLC
• 2013 – Bodi night club
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314 South West Street – Adjacent to the west, across South West Street
• 1957, 2003 – Residential
310 South Harrington Street – Adjacent to the east
• 1926, 1931, 1936, 1941 – Marsh Geo Company, Inc. wholesale
• 1947 – Aldredge & Company, Inc.
• 1952, 1957, 1962 – The Britt Company wholesale groceries
• 1977 – Vacant
• 1992 – Cal-Tone Paints paint rental
• 2003, 2008, 2013 – Centerline Digital Productions
Environmentally suspect features were identified on adjacent properties during Mid-Atlantic’s
review of historical city directories. Features include Hunter Services, Inc. metal refinishing (409
West Martin Street), F.H. Ross & Company laundry supplies (323 South West Street) and Cal-
Tone Paints, Inc. (310 South West Street and 310 South Harrington Street). These
environmentally suspect features, along with documented releases noted in Sections 5.1 and
5.2, may have negatively impacted groundwater quality beneath the subject site and are thus
considered RECs.
6.0 Site Reconnaissance
6.1 Methodology and Limiting Conditions
On October, 2014, Mid-Atlantic personnel conducted a physical/visual reconnaissance of the
subject site and the surrounding area. Our reconnaissance included a visual inspection of the
entire site, including the interior and exterior of the on-site structure. We did not encounter limiting
conditions during our site reconnaissance that hindered our ability to identify RECs. Mr. Otho
Cozart, part owner of the subject site, accompanied Mid-Atlantic on our tour of the subject site
building and exterior land. Photographs taken during Mid-Atlantic’s site reconnaissance are
included in Appendix 15.3. Specific features noted in the following sections are shown on
Drawing 15.2.
6.2 General Site Setting, Structures and Utilities
The subject site is located approximately 150 feet south of the intersection of South West Street
and West Martin Street in Raleigh, North Carolina in a generally industrial setting. Vehicular
access is provided to the subject site from the west by South West Street.
The subject site is occupied by an approximately 9,500 square-foot warehouse. The middle section
of the warehouse was constructed between 1909 and 1914 and, according to Wake County real
estate data, the two remaining sections were constructed in 1920. The subject site and its
surrounding properties are provided with water and sewer services by the City of Raleigh Utilities
Department, electricity by Duke Energy Progress and natural gas by PSNC. At the time of site
inspection, the subject site was being used for storage and a personal workshop by its owner, Otho
Cozart.
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6.3 Exterior Observations
6.3.1 Pits, Ponds or Lagoons
Mid-Atlantic personnel observed no evidence of pits in exterior areas, ponds or lagoons on the
subject site.
6.3.2 Stained Soil or Pavement/Stressed Vegetation
Mid-Atlantic personnel did not observe obvious evidence of stained soil or pavement or stressed
vegetation on the exterior portions of the subject site.
6.3.3 Solid Waste
Mid-Atlantic personnel observed no evidence that may indicate that trash, debris or other types
of solid waste have been buried or disposed at the subject site. One municipal garbage dumpster
was observed on the western portion of the subject site. No evidence of stained soils, stressed
vegetation and/or unusual odors was observed in the vicinity of the dumpster.
6.3.4 Wastewater
The facility does not discharge any wastewater with the exception of sanitary waste to the
municipal sewer system.
6.3.5 Wells
The subject site and surrounding properties are provided with water from the City of Raleigh
Utilities Department. Mid-Atlantic personnel did not observe evidence of wells on the subject site.
6.3.6 Septic Systems
The subject site and its surrounding properties are provided with sewer services from the City of
Raleigh Utilities Department. Mid-Atlantic did not observe evidence of septic systems on the
subject site.
6.3.7 Storage Tanks/Vessels
Mid-Atlantic did not observe evidence of storage tanks or vessels in the exterior areas of the
property.
6.3.8 PCBs
Older transformers and other electrical equipment could contain polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
at a level that subjects them to regulation by the U.S. EPA. PCBs in electrical equipment are
controlled by United States Environmental Protection Agency regulations 40 CFR, Part 761. Mid-
Atlantic did not observe equipment likely to contain PCBs at the subject site.
6.3.9 Surrounding Land Use
The subject site is bounded to the north by the Contemporary Art Museum, to the south, east and
west, across South West Street, by paved parking areas and commercial business entities. Mid-
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Atlantic does not consider the adjacent businesses and land use to be of potential environmental
concern to the subject site.
6.3.10 Other Evidence of Environmental Impacts
Mid-Atlantic did not observe other evidence of past, current or future activities on the exterior
portions of the site that could potentially have an adverse environmental impact on the subject
site.
6.4 Interior Observations
6.4.1 Heating and Cooling Systems
The subject site formerly operated natural gas heaters, but the owner disconnected natural gas
service since the subject site is used sporadically.
6.4.2 Staining and Chemical Storage/Use
Mid-Atlantic personnel observed two paint booths on the northern ends of the subject site
warehouse, as well as quart and gallon-sized containers of paint and woodworking finishing
products.
6.4.3 Drains and Sumps
Mid-Atlantic personnel did not observe any drains or sumps at the subject site.
6.4.4 Asbestos Containing Materials and Lead-Based Paint
Mid-Atlantic inspected and sampled for asbestos-containing materials (ACM) from the on-site
warehouse building. Thirteen (13) bulk samples, resulting in 16 analyses, were collected from the
warehouse building. The samples were analyzed for asbestos by EMSL Analytical, Inc. located
in Morrisville, North Carolina using Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM) in conjunction with
dispersion staining techniques using EPA Method 600/R-93/116.
A material is considered by the EPA, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), and
the State of North Carolina to be asbestos-containing if at least one sample collected from a
homogeneous group contains asbestos in an amount greater than one percent (1%). Mid-
Atlantic’s asbestos-containing material survey revealed the following:
• Approximately 25 square feet of asbestos-containing floor tile and mastic in Room 1; and
• Approximately 150 square feet of asbestos-containing linoleum in the north side of the
second floor.
The lead-based paint survey began with our inspector/risk assessor walking the subject facility
and documenting room equivalents, testing combinations, and selecting test locations. After the
testing strategy was determined, Mid-Atlantic used an XRF to determine the lead content in
milligrams per square centimeter (mg/cm2) of selected painted surfaces on the subject property
building.
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One-hundred twelve (112) samples (including calibration samples) were collected utilizing the
XRF to determine the presence of lead-based paint. For paint to be considered “Lead-Based
Paint”, the paint must contain lead concentrations of 0.5% by weight or greater under the EPA
guidelines, or contain lead concentrations of 1.0 mg/cm2 or greater under HUD guidelines. Lead-
based paint was detected at concentrations greater than or equal to 1.0 mg/cm2 as identified in
the following table:
Room Side Component
Exterior A Concrete Wall
Exterior B Door 2
Exterior B Door Jamb 2
Note: Based on HUD guidelines, the sides of the building, including the walls, windows, doors,
and cabinets, are identified by letter. The A-side of the building is the side facing the road and is
typically the location of the main entrance door to the building. The remaining three sides of the
building are denoted with letters B through D moving clockwise from the front of the building. For
a list of all surfaces tested and the XRF results, refer to the complete XRF Testing Report
contained in Appendix A of the Lead-Based Paint Inspection Report. Results of Mid-Atlantic’s
asbestos-containing material and lead-based paint survey are included in Appendix 15.10.
6.4.5 Other Evidence of Environmental Impacts
Mid-Atlantic personnel did not observe other evidence of past, current or future activities that
could potentially have an adverse environmental impact on the subject site.
7.0 Interviews
7.1 Interview with Owner
The subject site has the current owner listed as Otho C. and Julie V. Cozart by the Wake County
Tax Office. Mid-Atlantic conducted an interview with Mr. Otho Cozart, part owner of the subject site.
Mr. Cozart indicated that he and his associate began leasing the subject site in 1986 for use as
woodworking shop. They purchased the subject site in 1988 and used the warehouse space to
produce and refinish furniture in limited numbers. He stated that, in the past, he and his associate
would purchase paint and supplies from Cal-Tone Paints, which was located adjacent to the west,
across South West Street. Mr. Cozart stated that the subject site had been used for storage and
woodworking prior to his occupancy had no knowledge of fuel oil tanks ever existing on the subject
site. Mr. Smith did not identify environmentally suspect features associated with the subject site.
7.2 Interview with Site Manager
The owner is also considered the site manager; refer to Section 7.1 for further information.
7.3 Interview with Occupants
The owner is also considered a site occupant; refer to Section 7.1 for further information.
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7.4 Interview with Others
Additional interviews were not conducted by Mid-Atlantic as part of this investigation, refer to
Section 7.1 for further information.
7.5 Interviews with Local Government Officials
Mid-Atlantic personnel consulted the City of Raleigh Fire Department Report System on October
13, 2014 and found no records of environmental incidents at the subject site.
8.0 Findings
The following known/potential RECs, historical RECs and/or de minimis conditions were identified
on the subject site during the performance of this PESA:
• Historical Sanborn® maps and information from on-site interviews indicate that the subject
site was historically used for a woodworking shop with glue and varnish rooms and storage
of laundry and dry cleaning supplies. Sanborn® maps also indicated the historical
presence of an oil tank.
The following known/potential RECs, historical RECs and/or de minimis conditions were identified
on the surrounding, off-site properties during the performance of this PESA:
• Historical documentation and information from on-site interviews indicate that uses of the
adjacent properties included the storage of fertilizer and farm machinery, paint
manufacturing and storage, storage of laundry supplies, metal refinishing and auto
radiator repair; and
• Contaminated groundwater has been discovered below several nearby properties.
Contaminants present in groundwater are related to use of the properties for a gasoline
service station, foundry and large machine shop.
Although not considered RECs, asbestos-containing material and lead-based paint were
identified at the subject site.
9.0 Opinion
9.1 Environmental Concerns and Opinions.
Historical operations on the subject site include a woodworking shop with glue and varnish rooms
and storage of laundry and dry cleaning supplies. These former uses are considered RECs based
on the nature of these operations and the potential impacts associated with the improper storage,
handling and disposal of paints, solvents and hazardous substances.
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. 21 PESA Report – 0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
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The historical presence of an oil tank on the subject site may have negatively impacted soil and
groundwater quality beneath the subject site and is considered an REC.
Historical uses of the adjacent properties included the storage of fertilizer and farm machinery,
paint manufacturing and storage, storage of laundry supplies, metal refinishing and auto radiator
repair. These former uses are considered RECs based on the nature of these operations and the
potential impacts associated with the improper storage, handling and disposal of paints, solvents
and hazardous substances.
Groundwater contamination has been documented on several nearby properties and available
groundwater flow direction information suggests that the contamination may have spread to the
subject site. Therefore, the adjacent documented releases are considered to be RECs.
9.2 Data Gaps
A data gap is a lack of or inability to obtain information despite good faith efforts. A PESA report
should identify and comment on significant data gaps when they affect the Environmental
Professional’s ability to identify RECs. The Environmental Professional must also identify the
sources of information that were consulted to address these significant data gaps. Although data
gaps were encountered in the aerial photographs, topographic maps and city directories during
performance of this PESA, none of these were considered significant as they did not hinder our
ability to identify the RECs on the subject site.
10.0 Conclusions and Recommendations
10.1 Conclusions
Mid-Atlantic has performed this PESA in general conformance with the scope and limitations of
ASTM Practice E 1527-13 and 40 CFR Part 312. Any exceptions to, or deletions from, these
practices are described in Section 2.4 and Section 11.0 of this report. This assessment has
revealed no evidence of RECs in connection with the subject site except for the following:
• Historical uses of the subject site including a woodworking shop with glue and varnish
rooms and the storage of laundry and dry cleaning supplies; and
• The historical presence of an oil tank on the subject site.
The following known/potential RECs, historical RECs and/or de minimis conditions were identified
on the surrounding, off-site properties during the performance of this PESA:
• Historical uses of the adjacent properties included the storage of fertilizer and farm
machinery, paint manufacturing and storage, storage of laundry supplies, metal refinishing
and auto radiator repair; and
• Documented groundwater contamination on multiple nearby properties.
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. 22 PESA Report – 0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
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10.2 Recommendations
40 CFR Part 112 requires environmental professionals to consider the information collected during
performance of this PESA and render an opinion as to whether additional investigation is warranted
to detect contamination. Based on information currently available for the subject site, it is our opinion
that additional investigation is warranted.
11.0 Deviations
This PESA substantially complies with the scope of services and ASTM E 1527-13, as amended,
except for exceptions and /or limiting conditions as discussed in Section 2.4.
12.0 Additional Services
Mid-Atlantic did not conduct additional services during the performance of this assessment.
13.0 References
The following sources were used during performance of this PESA:
• USGS Topographic Quadrangle Map of Raleigh West, North Carolina, published in 1993
(Appendix 15.1);
• Geologic Map of North Carolina, North Carolina Geologic Survey, 1985;
• The EDR Radius Map Report, Environmental Data Resources, Inc. (Appendix 15.5);
• EDR Historical Topographic Map Report (Appendix 15.4);
• EDR City Directory Abstract (Appendix 15.4);
• EDR Sanborn® Map Report (Appendix 15.4);
• EDR Aerial Photo Decade Package (Appendix 15.4);
• Aerial photograph from Wake County Geographic Information Services (GIS) dated 2013
(Appendix 15.4);
• Deed Book 14333 and Page 217-253 for CAM property acquired from Wake County
Register of Deeds website (http://services.wakegov.com/booksweb/genextsearch.aspx)
(Appendix 15.9);
• Heather, Terrel, 2005b, Notification of an Inactive Hazardous Substance or Waste
Disposal Site – Dillon Parcel B, Triangle Transit Authority, Research Triangle Park, North
Carolina, April 29, 2005;
• Heather, Terrel, 2005d, Notification of an Inactive Hazardous Substance or Waste
Disposal Site – Wilson Parcel, Triangle Transit Authority, April 29, 2005;
• Brown, Mark, 2009, Notification of an Inactive Hazardous Substance or Waste Disposal
Site – Contemporary Art Museum, ECS Carolinas LLP, Raleigh, North Carolina, January
26, 2009;
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. 23 PESA Report – 0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
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• ECS, 2009, Limited Groundwater and Vapor Intrusion Assessment, ECS Carolinas LLP,
Raleigh, North Carolina, January 18, 2009;
• URS, 2004, Phase II Environmental Site Assessment Triangle Regional Rail Project
Downtown Raleigh Station, URS Corporation – North Carolina, Morrisville, North Carolina,
May 13, 2004; and,
• Zinn, 2005, Phase II Environmental Site Assessment, Triangle Regional Rail Project,
Downtown Raleigh Station, Letter to Mr. Scott Smith of the Triangle Transit Authority from
Mr. Harry Zinn, Division of Waste Management, North Carolina Department of
Environment and Natural Resources, Raleigh, North Carolina, June 14, 2005.
14.0 Qualifications of Environmental Professionals
All phases of this PESA were conducted, completed and reviewed by qualified Mid-Atlantic
personnel experienced in conducting PESAs on similar sites. Summaries of the experience of those
conducting this PESA are included in Appendix 15.8.
15.0 Appendices
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. PESA Report – 0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
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Appendix 15.1
Topographic Site Map
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. PESA Report – 0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
Project Number: 000R2615.00 Raleigh, North Carolina
800.486.7568 – www.MAAonline.com
Appendix 15.2
Site Feature Map
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. PESA Report – 0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
Project Number: 000R2615.00 Raleigh, North Carolina
800.486.7568 – www.MAAonline.com
Appendix 15.3
Site Photographs
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. PESA Report – 0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
Project Number: 000R2615.00 Raleigh, North Carolina
800.486.7568 – www.MAAonline.com
Appendix 15.4
Historical Research Documentation
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. PESA Report – 0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
Project Number: 000R2615.00 Raleigh, North Carolina
800.486.7568 – www.MAAonline.com
Appendix 15.5
Regulatory Records Documentation
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. PESA Report – 0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
Project Number: 000R2615.00 Raleigh, North Carolina
800.486.7568 – www.MAAonline.com
Appendix 15.6
Interview Documentation
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. PESA Report – 0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
Project Number: 000R2615.00 Raleigh, North Carolina
800.486.7568 – www.MAAonline.com
Appendix 15.7
Special Contractual Conditions
None
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. PESA Report – 0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
Project Number: 000R2615.00 Raleigh, North Carolina
800.486.7568 – www.MAAonline.com
Appendix 15.8
Qualifications of the Environmental Professional(s)
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. PESA Report – 0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
Project Number: 000R2615.00 Raleigh, North Carolina
800.486.7568 – www.MAAonline.com
Darin M. McClure, P. E.
Darin McClure, a Principal and founder of Mid-Atlantic, has over 20 years of experience with a
broad range of environmental-related projects. Mr. McClure has successfully managed a diverse
mix of projects for a diverse group of clients. Mr. McClure specializes in soil/groundwater
assessment and remediation, Brownfields redevelopment, and assisting facilities with compliance
under a variety of regulatory programs (NPDES, Oil Spill Prevention, etc.). Mr. McClure is a
licensed Professional Engineer in the states of North Carolina, Virginia, South Carolina, and
Pennsylvania. Mr. McClure is considered an Environmental Professional as defined in 40 CFR Part
312 and ASTM E 1527-05.
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. PESA Report – 0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
Project Number: 000R2615.00 Raleigh, North Carolina
800.486.7568 – www.MAAonline.com
Appendix 15.9
Additional Environmental Record Sources
Mid-Atlantic Associates, Inc. PESA Report – 0.28 Acre Commercial Tract
Project Number: 000R2615.00 Raleigh, North Carolina
800.486.7568 – www.MAAonline.com
Appendix 15.10
Asbestos Containing Materials and Lead-Based Paint Survey
Reports