WS-9239_44463_CA_IAR_20160913

Initial Abatement Assessment Report
ECS Carolinas, LLP
4811 Koger Boulevard
Greensboro, North Carolina 27407
336.856.7150
Former Bunker Hill Service Station
1813Highway 66 South, Kernersville, Forsyth County, NC
ECS Project No. 49-1368C
NCDEQ Incident No. 44463
Prepared for
NCDEQ, Division of Waste Management,
UST Section, Trust Fund Branch
September 13, 2016
September 13, 2016
Mr. Herb Berger
NCDEQ, Division of Waste Management, UST Section
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1646
RE: 20-Day and Initial Abatement Assessment Report
Former Bunker Hill Service Station 1813 Highway 66 South Kernersville, Forsyth County, North Carolina
NCDEQ Incident No.: 44463
NCDEQ Contract No. N14007i ECS Project No. 49:1368C
Dear Mr. Berger:
As authorized by Task Authorization Request (TAR) No.5 dated July 1, 2016, ECS Carolinas,
LLP (ECS) has completed our Initial Abatement Assessment Report for the above referenced site. Included in this report is a description of the field activities, the results obtained, and our
conclusions and recommendations.
We appreciate the opportunity to provide our services to you. If there are questions regarding this report, or a need for further information, please contact us.
Respectfully Submitted,
ECS CAROLINAS, LLP
Randy H. Cavallier
Senior Environmental Project Manager [e-mail]
336-478-1612
John M. Stewart, P.G.
Chief Geologist [e-mail] 336-478-1621
20-Day Initial Abatement Assessment Report Former Bunker Hill Service Station 1813 Highway 66 South
Kernersville, Forsyth County, North Carolina NCDEQ Incident No. 44463 September 13, 2016

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SITE INFORMATION
Site Name and Location: Former Bunker Hill Service Station
1813 Highway 66 South
Kernersville, Forsyth County, North Carolina

UST Owner/Operator: Unknown
NCDENR Incident Number: 44463

Land Owner Richard E. Wagoner
206 Yorktown Road
Kernersville, Forsyth County, North Carolina 27284

Latitude and Longitude: 36.0735421° North, 80.058980° West
Date of Report: September 13, 2016
Land Use Category: Commercial

Contacts
Primary Contact: Mr. Herb Berger
NCDEQ, Division of Waste Management, UST Section
1646 Mail Service Center Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1646 [phone]
Closure Contractor: Mr. Tony Disher
EVO Corporation 1703 Vargrave Street
Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27107
[phone] Primary Consultant: ECS Carolinas, LLP
4811 Koger Boulevard
Greensboro, North Carolina 27407 [phone]
John M. Stewart, P.G.
Laboratory: Research & Analytical Laboratory, Inc. 106 Short Street
Kernersville, North Carolina 27284
[phone] Laboratory I.D. # 34

20-Day Initial Abatement Assessment Report Former Bunker Hill Service Station 1813 Highway 66 South
Kernersville, Forsyth County, North Carolina NCDEQ Incident No. 44463 September 13, 2016

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 PROJECT INFORMATION ................................................................................................. 1
2.0 FIELD ACTIVITIES ............................................................................................................................ 2
3.0 LABORATORY ANALYTICAL RESULTS ...................................................................................... 3
4.0 SOIL EXCAVATION AND DISPOSAL ............................................................................................ 3
5.0 CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................................................. 4
6.0 RECOMMENDATIONS ..................................................................................................................... 4
7.0 QUALIFICATIONS ............................................................................................................................. 4

FIGURES
Figure 1 Site Location Map
Figure 2 Site Map
Figure 3 Sample Location Map
TABLES Table 1 UST Information
Table 2 Summary of Soil Analytical Results

APPENDICIES

Appendix A Site Photographs Appendix B Non-Hazardous Waste Manifest and Certificate of Disposal (Liquids) Appendix C GW/UST-2 Form: Site Investigation Report for Permanent Closure
Appendix D Laboratory Data Sheets and Chain-of-Custody Record
Appendix E Non-Hazardous Waste Manifest, Weight Tickets, and Certificate of Disposal (Soil)
20-Day Initial Abatement Assessment Report Former Bunker Hill Service Station 1813 Highway 66 South
Kernersville, Forsyth County, North Carolina NCDEQ Incident No. 44463 September 13, 2016

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1.0 PROJECT INFORMATION

The Former Bunker Hill Service Station is located at 1813 Highway 66 South in Kernersville, Forsyth County, North Carolina (Figure 1 and Figure 2). On September 4, 2014, the NCDEQ
Winston-Salem Regional Office received a complaint from Ms. Cathy Hedgecock concerning
the discovery of contaminants in a water supply well located at a residence at 1815 Mcldol Road in Kernersville, North Carolina.
On September 4, 2014, Mr. Thomas Moore with the NCDEQ investigated the complaint at the
Hedgecock property. There are reportedly two water wells on the property. A 40 foot deep bored well which is reportedly impacted with petroleum compounds and is no longer used and a
263 foot deep drilled well (cased to 137 feet) which is also reportedly impacted with petroleum
compounds. The deep well was still in use. The well is currently in use with a POE system. Ms. Hedgecock provided NCDEQ with documentation from Research & Analytical Laboratories (R&A) that indicated the shallow well had been impacted with petroleum compounds since July
20, 2011. Analysis of the sample from the well detected benzene (769 ppb), 1,2-dichloroethane
(122 ppb), naphthalene (11.7 ppb), and isopropyl ether (375 ppb) above their North Carolina 2L Groundwater Quality Standards (NC2LGWQS).

During Mr. Moore's investigation, the on-site water supply well was sampled. During sampling,
Mr. Moore reported strong petroleum odor. The analysis detected benzene (1,200 ppb), 1,2-dichloroethane (130 ppb), and naphthalene (14 ppb) above their NC2LGWQS. An investigation
of the property, including the basement of the house, did not reveal potential petroleum
sources. An examination of the surrounding area located an old gas station (Bunker Hill Service Station) within 500 feet of the impacted well.

The former Bunker Hill Service Station is located at 1813 Highway 66 South is up
gradient/cross gradient from the Hedgecock property. It is believed the gasoline station closed in the early 1960's and the tanks were removed. A search of the UST database revealed no
evidence that the tanks at this address were ever registered. The current property owner of the
property is Mr. Richard Wagoner. Mr. Wagoner bought the property in 2002. According to Mr. Wagoner, the tanks had long since been removed from the ground and the former UST owner (Mr. Homer) has long been deceased. An inspection of the property by NCDEQ did not identify
any evidence of USTs. Currently Mr. Wagoner operates an upholstery business on the
property.
On August 12, 2015, ECS sampled the water supply well on the Hedgecock (Smith) Property.
Laboratory analysis of samples collected detected concentrations of benzene (1,090 ug/L), IPE (469 ug/L), 1,2-dichloroethane (116 ug/L), and naphthalene (11.2 ug/L) that exceeded their respective NC2LGWQS. The NCDEQ conducted a Health Risk Evaluation (HRE) on the well.
The concentrations of benzene, 1,2-dichloroethane, and diisopropyl ether were detected above
the applicable standards. The NCDEQ determined that the water is not recommended for any residential use. The deep well is in use and was connected to a Point of Entry (POE) system
which was installed, under direction of the NCDEQ, on September 2, 2015.

20-Day Initial Abatement Assessment Report Former Bunker Hill Service Station 1813 Highway 66 South
Kernersville, Forsyth County, North Carolina NCDEQ Incident No. 44463 September 13, 2016

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On March 21, 2016, following installation of the POE system the water supply well on the
Hedgecock (Smith) Property was sampled. Laboratory analysis of the influent sample detected
concentrations of benzene (1,550 ug/L), IPE (645 ug/L), and 1,2-dichloroethane (188 ug/L) that exceeded their respective NC2LGWQS. Analysis of the effluent sample did not detect volatile
organic compounds above the laboratory reporting limit. On April 6, 2016, the NCDEQ issued a
Health Risk Evaluation (HRE) which determined the well water was not safe to use.
On February 4, 2016 ECS contracted Forrest Environmental Services, Inc. to conduct a
geophysical survey of the Bunker Hill store. The geophysical survey detected three anomalies
located onsite. Two of the anomalies appeared to be USTs.
On July 1, 2016, the NCDEQ issued a Task Authorization Request (TAR) No.5 to remove two
USTs, observe the excavation of up to 120 tons of petroleum impacted soil for off-site disposal,
collect risk-based soil samples from the final excavation side-walls and base and to prepare an Initial Abatement Action (IAA) Report.

2.0 FIELD ACTIVITIES

On July 28, 2016, ECS personnel met EVO Corporation (EVO) of Winston Salem, North
Carolina at the site to begin closure activities. The scope of the closure activities was the closure by removal of the two 1,000-gallon gasoline USTs identified as anomalies during the
geophysical survey. A portion of the first UST, located beneath the canopy was uncovered
using a tracked excavator. Because the UST was close to one of the canopy support posts and extended beneath the canopy, the canopy could not be supported to allow removal of the UST. Site photographs are included in Appendix A. ECS contacted the NCDEQ and received verbal
permission to close the UST in-place by Mr. Hassan Osman after speaking with Mr. Scott Ryals
on July 28, 2016.
EVO used a vacuum truck to remove 25 gallons of liquid from the UST. The liquid was
manifested and taken offsite for disposal at EVO’s facility in Winston Salem, North Carolina. A copy of the Non-Hazardous Materials Manifest and Certificate of Disposal are included in Appendix B. A tracked excavator was used to complete the closure activities. Overlying asphalt
and soil were removed with the excavator to expose the top of the UST. The top of the UST was
approximately 1.5 feet below the ground surface (bgs). The UST was a single-walled steel UST. Holes were observed in the exposed portion of the UST. Soil was removed from the end of the
UST and extending to the bottom of the UST. Evidence of a release (petroleum odors) was
observed in the soil along the end and below the UST. UST information is summarized in Table 1. The interior of the UST was cleaned using a high pressure steam cleaner and filled with flowable fill concrete. Following closure activities, ECS completed a GW/UST-2 Form: Site
Investigation Report for Permanent Closure (Appendix C). One soil sample (UST-1) was
collected adjacent to the bottom of one end of the UST.
The sample was screened for organic vapors using a Thermo Model 2020 flame ionization
detector (FID). A portion of soil from the sample was placed in a re-sealable plastic bag for the
purpose of field screening. The plastic bag was placed in a warm location for approximately ten minutes to allow the headspace in the bag to equilibrate. The probe of the FID was inserted
20-Day Initial Abatement Assessment Report Former Bunker Hill Service Station 1813 Highway 66 South
Kernersville, Forsyth County, North Carolina NCDEQ Incident No. 44463 September 13, 2016

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into the bag, and the bag was immediately resealed. The FID meter was monitored and the
readings recorded. The readings are summarized on Table 2.
The excavation activities in the vicinity of the second anomaly identified during the geophysical
survey did not locate a second UST. Former product lines were observed in that location and
EVO uncovered the lines using the excavator to the location where a former excavation was
detected by the geophysical survey. At that point, the line had been cut and plugged. ECS collected soil samples along the product line at approximately 3 feet bgs (L-1 and L-2) and from
the former excavation (EX-1) at a depth of approximately 8 feet bgs. EVO removed one pump
island on the south side of the building. ECS collected one soil sample (PI-1) directly beneath the pump island from a depth of approximately 2 feet bgs. There was no piping associated with
the pump island except for an approximately one foot long stub in the center of the island.

The soil samples were placed into laboratory prepared glass containers. After being filled, the sample containers were labeled and placed into a cooler containing ice to maintain the samples
at approximately 4° Celsius. The samples were delivered to Research & Analytical Laboratories (R&A) in Kernersville, North Carolina to be analyzed for gasoline range total petroleum hydrocarbons (GRO-TPH) using EPA Method 8015/5035. Soil sample UST-1 was
also analyzed for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using EPA Method 8260/5035 and
volatile petroleum hydrocarbons (VPH) using the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (MADEP) Methods. The samples were transported to the laboratory under chain of
custody. A copy of the chain of custody is included in Appendix D. Following the removal of the
lines and collection of the samples, the excavations were filled stone material. 3.0 LABORATORY ANALYTICAL RESULTS
Laboratory analysis of soil samples L-2 and EX-1 did not detect GRO-TPH above the laboratory
reporting limit. Analysis of soil sample P-1 detected GRO-TPH but below the State Action Level. Laboratory analysis of soil samples L-1 and UST-1 detected GRO-TPH above the NCDEQ
Action Level of 50 parts per million (ppm). Laboratory analysis of soil sample UST-1 detected
1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, n-butylbenzene,
naphthalene, n-propylbenzene and toluene at concentrations that exceed their respective Soil-to-Groundwater Maximum Soil Contaminant Concentrations (MSCCs); however, the
concentrations do not exceed the Residential MSCCs. Laboratory analysis of soil sample UST-
1 detected C5-C8 Aliphatics, C9-C12 Aliphatic and C9-C10 Aromatic hydrocarbons at concentrations that exceed their respective Residential MSCCs.The laboratory analytical results are summarized in Table 2. The laboratory analytical data sheets are included in the Appendix
D.
4.0 SOIL EXCAVATION AND DISPOSAL

Approximately 27 tons of petroleum impacted soil was excavated and transported for disposal
to EVO’s facility in Winston Salem, North Carolina. The soil was removed from the west end of
UST-1, along the product lines, and from the excavation of the former UST(s). As the soil was being excavated, an ECS professional screened it using a Foxboro Model 2020 FID. The soil to
be screened was placed in resealable plastic bags. Each plastic bag was placed in a warm
location for approximately ten minutes to allow the headspace in the bag to equilibrate with the soil. The probe of the FID was then inserted into the bag, and the bag was immediately
20-Day Initial Abatement Assessment Report Former Bunker Hill Service Station 1813 Highway 66 South
Kernersville, Forsyth County, North Carolina NCDEQ Incident No. 44463 September 13, 2016

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resealed. The FID meter was monitored and the reading recorded. Soil was removed until the
FID readings were below 5 ppm. Based on FID readings, no additional soil was removed in the
vicinity of soil sample L-1. The Non-Hazardous Waste Manifests and weight tickets for the impacted soil are included in Appendix E.

5.0 CONCLUSIONS

Based on field observations and laboratory results, ECS has the following conclusions:

• UST closure excavation activities identified one UST and the location of the second,
previously removed UST in the area of the two anomalies identified in the geophysical
survey. Product lines were located from former UST excavation to the front (west) of the
store, where the third anomaly was identified.
• Because the UST was closer to the canopy support post than expected and extended
beneath the canopy, the canopy could not be supported to allow removal of the UST. After receiving authorization from the NCDEQ, the UST was closed in-place by the
contractor.
• Laboratory analysis of the soil sample collected adjacent to the west end of the UST and from the sample collected from beneath the elbow of the product line detected GRO-
TPH above the NCDEQ Action Level of 50 ppm.
• Approximately 27 tons of petroleum impacted soil was excavated and transported for disposal to EVO Corporation in Winston Salem North Carolina.
• Laboratory analysis of the soil sample collected adjacent to the end of the UST detected petroleum related VOCs at concentrations that exceed their respective Soil-to-
Groundwater MSCCs; however, the concentrations do not exceed the Residential
MSCCs.
• Laboratory analysis of soil sample collected adjacent to the end of the UST detected
VPH compounds at concentrations that exceed their respective Residential MSCCs.

6.0 RECOMMENDATIONS
ECS is currently in the process of connecting the Hedgecock property to the municipal waterline.
Once the Hedgecock’s residence is connected to public water, the incident could be closed with a
Notice of Residual Petroleum (NRP).
7.0 QUALIFICATIONS
The activities and evaluative approaches used in this assessment are consistent with those normally employed in UST closure projects of this type. Our evaluation of site conditions has been based on our understanding of the site project information and the data obtained during
our field activities on the date the samples were collected and from a limited number of sample
locations. This report was prepared for the express use of the NCDEQ. Use of this report by any other individual or company implies their acceptance to the General Conditions of Service
of the original contract.

FIGURES
SOURCE:

USGS TOPOGRAPHIC MAP
KERNERSVILLE, NC QUADRANGLE
DATED 1969 REVISED 1994

SCALE 1” = 2,000’
FIGURE 1
SITE LOCATION MAP
BUNKER HILL SERVICE STATION
1813 HIGHWAY 66 SOUTH
KERNERSVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA
NCDEQ INCIDENT No. 44463

ECS PROJECT NO. 49-1368C

SITE
APPROXIMATE SITE BOUNDARY

SOURCE:

GOOGLE EARTH
2016

SCALE 1 Inch = 50 Feet
FIGURE 2
SITE MAP
BUNKER HILL SERVICE STATION
1813 HIGHWAY 66 SOUTH
KERNERSVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA
NCDEQ INCIDENT No. 44463

ECS PROJECT NO. 49-1368C

1500’
See Figure 3

SOURCE:

ECS FIELD NOTES
JULY 28, 2016

SCALE 1 Inch = 10 Feet
FIGURE 3
SAMPLE LOCATION MAP
BUNKER HILL SERVICE STATION
1813 HIGHWAY 66 SOUTH
KERNERSVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA
NCDEQ INCIDENT No. 44463

ECS PROJECT NO. 49-1368C

Former Bunker Hill
Service Station
Canopy
UST
Approximate Area
Of Excavation
Approximate Area
Of Excavation Former UST
Excavation (GPR)
Post PI-1
L-1 L-2
Post UST-1
EX-1

TABLES
TABLE 1: UST INFORMATION
Former Bunker Hill Service Station
NCDEQ Incident No. 44463
ECS Project 49-1368C
UST ID
Number
Last
Contents
Previous
Contents
Capacity
(in Gallons)
Construction
Details
Tank
Dimensions
Installation
Date Status Release
1 Gasoline Unknown 1000 Single Wall Steel 3' 8" X 12' Unknown Removed
7/28/2016 Yes
TABLE 2: SUMMARY OF SOIL SAMPLE ANALYTICAL RESULTS
Former Bunker Hill Service Station
NCDEQ Incident No. 44463
ECS Project 49-1368C
Parameter
Sample ID UST-1 L-1 L-2 PI-1 EX-1
Collection Depth (feet bgs)8 3 3 2 8
Collection Date
FID Reading (ppm)>20,000 9 14 9 9
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons by EPA 8015/5035
GRO-TPH 10,640 51.4 <10 32.0 <10 50 NS NS NS
Volatile Organic Compounds by EPA Method 8260
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 160 NA NA NA NA NS 8.5 782 20,440
1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene 91.0 NA NA NA NA NS 8.3 782 20,440
Ethylbenzene 49.0 NA NA NA NA NS 4.9 1,560 40,000
Xylenes (Total)341 NA NA NA NA NS 4.6 3,129 81,760
n-Butylbenzene 11.3 NA NA NA NA NS 4.3 626 16,350
Naphthalene 39.9 NA NA NA NA NS 0.16 313 8,176
n-Propylbenzene 22.4 NA NA NA NA NS 1.7 626 16,350
Toluene 105 NA NA NA NA NS 4.3 1200 32,000
C5 - C8 Aliphatics 4,590 NA NA NA NA NS 68 939 24,528
C9 - C12 Aliphatics 10,400 NA NA NA NA NS 540 1,500 41,000
C9 - C10 Aromatics 2,760 NA NA NA NA NS 31 469 12,264
Notes:
Results presented in milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg), analogous to parts per million (ppm)
Feet bgs = Feet below ground surface
ppm = parts per million
NA = Not Analyzed by this Method
NS = No Standard
MSCC = Maximum soil contaminant concentration
Bold denotes concentration exceeds the State Action Level or Soil-to-Groundwater MSCC
Bold denotes concentration exceeds the Residential MSCC
Volatile Petroleum Hydrocarbons by MADEP VPH Method
ANALYTICAL RESULTS
Soil-to-
Groundwater
MSCC
Industrial
Commercial
MSCC 7/28/2016
State Action
Level
Residential
MSCC

APPENDIX A
Site Photographs

PHOTOGRAPHIC LOG
Former Bunker Hill Service Station
1813 Highway 66
Kernersville, Forsyth County, North Carolina
NCDEQ Incident No. 44463

ECS Project No. 49:1368-C

Photograph 1: Former Bunker Hill Service Station

Photograph 2: UST-1 Uncovered UST and Product Piping (UST Anomaly in GPR Survey)

PHOTOGRAPHIC LOG
Former Bunker Hill Service Station
1813 Highway 66
Kernersville, Forsyth County, North Carolina
NCDEQ Incident No. 44463

ECS Project No. 49:1368-C

Photograph 3: Product Piping (Soil Sample L-1 Location)

Photograph 4: : End of Product Piping (Soil Sample EX-1 Location)

PHOTOGRAPHIC LOG
Former Bunker Hill Service Station
1813 Highway 66
Kernersville, Forsyth County, North Carolina
NCDEQ Incident No. 44463

ECS Project No. 49:1368-C

Photograph 5: Filling UST with Flowable Fill Concrete

Photograph 6: Approximately One Foot Concrete Cap

PHOTOGRAPHIC LOG
Former Bunker Hill Service Station
1813 Highway 66
Kernersville, Forsyth County, North Carolina
NCDEQ Incident #44463

ECS Project No. 49:1368-C

Photograph 7: Backfilling Excavations with Stone

Photograph 8: Compacted Stone Backfill

APPENDIX B
Non-Hazardous Waste Manifest and Certificate of Disposal (Liquids)

APPENDIX C
GW/UST-2 Form: Site Investigation Report for Permanent Closure of UST

APPENDIX D
Laboratory Data Sheets & Chain of Custody Record

APPENDIX E
Non-Hazardous Waste Manifest, Weight Tickets & Certificate of Disposal
(Soil)