MO-9324_40784_CA_FPRR_20231204

100 East Ruffin Street, Mebane, North Carolina 27302
Telephone [phone] ·Facsimile [phone]
www.terraquestpc.com

FREE PRODUCT RECOVERY REPORT
(MMPE Event 11/2023)

PERTH MINI MART
818 PERTH ROAD
TROUTMAN, IREDELL COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA

Latitude: 35.684542° N Longitude: -80.895851° W

Release Information:
Date Release Discovered: November 30, 2017 (Lab Confirmed)
Estimated Release Quantity: Unknown
Release Cause/Source: Gasoline Underground Storage Tank System
Previous USTs (release source): 2, 6,000-gallon gas, 1, 4,000-gallon gas, 1, 2,000-gallon non-
ethanol gas (formerly held diesel)
Current (not leaking) USTs: 2, 12,000-gallon gas (compartmentalized)
Current (not leaking) AST: 1,2,000-gallon diesel
NCDEQ-DWM UST Release Incident Number: 40784
Risk Ranking Classification: High
Land-Use Classification: Residential

Facility ID: 00-0-0000024524

Property Owner & UST Owner/Operator:

Madhukunj, LLC
135 Corona Circle
Mooresville, NC 28117

Terraquest Project No. 08217

December 4, 2023

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 i Troutman, Iredell County, NC
CERTIFICATION FOR THE SUBMITTAL
OF AN ENVIRONMENTAL/GEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT

Attached is the Free Product Recovery Report for:

Release Address: Perth Mini Mart
Address: 818 Perth Road
City: Troutman State: NC Zip Code: 28166

Responsible Party: Madhukunj, LLC
Address: 135 Corona Circle
City: Mooresville State: NC Zip Code: 28117

I, Michael J. Brown, a Licensed Geologist in the State of North Carolina for TERRAQUEST
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS, P.C. do hereby certify that I am familiar with and have
reviewed all material including figures within this report and that to the best of my knowledge
the data, site assessments, figures, and other associated materials are correct and accurate. All
work was performed under my direct supervision. My seal and signature are affixed below.
Additional seals and/or signatures are also affixed below.

Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. is licensed to practice geology and engineering in
North Carolina. The geology certification number of the corporation is C-291. The engineering
certification number of the corporation is C-4634. Engineering is practiced out of the Cary, NC
office.

TERRAQUEST ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS, P.C.

Ryan D. Kerins Michael J. Brown, P.G.
Project Manager President

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 ii Troutman, Iredell County, NC
TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................. iv
1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 1
2.0 SITE HISTORY AND SOURCE CHARACTERIZATION .............................................................. 1
3.0 RECEPTOR INFORMATION ................................................................................................. 4
4.0 REGIONAL GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY ..................................................................... 5
5.0 SITE GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY ............................................................................... 7
6.0 SOIL ASSESSMENT ........................................................................................................... 11
7.0 GROUNDWATER QUALITY ............................................................................................... 12
8.0 FREE PRODUCT AND RECOVERY EFFORTS ....................................................................... 13
9.0 CONCLUSIONS / RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................... 19
10.0 LIMITATIONS ................................................................................................................... 20
REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................ 21

TABLES

1. Site History (UST/AST System Information)
2. Surrounding Property Owner Information
3. Water Supply Well Information
4. Monitoring Well Construction Information
5. Summary of Groundwater Sampling Results

FIGURES

1. Site Location Map
2. Site Vicinity Map
3. Site Layout Map
4. Groundwater Analytical Results Map

APPENDICES

A. Technical Methods/Standard Procedures
B. Chronological Site History
C. Historical Groundwater Elevation Data
D. MMPE Report
ENVIRONMENTAL ACRONYMS

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 iii Troutman, Iredell County, NC
2L Standard Groundwater Standards Title 15A NCAC 2L
0.0202(g)
2B Standard Surface Water Standards Title 15A NCAC 2B
AFVR Aggressive Fluid-Vapor Recovery
AST Aboveground Storage Tank
BGL Below Ground Level
BTEX Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes
C&D Construction and Demolition
CAP Corrective Action Plan
CAPR Corrective Action Performance Report
CADR Corrective Action Design Report
CSA Comprehensive Site Assessment
DPE Dual-phase Extraction
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
ePATA Electronic Pre-Approval Task Authorization
EPH Extractable Petroleum Hydrocarbons
ESA Environmental Site Assessment
GCL Gross Contamination Level
LEL Lower Explosive Limit
LSA Limited Site Assessment
IPE di-Isopropyl Ether
ISCO In-situ Chemical Oxidation
MADEP Massachusetts Department of Environmental
Protection
MDL Method Detection Limit
MNA Monitored Natural Attenuation
MMPE Mobile Multi Phase Extraction
MSCC Maximum Soil Contaminant
Concentration
MSL Mean Sea Level
MSW Municipal Solid Waste
MTBE Methyl tertiary-Butyl Ether
NC North Carolina
NCAC NC Administrative Code
NCDENR NC Department of Environment and Natural
Resources
NCDEQ NC Department of Environmental
Quality
NCDOT NC Department of Transportation
NCDWM-SW NC Division of Waste Management’s Solid
Waste Section
NCDWM-UST NC Division of Waste Management’s UST
Section
NCDWQ NC Division of Water Quality
NFA No Further Action
NORR Notice of Regulatory Requirements
NORP Notice of Residual Petroleum
NOV Notice of Violation
NPDES National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System
OVM Organic Vapor Meter
PID Photoionization Detector
PLC Programmable Logic Controller
POE Point of Entry (water treatment system)
POTW Publicly Owned Treatment Works
RBCA Risk Based Corrective Action
RDL Reporting Detection Limit
RP Responsible Party
SCFM Standard Cubic Feet per Minute
SVE Soil Vapor Extraction
STF Leaking UST State Trust Fund
STG Soil to Groundwater
TA Task Authorization
TCC Target Cleanup Concentrations
Terraquest Terraquest Environmental Consultants,
P.C.
TPH Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon
UST Underground Storage Tank
VOA Volatile Organic Analysis
VOC Volatile Organic Compound
VPH Volatile Petroleum Hydrocarbons
XP Explosion Proof

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 iv Troutman, Iredell County, NC
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. has completed free product recovery activities at the
Perth Mini Mart property located in Troutman, Iredell County, North Carolina. This work is related
to a release from a previous gasoline UST system whose discovery was prompted by the owner
based upon inventory record discrepancies indicated by the ATG readings. The NCDWM-UST
requested the work. The recovery efforts were successful in removing 6,991 gallons of
contaminated groundwater and another 22.64 gallons was emitted through the exhaust stack.

A Record of Decision has been signed by all parties and costs have been pre-approved for the
remedial well installation and treatment system equipment and installation purchase. Those
activities are being scheduled.

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 1 Troutman, Iredell County, NC
1.0 INTRODUCTION

On behalf of Madhukunj, LLC, Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. is reporting results of
free product recovery efforts performed for the release incident at the Perth Mini Mart facility
located at 818 Perth Road, Troutman, Iredell County, NC. This work was requested by the
NCDWM-UST and includes free product removal via Mobile Multi-Phase Extraction (MMPE). The
costs were pre-approved on ePATA 40784-026.

The site location and surrounding cultural features are depicted in Figure 1. The site vicinity is
depicted in Figure 2. The site layout and monitoring well network are depicted in Figure 3.
Technical methods and standard procedure generally used by Terraquest personnel are outlined
in Appendix A. A chronological history of site events is provided in Appendix B.

2.0 SITE HISTORY AND SOURCE CHARACTERIZATION

UST Owner:
The USTs are owned by Madhukunj, LLC.

Tank and Release Information:
According to the NC UST Database Records, two 6,000-gallon gasoline, one 4,000-gallon gasoline,
and one 2,000-gallon diesel USTs were installed at the site on March 4, 1980. Note that the
2,000-gallon diesel UST was converted to non-ethanol gasoline in 2018. A 2,000-gallon diesel
AST is also present onsite. The installation date of that tank is unknown. All USTs were closed
via excavation and removal in February 2019 as previously reported. Following closure, two new
12,000-gallon, gasoline, compartmentalized USTs were installed. A site history of the USTs and
AST on the property is included as Table 1. Previous tank locations are shown on Figure 3.

In 2017, the UST owner noted inventory record discrepancies based upon ATG reading for UST
T3, the 4,000-gallon gasoline tank. In response, the UST owner submitted an UST-17A UST

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 2 Troutman, Iredell County, NC
Suspected Release 24-Hour Notice Form. The date and nature of the release is unknown but
inventory records show a shortage of approximately 300-400 gallons. Based on the lab results
of soil samples from beneath the other two gas USTs in the T3 basin, a release occurred from
those tanks also.

Terraquest is not aware of any AST release incidents.

The site and several properties in the area are commercial in nature with the remaining majority
used as residential as shown here:
SITE

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 3 Troutman, Iredell County, NC
The closest residence is located approximately 330 feet north of the release area. There are no
places of public assembly within 1,500 feet. Land use in the vicinity of the site is highway business
and residential. The site and properties to the east are zoned Highway Business (HB). Most of
the remaining properties are zoned Residential (RS). Zoning classifications of the site and
surrounding properties are depicted on Figure 2 and below as taken from Iredell County’s GIS
online system at https://iredell.connectgis.com.

Initial abatement of the release included the removal of fuel from the T3 UST and placing it in
temporary closure. All tanks were subsequently closed via removal.

Environmental assessment activities were previously detailed in a Site Check Report, LSA Report,
and CSA Report sent to the NCDWM-UST. A Record of Decision has been signed by all parties
and costs have been pre-approved for the remedial well installation and treatment system
equipment and installation purchase. Those activities are being scheduled.

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 4 Troutman, Iredell County, NC
3.0 RECEPTOR INFORMATION

As part of the LSA and in order to determine the risk classification of the site, Terraquest
personnel previously performed a reconnaissance of properties within a 1,500-foot radius of the
source area. The reconnaissance effort consisted of obtaining tax department and local zoning
information on properties and conducting door-to-door visits of certain properties within 1,500
feet of the source area, in addition to collecting other pertinent information from the appropriate
local and state officials.

Terraquest personnel inspected all properties within 1,500 feet of the site and attempted to
contact all of the property owners within 1,000 feet in person. Property owners within a 500 -
foot radius were questioned, if available, as to the source of their water and if any water supply
wells were located on their property. If owners/occupants were not home, a survey form was
left at their residence or forwarded to the property owners through the mail. In all cases,
Terraquest also conducted a visual survey of the property. Table 2 lists the names and addresses
of surrounding property owners. Note that the PIN Numbers presented in Table 2 correspond
with those shown in Figure 2.

Terraquest made contact with the Town of Troutman’s Public Works Department to inquire
about the Town’s water supply system. Terraquest was put into contact with West Consultants,
PLLC, who maintains and operates the municipal supply system. Todd Poteet of West
Consultants, PLLC, verified water lines are available along Perth Rd. and Autumn Leaf Rd.;
however, not along Weddington Ln. Furthermore, since the subject area is not located within
the jurisdictional boundary of the Town of Troutman, property owners are not required to
connect to the municipal water supply system. Most are not interested in doing so as they would
be annexed into Troutman and its associated taxes.

Through the reconnaissance efforts, a total of thirty-three water supply wells were identified
within 1,500 feet or the source area. Of those identified wells, nineteen are sole source water

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 5 Troutman, Iredell County, NC
supply wells located within 1,000 feet. One additional active water supply well is located on the
site within 250 feet of the source area. That well is used to fill minnow tanks at the store. Water
supply well information is listed in Table 3. Supply well locations are depicted on Figure 2.

As part of the reconnaissance effort, Terraquest also searched for any surface water bodies
within a 500-foot radius of the site. An unnamed tributary of Big Branch originates off the
western property boundary of the site and is located within 500 feet of the source area. The NC
Division of Water Quality (DWQ) classifies Big Branch as a Water Supply-IV “Waters used as
sources of water supply for drinking, culinary, or food processing purposes.” The unnamed
tributary of Big Branch is depicted on Figure 2.

4.0 REGIONAL GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY

The site is located in the Piedmont Physiographic Region of North Carolina. According to the
Geologic Map of North Carolina (Brown, et al, 1985), the site is located in the Charlotte Belt and
is underlain by mafic metavolcanic bedrock lithologies. On a regional scale, the Piedmont is
characterized by land with moderate relief and some areas of low relief hills and valleys.

Groundwater in the region is part of the Catawba River Basin. Regionally, groundwater flows to
the southwest and feeds into Big Branch Creek and ultimately Lake Norman. Big Branch Creek is
listed as a Water Supply IV surface water body at https://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-
resources/planning/classification-standards/classifications#DWRPrimaryClassification which
classifies surface water bodies with a WSIV classification as “sources of water supply for drinking,
culinary, or food processing.”

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 6 Troutman, Iredell County, NC
The site’s location in reference to nearby water bodies as provided by the NCDEQ at
https://ncdenr.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=6e125ad7628f494694e25
9c80dd64265 follows:

SITE
SITE

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 7 Troutman, Iredell County, NC
5.0 SITE GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY

ENCOUNTERED LITHOLOGY
The following lithologies were encountered at the site during the installation of soil borings and
the monitoring well network:

0 – 63’ BGL SILT (CL)
Mostly soft to medium-stiff (generally increasing consolidation with depth),
micaceous, red to brown to tan, with trace clay and characteristics of saprolite in
areas.

63-70’ BGL SAPROLITE
Mostly tan/brown heavily-weathered rock.

The drilling locations of the monitoring wells used to describe the lithology are depicted on Figure
3. Geologic cross sections of the site are based upon the soil boring logs are as follows:

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 8 Troutman, Iredell County, NC

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 9 Troutman, Iredell County, NC

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 10 Troutman, Iredell County, NC
LOCAL TOPOGRAPHY
The local topography is characterized by gently rolling, well rounded hills and long low ridges with
a few hundred feet of elevation difference between the hills and valleys. The majority of the
surrounding 1,000 feet of the site is mapped at approximately 800-900 feet above sea level. Local
topography is depicted in Figure 1.

LAND COVER/SURFACE DRAINAGE
The release area is currently overlain by asphalt as shown below. The property slopes to the
west, southwest behind the store where there are grass/gravel areas that precipitation can
infiltrate the ground.

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 11 Troutman, Iredell County, NC
6.0 SOIL ASSESSMENT

Through the 2017 Site Check, 2018 LSA, the 2019 UST closure, the 2019 over-excavation, and the
CSA, a total of fifty-seven samples were collected to delineate the extent of soil contamination.

The area of STG MSCC violation is generally centered on the UST basin with a smaller area around
the northern dispenser island. The volume of contamination is a sum of these two areas. With
an average depth to water of 31 feet in monitoring wells near the UST basin in April 2019, the
calculated tonnage at the site includes 1,220 tons near the basin and 15 tons at the northern
dispenser area.

The area is shown here:

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 12 Troutman, Iredell County, NC
Note that Terraquest had discussions with the NCDWM-UST in 2019 prior to and during the UST
closure regarding further excavation of contaminated soil as it was exposed and readily available
to dig out. Ultimately, the Trust Fund did not authorize additional excavation. The RP chose to
dig out an additional 94.66 tons in the southwest direction from the UST basin as it extended
away in the direction where over six feet of product has been gauged. The limits of excavation
in the sloping direction of product flow were all still above the STG MSCCs including some
material that could have been excavated that was above the Residential MSCCs. Again,
Terraquest’s request to dig this material out was denied.

7.0 GROUNDWATER QUALITY

Monitoring Well Network

Throughout various phases of assessment, a total of fourteen monitoring wells have been
installed to delineate groundwater quality. Those wells include thirteen Type II wells and one
Type III telescoping deep well. The well locations are shown on Figure 3, their construction is
detailed on Table 4.

Groundwater Sampling

Recent groundwater sampling events include the following:

January 18, 2023 MW1-11,13-17, WSW1, WSW2, WSW4
January 20, 2023 MW12
March 21, 2023 WSW1, WSW4, and WSW5
March 29, 2023 WSW2, MW18, MW19, and MW20
May 2, 2023 MW21, MW22
July, 2023 WSW1, WSW2, WSW4, WSW5
October 25, 2023 WSW1, WSW2, WSW4, WSW5

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 13 Troutman, Iredell County, NC
The most recent comprehensive groundwater sampling event was conducted on January 18,
2023. Note that new gravel had been placed over monitoring well MW12, so field personnel had
to return with a metal detector and locate and sample the well on January 20, 2023. Monitoring
wells MW2, 3, MW15, MW16, and MW17 contained free product and were not sampled during
the January event. Access agreements were sent to all water supply well owners prior to entry
onto their property. The owner at water supply well WSW3 will not allow sampling of that well.

Prior to sampling, Terraquest field personnel purged at least three well volumes of water from
each well using a new disposable bailer that was then used to retrieve a representative sample.
Water supply wells were purged at a spigot located as close to the wellhead as possible that was
allowed to flow for sufficient time to purge and bladder tanks and allow for the collection of a
representative sample directly into containers. Upon collection, samples were placed on ice
pending transit to an NC-certified laboratory for analysis. All wells were sampled for 6200B
targeting VOCs found in the subject contaminant, gasoline.

In addition to the presence of free product, the analytical results of the sampling events reveal
an oval-shaped plume that begins at the northern dispenser island UST basin and extends
downgradient past monitoring wells MW18 and MW19. The 2L Standard violation plume,
applicable to this High Risk site, measures 270 feet long by 100 feet across at the widest point
and covers an area of 21,000 square feet. The groundwater analytical results are summarized in
Table 5 and on Figure 4.

8.0 FREE PRODUCT AND RECOVERY EFFORTS

Discovery:
Prior to developing monitoring wells MW2 – MW4 on June 19, 2018, monitoring wells were
visually checked for the presence of free product with a bailer prior to their development. At
that time, free product was observed in monitoring well MW2. Product was subsequently

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 14 Troutman, Iredell County, NC
discovered in monitoring well MW2 on May 9, 2022, MW15 on September 23, 2021, MW16 on
September 23, 2020, and in monitoring well MW17 on March 22, 2021.

Historical groundwater elevations and product thicknesses are detailed in Appendix C.

MW16 7/10/23 before MMPE:

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 15 Troutman, Iredell County, NC
Initial recovery:
Initial MMPE events were conducted for this release incident as authorized on ePATAs 40784-
002 and on 40784-007. Both five-day events focused on free product removal from the sole well
that it has been gauged in, MW2. MMPE services was provided by Zava Industrial, Inc. for the
October 22-26, 2018 event and by EarthX, Inc. for the April 22-26, 2019 event. The October 2018
event was successful in removing 4,041 gallons of liquid and the April 2019 event recovered 3,461
gallons. The October event reported emissions of 56.86 gallons and the April 2019 event had
64.23 gallons reported.

Free product delineation:
Following a high-resolution study conducted in June 2020, additional monitoring wells MW15,
MW16, and MW17 were installed by an NC-licensed driller on September 22-23, 2020 at
previously selected locations validated by the high-res data. Their locations around MW2 are
shown on the enclosed Figure 3. Table 4 shows well construction details. The screen intervals
were extended above the water table on all three wells to capture the product at shallower
depths as is typical well construction policy.

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 16 Troutman, Iredell County, NC
The high-resolution study identified higher concentrations within the analyzed area as follows:

MW2

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 17 Troutman, Iredell County, NC
Product locations and water table fluctuations:
As apparent from water table fluctuations and data from the high resolution study, several areas
of free product are present vertically at the site. Greater product thicknesses were noted when
the water table is lower. The majority of free-phase product is located 30 to 40 feet BGL.
Supporting information is as follows:

Date
MW2 Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
6/25/2018 6.25 61.95
10/22/2018 7.05 62.60
12/3/2018 5.63 63.68
4/22/2019 4.11 66.83
7/24/2019 2.85 67.06
9/23/2020 4.12 67.11
3/22/2021 3.08 69.56
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
60.00 62.00 64.00 66.00 68.00 70.00
MW2 Free Product Thickness (feet)

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 18 Troutman, Iredell County, NC
Free product evaluation:
On September 23, 2020, Terraquest personnel used a disposable bailer to remove product from
monitoring well MW2 and subsequently record the rate of its return as requested by the
NCDWM-UST. Personnel bailed product from an initial thickness of 4.12 feet at static conditions
to a thickness of 0.25 feet that repeatedly showed up through several bails. As product was
bailed from the well, it was temporarily placed into a 5-gallon bucket at the well. When that
bucket filled, the contents were transferred to a transport can during which time the well would
fill back up with 6-8" of product. Complete removal of the product was not possible. In total,
over six gallons of product were removed through the efforts and later disposed of offsite in an
environmentally-sound manner. In summary, those efforts amount to a six-gallon recovery via
hand bailing in half an hour. Following the half-hour of bailing, the rate of return was recorded
for two hours following the bailing as detailed in tabular and graphical form:

Time
Top of
Casing
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Product from
Top of Casing
(feet)
Depth to
Water from
Top of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation (feet)Comments
Type II Groundwater Monitoring Well
9:15:00 AM 97.83 28.58 32.70 4.12 68.14
9:45:00 AM 97.83 29.83 30.08 0.25 67.93
9:50:00 AM 97.83 29.69 30.00 0.31 68.06
9:55:00 AM 97.83 29.65 30.00 0.35 68.09
10:00:00 AM 97.83 29.66 30.05 0.39 68.06
10:05:00 AM 97.83 29.63 30.02 0.39 68.09
10:10:00 AM 97.83 29.60 29.97 0.37 68.13
10:15:00 AM 97.83 29.58 29.95 0.37 68.15
10:20:00 AM 97.83 29.55 29.94 0.39 68.17
10:25:00 AM 97.83 29.55 29.94 0.39 68.17
10:30:00 AM 97.83 29.55 29.95 0.40 68.17
10:35:00 AM 97.83 29.55 29.94 0.39 68.17
10:40:00 AM 97.83 29.55 29.95 0.40 68.17
10:45:00 AM 97.83 29.55 29.95 0.40 68.17
10:50:00 AM 97.83 29.55 29.94 0.39 68.17
10:55:00 AM 97.83 29.54 29.95 0.41 68.18
11:00:00 AM 97.83 29.54 29.95 0.41 68.18
11:05:00 AM 97.83 29.53 29.94 0.41 68.19
11:10:00 AM 97.83 29.52 29.94 0.42 68.20
11:15:00 AM 97.83 29.52 29.93 0.41 68.20
11:20:00 AM 97.83 29.51 29.93 0.42 68.21
11:25:00 AM 97.83 29.50 29.92 0.42 68.22
11:30:00 AM 97.83 29.50 29.92 0.42 68.22
11:35:00 AM 97.83 29.50 29.92 0.42 68.22
11:40:00 AM 97.83 29.49 29.92 0.43 68.22
11:45:00 AM 97.83 29.48 29.91 0.43 68.23
11:50:00 AM 97.83 29.48 29.90 0.42 68.24
11:55:00 AM 97.83 29.48 29.90 0.42 68.24
12:00:00 PM 97.83 29.48 29.90 0.42 68.24
Product removed from well with disposable bailer for half an hour. Could not remove product to a thickness less than 3". Removed product was placed into a 5-gallon bucket. When that
bucket was transferred to a transport can, the well would fill back up with 6-8" of product. Complete removal of the product was not possible.
0.23
0.28
0.33
0.38
0.43
0.48
9:45:00 AM9:50:00 AM9:55:00 AM10:00:00 AM10:05:00 AM10:10:00 AM10:15:00 AM10:20:00 AM10:25:00 AM10:30:00 AM10:35:00 AM10:40:00 AM10:45:00 AM10:50:00 AM10:55:00 AM11:00:00 AM11:05:00 AM11:10:00 AM11:15:00 AM11:20:00 AM11:25:00 AM11:30:00 AM11:35:00 AM11:40:00 AM11:45:00 AM11:50:00 AM11:55:00 AM12:00:00 PMFree Product Thickness (feet)
Free Product Thickness (feet)

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 19 Troutman, Iredell County, NC
Additional recovery efforts:
On April 10, 2023, Terraquest supervised the start of an MMPE event to recover free product.
Vacuum services were provided by EarthX, Inc. The event began on Monday, April 10, 2023 and
lasted through Friday, April 14, 2023. Vacuum was applied to monitoring wells MW2, MW3,
MW15, MW16, and MW17 throughout the event. A total of 7,155 gallons of a mix of free product
and contaminated groundwater were recovered through the event. An additional 27.29 gallons
was emitted through the exhaust stack.

On July 10, 2023, Terraquest supervised the start of an MMPE event to recover free product.
Vacuum services were provided by EarthX, Inc. The event began on Monday, July 10, 2023 and
lasted through Friday, July 14, 2023. Due to the excessive outdoor temperatures, the unit shut
off several times and overall recovery was lower than previous events have been. Vacuum was
applied to monitoring wells MW2, MW3, MW15, MW16, and MW17 throughout the event. A
total of 1,000 gallons of a mix of free product and contaminated groundwater were recovered
through the event. An additional 19.68 gallons was emitted through the exhaust stack.

Recent recovery efforts:
On November 13, 2023, Terraquest supervised the start of an MMPE event to recover free
product. Vacuum services were provided by EarthX, Inc. The event began on Monday, November
13, 2023 and lasted through Friday, November 17, 2023. Vacuum was applied to monitoring
wells MW2, MW3, MW15, MW16, and MW17 throughout the event. A total of 6,991 gallons of
a mix of free product and contaminated groundwater were recovered through the event. An
additional 22.64 gallons was emitted through the exhaust stack as shown in Appendix D that
includes a waste disposal manifest.

9.0 CONCLUSIONS / RECOMMENDATIONS

Free product was successfully recovered via MMPE in November 2023 at the Perth Mini Mart
release incident that remains a High Risk. The risk ranking is based on the presence of nineteen

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 20 Troutman, Iredell County, NC
active, sole-source water supply wells within 1,000 feet of the source area. Free product has
been gauged in five different groundwater monitoring wells at historic thicknesses as great as
seven feet. The 2L Standard violation plume covers an area measuring 270 feet long by 100 feet
across.

A Record of Decision has been signed by all parties and costs have been pre-approved for the
remedial well installation and treatment system equipment and installation purchase. Those
activities are being scheduled.

10.0 LIMITATIONS

This report is limited to the investigation of petroleum-type compounds and does not imply that
other unforeseen adverse impacts to the environment are not present at the facility. In addition,
subsurface heterogeneities not identified during the current study may influence the migration
of groundwater or contaminants in unpredicted ways. The limited amount of sampling and
testing conducted during this study cannot practically reveal all subsurface heterogeneities.
Furthermore, the subsurface conditions, particularly groundwater flow, elevations, and water
quality may very through time. The opinions and conclusions arrived at in this report are in
accordance with industry-accepted geologic and hydrogeologic practices at this time and
location. No warranty is implied or intended.

Free Product Recovery Report (11/2023 event) Perth Mini Mart
By: Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C. 818 Perth Road
Date: December 4, 2023 21 Troutman, Iredell County, NC
REFERENCES

Brown, et al., 1985. Geologic Map of North Carolina, North Carolina. Department of Natural
Resources and Community Development, 1:500,000 scale.

TABLES

Table 1
Date: 12/4/23 Facility ID No: 0-0024524
Capacity
UST Product (Gallons)Release Discovered
T1 Gasoline 6,000 3/4/80 2/25/19 Yes
T2 Gasoline 6,000 3/4/80 2/25/19 Yes
T3 Gasoline 4,000 3/4/80 2/25/19 Yes
T4 Non-ethanol gasoline*2,000 3/4/80 2/19/19 No
AST1 Diesel 2,000 unknown Active No
T5**Gasoline 12,000 2/27/19 Active No
T6**Gasoline 12,000 2/27/19 Active No
Notes:
1. Information obtained from the North Carolina UST Database Records and field observations.
2. * Tank T4 held diesel fuel until its conversion to non-ethanol gasoline in 2018.
3. ** Tanks are compartmentalized.
4. Tanks T1-T4 were of single-walled steel construction. T5 and T6 are double-walled fiberglass.
Active USTs/AST
SITE HISTORY (UST/AST SYSTEM INFORMATION)
Incident Name: Perth Mini Mart Incident No. 40784
Date Installed Date Closed
Closed USTs
Table 2
Date: 12/4/23 Facility ID: 0-0024524Tax Parcel Number
(PIN Number)Property Owner Property Owner Address Property Address
Pennell, Gary & Sherry PO Box 712 131 Weddington Lane
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Tsitouris, Steve & Michael 569 Autumn Leaf Road 569 Autumn Leaf Road
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Geiger, Lee and Katie 782 Perth Road 782 Perth Road
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
TCJ Development, LLC PO Box 3395 803 Perth Road
Mooresville, NC 28117 Troutman, NC 28166
Thompson, Wayne PO Box 236 858 Perth Road
et al Claremont, NC 28610 Troutman, NC 28166
Madhukunj, LLC 135 Corona Circle 818 Perth Road
Mooresville, NC 28115 Troutman, NC 28166
Notes:
1. Information gathered from field interviews and Iredell County Geographic Information System.
2. Last 4 digits of MAP ID numbers correspond with those displayed on Figure 2.
SURROUNDING PROPERTY OWNERS
Incident Name: Perth Mini Mart Incident No.: 40784
SITE
4730-63-9494
4730-69-9930
4730-79-2000
4730-79-2777
4730-79-4555
4731-50-7091
Table 3
Date: 12/4/23 Facility ID: 0-0024524
Well Depth Type Casing Depth Screen Interval Distance from Source
Well ID No. Well Owner/Address Well Address Well Use (feet BGS)of Well (feet BGS)(feet BGS)Area of Release (feet)
Madhukunj, LLC
WSW1 135 Corona Circle 818 Perth Road Active 170 Drilled 95 95-170 107
Mooresville, NC 28115 Troutman, NC 28166 (minnow tank in store)
Tsitouris, Steve & Michael
WSW2 569 Autumn Leaf Road 569 Autumn Leaf Road Secondary Source uknown Drilled uknown uknown 447
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
TCJ Development
WSW3 PO Box 3395 562 Autumn Leaf Road Inactive uknown Drilled uknown uknown 464
Mooresville, NC 28117 Troutman, NC 28166
Pennell, Gary & Sherry
WSW4 PO Box 712 117 Weddington Lane Sole Source unknown Drilled uknown uknown 384
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Upright, Renny & Debbie
WSW5 547 Autumn Leaf Road 547 Autumn Leaf Road Sole Source uknown Drilled uknown uknown 614
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
TCJ Development
WSW6 PO Box 3395 795 Perth Road Sole Source uknown Drilled uknown uknown 541
Mooresville, NC 28117 Troutman, NC 28166
Grant, Nancy & Jeffrey
WSW7 782 Perth Road 782 Perth Road Sole Source uknown Drilled uknown uknown 582
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Pennell, Gary & Sherry
WSW8 PO Box 712 131 Weddington Lane Sole Source 90 Drilled unknown unknown 534
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Thompson, K. Wayne
WSW9 PO Box 886 858 Perth Road Sole Source 300 Drilled unknown unknown 679
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Thompson, Tommy
WSW10 855 Perth Road 105 Spicewood Circle Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 595
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Geiger, Lee
WSW11 533 Autumn Leaf Road 533 Autumn Leaf Road Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 923
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
TCJ Development
WSW12 PO Box 3395 532 Autumn Leaf Road Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 1000
Mooresville, NC 28117 Troutman, NC 28166
Brown, Gertrude P Heirs
WSW13 9117 J Ruth Street 785 Perth Road Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 1148
Mount Pleasant, NC 28124 Troutman, NC 28166
Weber, Glenn & Rozelle
WSW14 765 Perth Road 765 Perth Road Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 1267
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Weber, Glenn & Rozelle
WSW15 765 Perth Road 765 Perth Road Inactive unknown Bored unknown unknown 1192
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Cowan, Hugh
WSW16 755 Perth Road 755 Perth Road Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 1322
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166 2-inch
Cowan, Hugh
WSW17 755 Perth Road 755 Perth Road Inactive unknown Bored unknown unknown 1313
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Weber, Glenn & Rozelle
WSW18 765 Perth Road 106 Weddington Lane Inactive unknown Drilled unknown unknown 1098
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166 2-inch
Wagner, Betty etal
WSW19 2795 Westonridge Dr.129 Weddington Lane Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 659
Cincinnati, OH 45239 Troutman, NC 28166
Wagner, Betty & Michael
WSW20 PO Box 464 120 Weddington Lane Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 916
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Guentner, Gregory & Julie
WSW21 397 Isle of Pines Road 146 Weddington Lane Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 833
Mooresville, NC 28115 Troutman, NC 28166 2-inch
Coffey, Robert & Rebecca
WSW22 PO Box 1094 165 Weddington Lane Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 826
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
American IRA, LLC
WSW23 242 Templeton Road 104 Spicewood Circle Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 814
Mooresville, NC 28117 Troutman, NC 28166
Haynes, Larry
WSW24 118 Spicewood Circle 118 Spicewood Circle Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 893
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Neel, Henry
WSW25 PO Box 245 123 Spicewood Circle Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 731
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Sherrill, Shirley
WSW26 PO Box 73 129 Spicewood Circle Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 780
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Phelps, Gary
WSW27 147 Spicewood Circle 147 Spicewood Circle Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 830
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Shoemaker, Nancy
WSW28 151 Spicewood Circle 151 Spicewood Circle Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 880
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Davis, Shelly
WSW29 153 Spicewood Circle 153 Spicewood Circle Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 1,131
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Gilleland, Marilyn
WSW30 294 Spicewood Circle 294 Spicewood Circle Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 1,019
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Sparrow, Warner
WSW31 104 Nutmeg Lane 104 Nutmeg Lane Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 1,088
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Wilcox, Robert
WSW32 138 Spicewood Circle 138 Spicewood Circle Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 1,050
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Wittie, Richard
WSW33 171 Spicewood Circle 171 Spicewood Circle Sole Source unknown Drilled unknown unknown 1,475
Troutman, NC 28166 Troutman, NC 28166
Notes:
1. "BGS" = feet below ground surface, .
2. Information obtained from Terraquest field interviews & Iredell County GIS
3. Well ID numbers are displayed on Figure 2.
WATER SUPPLY WELL INFORMATION
Incident Name: Perth Mini Mart Incident No.: 40784
Table 4
Date: 12/4/23 Facility ID: 0-0024524
Well ID Date Installed
Date Water
Level
Measured
Screened Interval (x
to y feet BGS)
Bottom of Well
(feet BGS)
Top of
Casing
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to Water
from Top of
Casing (feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation (feet)Comments
MW2 6/18/18 11/13/23 30-50 50 97.83 37.18 3.47 63.18 Type II Groundwater Monitoring Well
MW3 6/18/18 11/13/23 30-50 50 98.54 35.24 0.78 63.87 Type II Groundwater Monitoring Well
MW15 9/22/20 11/13/23 25-45 45 97.25 34.42 0.53 63.22 Type II Groundwater Monitoring Well
MW16 9/22/20 11/13/23 25-45 45 97.38 36.90 3.63 63.13 Type II Groundwater Monitoring Well
MW17 9/22/20 11/13/23 20-45 45 98.41 35.45 0.58 63.38 Type II Groundwater Monitoring Well
Notes:
1. "BGS" = below ground surface
2. "-" information not available
3. The groundwater elevations for monitoring wells with free product was corrected as follows: [Top of Casing Elevation - Depth to Water] + [Free Product Thickness x 0.7305]
30
25
25
20
MONITORING WELL CONSTRUCTION INFORMATION
Incident Name: Peth Mini Mart Incident No.: 40784
Well Casing Depth (feet
BGS)
PRE MMPE
30
Page 1 of 2
6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B/6256200B6200BWell ID Date Collected
MW1 1/22/18 484 2,500 476 2,890 <4.22 17.5 222 <4.50 <82 <<<<<<<2.22 65.8 <<<<<<<<<75.0 62 <2.35 <32.8
12/3/18 2,400 11,700 1,280 8,550 53.7 31.2 624 < 0.180 <156 < 0.0670 < 56.0 2.47 61.6 2.64 49.2 1.86 < 70.4 10.9 < 0.124 << 0.160 < 0.180 << 0.0600 3.34 < 3.00 124 32.2 <94.4
9/23/20 1,900 7,610 978 5,090 76.8 70 649 <<110 << 25.8 << 54.3 < 8.73 < 55.3 < 8.39 886 <<<< 9.54 << 9.31 << 8.40 28,400 153 66/77.7 <88.8
5/9/22 380 309 78 273 < 0.220 2.68 37 < 0.230 <9.38 < 0.640 < 2.60 < 0.570 < 1.40 < 0.560 < 1.80 < 0.710 < 10.0 < 0.540 < 0.210 << 1.00 < 0.240 < 0.850 0.795 0.917 < 24.0 32.3 < 3.00 <8.23
1/18/23 728 1,170 71.6 1,040 < 2.20 7.22 112 << 1.90 32.1 << 26.0 <<<<<<<< 5.00 < 1.50 < 10.0 < 2.40 <<<< 240 37.4 < 30.0 < 7.60 < 6.90
MW2 6/25/18
10/22/18
vac on MW2 10/22-26/18
10/26/18
12/3/18
4/22/19
vac on MW2 4/22-26/19
4/26/19
4/30/19
vac on MW2 10/7-11/19
9/23/20
vac on MW2 3/22-26/21
5/9/22
1/18/23
vac on MW2 4/10-14/2023
4/10/23
4/14/23
vac on MW2 7/10-14/23
7/10/23
7/14/23
pre-MMPE 11/13/23
MW3 6/25/18 2,920 7,210 718 3,630 <33.8 <18.4 316 <36.0 <114 <<56.0 <<<<<17.8 258 <<<<<<<<<600 <19.6 <18.8 <<13.0
12/3/18 1,850 5,510 542 2,919 35.9 15.1 283 < 0.180 <92 < 0.0670 < 28.0 < 0.0880 46.8 1.94 42.1 1.87 44.9 < 0.132 < 0.124 << 0.160 < 0.180 << 0.0600 2.51 < 3.00 29.5 16.3 <59.5
9/23/20 5,560 20,700 2060 11,060 78 64 1,220 <<338 <261 <194 < 17.5 < 111 < 16.8 1,460 <<<< 19.1 << 18.6 << 16.8 < 8,310 85 154/121 <180
5/9/22
1/18/23
vac on MW3 4/10-14/2023
4/10/23
4/14/23
vac on MW3 7/10-14/23
7/10/23
7/14/23
pre-MMPE 11/13/23
MW4 6/25/18 2,510 8,180 1,460 7,550 <16.9 <9.2 667 <18.0 <222 <646 <<<<< 8.9 423 <<<<<<<<<300 71 <9.4 <122
12/3/18 3,290 19,900 1,920 10,510 18.5 32.6 852 < 0.180 <260 1.67 < 56.0 < 0.0880 79.2 12.1 61.7 3.05 < 70.4 < 0.132 < 0.124 <8.06 < 0.180 << 0.0600 5.99 < 3.00 < 19.6 9.24 <162
9/23/20 1,190 3,880 552 3,139 < 3.95 8.6 407 <<132 <110 << 43.5 22.4 < 44.2 < 6.71 1,060 <<<16.4 << 7.45 << 6.72 < 3,320 51 11/6.32 <77.2
5/9/22 384 479 92.6 441 < 0.440 0.882 55.7 < 0.460 <22.1 < 1.28 29 < 1.14 < 2.80 < 1.12 < 3.60 < 1.42 85.8 < 1.08 < 1.00 <2.69 < 0.480 < 1.70 < 1.52 < 1.40 < 48.0 11 < 6.00 <15.2
1/18/23 1,920 1,620 430 2,330 < 2.20 14.3 217 << 1.90 87.1 <32.6 <<<<<<<< 5.00 < 1.50 < 10.0 < 2.40 <<<< 240 42.1 < 30.0 7.85 47.9
MW5 12/3/18 1,920 403 93 1,170 171 3.42 170 < 0.180 <84.7 < 0.0670 < 0.280 < 0.0880 23.7 < 0.0900 25.3 2.05 72.6 < 0.132 < 0.124 << 0.160 < 0.180 << 0.0600 3.15 < 3.00 30.8 18.1 <35.3
9/23/20 8,220 8,880 931 4,390 41.8 29.5 503 <<153 << 25.8 <135 < 8.73 119 < 8.39 944 <<<< 9.54 << 9.31 << 8.40 < 4.150 29.8 39.8/32.4 <76.8
5/9/22 5,290 20,800 1,700 10,500 199 39 935 < 23.0 <254 < 64.0 474 < 57.0 < 140 < 56.0 < 180 < 71.0 < 1,000 < 54.0 < 50.0 << 100 < 24.0 < 85.0 < 76.0 < 70.0 < 2,400 68.5 < 300 <113
1/18/23 6,610 28,200 1,810 11,700 250 82.3 642 << 38.0 210 << 520 <<<<<<<< 100 < 30.0 < 200 < 48.0 <<<< 4800 < 106 < 600 < 152 < 138
MW6 12/3/18 1,070 824 205 1,069 6.34 3.5 140 < 0.180 <27.6 < 0.0670 < 0.280 < 0.0880 10.2 < 0.0900 6.74 1.03 < 0.352 < 0.132 < 0.124 << 0.160 < 0.180 << 0.0600 < 0.0920 < 3.00 9.02 52.8 <19.6
9/23/20 2,780 8,340 1,750 9,810 82.2 16.6 1,740 <<532 <178 <163 < 6.98 95 < 6.71 1,170 <<<< 7.63 << 7.45 <9 < 3,320 112 350/199 <278
5/9/22 5,440 5,810 580 2,590 41.6 32.4 285 < 11.5 <121 < 32.0 < 130 < 28.5 < 70.0 < 28.0 < 90.0 < 35.5 < 500 < 27.0 < 25.0 << 50.0 < 12.0 < 42.5 < 38.0 < 35.0 < 1,200 < 26.5 < 150 <37.5
1/18/23 9,050 14,100 1,370 7,170 58.8 72.3 842 << 19.0 341 << 260 <<<<<<<< 50.0 < 15.0 < 100 < 24.0 <<<< 2400 < 53.0 < 300 < 76.0 106
MW7 12/3/18 28.2 42.7 12.3 55.4 < 0.169 < 0.0920 3.35 < 0.180 <3.91 < 0.0670 14.2 < 0.0880 11.5 < 0.0900 11.5 < 0.0890 6.96 < 0.132 < 0.124 << 0.160 < 0.180 << 0.0600 < 0.0920 < 3.00 0.93 < 0.0940 <1.09
9/23/20 297 156 61.2 542.1 < 0.198 0.93 43.2 <<22.1 <38.6 <16.1 < 0.349 56.4 0.37 < 4.53 <<<0.54 << 0.372 <0.83 < 166 11.7 < 0.256/< 0.542 <12.4
5/9/22 1.87 < 0.410 < 0.500 < 1.60 < 0.220 < 0.200 < 0.820 < 0.230 << 0.560 < 0.640 < 2.60 < 0.570 < 1.40 < 0.560 < 1.80 < 0.710 < 10.0 < 0.540 < 0.500 << 1.00 < 0.240 < 0.850 < 0.760 < 0.700 < 24.0 < 0.530 < 3.00 << 0.690
1/18/23 0.407 < 0.410 < 0.500 < 1.60 < 0.220 < 0.200 < 0.820 << 0.190 < 0.560 << 2.60 <<<<<<<< 0.500 < 0.150 < 1.00 < 0.240 <<<< 24.0 < 0.530 < 3.00 < 0.760 < 0.690
MW8 12/3/18 202 88 45.8 206.3 < 0.169 0.97 24.2 < 0.180 <6.87 < 0.0670 < 0.280 < 0.0880 5.74 < 0.0900 3.79 < 0.0890 < 0.352 < 0.132 < 0.124 << 0.160 < 0.180 << 0.0600 < 0.0920 < 3.00 1.74 < 0.0940 <4.73
9/23/20 407 61.6 73.8 423 5.04 11.2 123 <<61.2 <20.5 <31.3 < 0.698 19.5 < 0.671 90.1 <<<1.46 << 0.745 <0.8 < 332 6.4 418/2.39 <11.9
5/9/22 2 < 0.500 < 0.500 2.02 0.887 1.68 < 0.820 < 0.230 <3.09 < 0.640 < 2.60 < 0.570 < 1.40 < 0.560 < 1.80 < 0.710 < 10.0 < 0.540 < 0.500 << 1.00 < 0.240 < 0.850 < 0.760 < 0.700 < 24.0 < 0.530 < 3.00 << 0.690
1/18/23 44.7 < 0.410 < 0.500 4.26 < 0.220 0.766 < 0.820 << 0.190 0.699 << 2.60 <<<<<<<< 0.500 < 0.150 < 1.00 < 0.240 <<<< 24.0 < 0.530 < 3.00 < 0.760 < 0.690
MW9 12/3/18 < 0.119 5.84 0.79 3.75 < 0.169 < 0.0920 < 0.103 < 0.180 << 0.0870 < 0.0670 < 0.280 < 0.0880 < 0.320 < 0.0900 < 0.253 < 0.0890 < 0.352 < 0.132 < 0.124 << 0.160 < 0.180 << 0.0600 < 0.0920 < 3.00 < 0.0980 < 0.0940 << 0.0650
9/23/20 < 0.388 < 0.366 < 0.355 < 0.359 < 0.198 < 0.359 0.34 <<< 0.352 << 1.03 << 2.17 < 0.349 < 2.21 < 0.336 < 4.53 <<<< 0.382 <1.77 << 0.336 < 166 < 0.363 < 0.256/< 0.542 << 0.307
6/1/22 < 0.130 < 0.410 < 0.500 < 1.60 < 0.220 < 0.200 < 0.820 <<< 0.560 << 2.60 << 1.40 < 0.560 < 1.80 < 0.710 < 10.0 <<<< 1.00 <<<< 0.700 < 24.0 < 0.530 < 3.00 << 0.690
1/18/23 < 0.130 < 0.410 < 0.500 < 1.60 < 0.220 < 0.200 < 0.820 << 0.190 < 0.560 << 2.60 <<<<<<<< 0.500 < 0.150 < 1.00 < 0.240 <<<< 24.0 < 0.530 < 3.00 < 0.760 < 0.690
MW10 12/3/18 < 0.119 2.46 0.75 3.51 < 0.169 < 0.0920 0.63 < 0.180 << 0.0870 < 0.0670 < 0.280 < 0.0880 < 0.320 < 0.0900 < 0.253 < 0.0890 < 0.352 < 0.132 < 0.124 << 0.160 < 0.180 << 0.0600 < 0.0920 < 3.00 < 0.0980 < 0.0940 << 0.0650
9/23/20 35.4 0.38 9.65 69 < 0.198 < 0.359 8.76 <<2.52 << 1.03 << 2.17 < 0.349 9.92 < 0.336 < 4.53 <<<0.78 <0.86 << 0.336 < 166 3.96 < 0.256/< 0.542 <1.55
6/1/22 17.1 < 0.410 1.73 23.1 < 0.220 0.419 2.7 <<0.561 << 2.60 << 1.40 < 0.560 < 1.80 < 0.710 < 10.0 <<<< 1.00 <<<< 0.700 < 24.0 2.02 < 3.00 << 0.690
1/18/23 1.34 < 0.410 < 0.500 1.7 < 0.220 < 0.200 < 0.820 << 0.190 < 0.560 << 2.60 <<<<<<<< 0.500 < 0.150 < 1.00 < 0.240 <<<< 24.0 < 0.530 < 3.00 < 0.760 < 0.690
Table 5 HISTORICAL SUMMARY OF GROUNDWATER SAMPLING RESULTS
Contaminant of Concern
DichlorofluoromethaneMTBEIPEBenzeneTolueneEthylbenzeneTotal Xylenes1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene1,4-Dichlorobenzene2-Butanone (MEK)2-Chlorotoluene2-HexanoneNaphthalenen-Butylbenzenen-PropylbenzeneChlorobenzeneChloroformAnalytical Method
Incident Name: Perth Mini Mart Incident No.: 40784
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene1,2-Dibromoethane (EDB)1,2-DichloroethaneNO PRODUCT
MMPE EVENT
NO PRODUCT
MMPE EVENT
Free Product (0.33')
Free Product (0.05')
Free Product (0.18')
Free Product (4.12')
MMPE EVENT
Free Product (3.69')IsopropylbenzeneEthanol4-Chlorotoluene4-Methyl-2-pentanone (MIBK)4-IsopropyltolueneAcetoneBromobenzeneBromodichloromethaneDibromochloromethanen-ButylbenzeneSec-ButylbenzeneFree Product (6.25')
Free Product (7.05')
MMPE EVENT
NO PRODUCT
Free Product (5.63')
NO PRODUCT
Free Product (0.69')
Free Product (0.28')
Free Product (0.3')
MMPE EVENT
Free Product (0.9')
Free Product (4.43')
MMPE EVENT
MMPE EVENT
Free Product (1.43')
Free Product (2.97')
Free Product (4.11')
MMPE EVENT
Free Product (3.47')
Free Product (0.78')
Page 2 of 2
6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B6200B/6256200B6200BWell ID Date Collected
Table 5 HISTORICAL SUMMARY OF GROUNDWATER SAMPLING RESULTS
Contaminant of Concern
DichlorofluoromethaneMTBEIPEBenzeneTolueneEthylbenzeneTotal Xylenes1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene1,4-Dichlorobenzene2-Butanone (MEK)2-Chlorotoluene2-HexanoneNaphthalenen-Butylbenzenen-PropylbenzeneChlorobenzeneChloroformAnalytical Method
Incident Name: Perth Mini Mart Incident No.: 40784
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene1,2-Dibromoethane (EDB)1,2-DichloroethaneIsopropylbenzeneEthanol4-Chlorotoluene4-Methyl-2-pentanone (MIBK)4-IsopropyltolueneAcetoneBromobenzeneBromodichloromethaneDibromochloromethanen-ButylbenzeneSec-ButylbenzeneMW11 12/3/18 1.73 3.22 0.61 3.19 < 0.169 < 0.0920 0.54 < 0.180 << 0.0870 < 0.0670 7.4 < 0.0880 < 0.320 < 0.0900 < 0.253 < 0.0890 27.8 < 0.132 3.02 <13.4 1.27 << 0.0600 < 0.0920 < 3.00 < 0.0980 < 0.0940 << 0.0650
9/23/20 10.9 < 0.366 < 0.355 28.89 < 0.198 < 0.359 3.88 <<< 0.352 << 1.03 << 2.17 < 0.349 < 2.21 < 0.336 < 4.53 <<<< 0.382 << 0.372 << 0.336 < 166 2.74 0.29/< 0.542 << 0.307
5/9/22 80.8 0.862 < 0.500 15.7 < 0.220 1.15 5.07 < 0.230 <1.01 < 0.640 < 2.60 < 0.570 < 1.40 < 0.560 < 1.80 < 0.710 < 10.0 < 0.540 < 0.500 << 1.00 < 0.240 < 0.850 < 0.760 < 0.700 < 24.0 4.51 < 3.00 << 0.690
1/18/23 251 < 0.820 < 1.00 19.4 0.818 2.39 5.34 << 0.380 < 1.12 << 5.20 <<<<<<<< 1.00 0.402 < 2.00 < 0.480 <<<< 48.0 10 < 6.00 < 1.52 < 1.38
MW12 4/30/19 < 0.119 < 0.0570 < 0.0920 < 0.122 3.48 < 0.0920 < 0.103 < 0.180 << 0.0870 < 0.0670 < 0.280 < 0.0880 < 0.320 < 0.0900 < 0.253 < 0.0890 < 0.352 < 0.132 < 0.124 << 0.160 < 0.180 << 0.0600 < 0.0920 < 3.00 < 0.0980 < 0.0940 << 0.0650
9/23/20 63.1 < 0.366 7.19 14.3 6.48 0.36 3.28 <<< 0.352 << 1.03 << 2.17 < 0.349 < 2.21 < 0.336 < 4.53 <<<< 0.382 << 0.372 << 0.336 < 166 0.37 0.27/ < 0.542 <0.61
5/9/22 369 1.54 < 0.500 71.9 6.03 1.1 12.7 < 0.230 << 0.560 < 0.640 < 2.60 < 0.570 < 1.40 < 0.560 < 1.80 < 0.710 < 10.0 < 0.540 < 0.500 << 1.00 < 0.240 < 0.850 < 0.760 < 0.700 < 24.0 1.52 < 3.00 <2.59
1/20/23 313 < 2.05 6.8 29.2 4.37 1.43 5.85 << 0.950 < 2.80 << 13.0 <<<<<<<< 2.50 < 0.750 < 5.00 < 1.20 <<<< 120 < 2.65 < 15.0 < 3.80 < 3.45
MW13 4/30/19 273 1.67 3.31 173.8 7.12 10.8 34.2 < 0.180 <2.42 < 0.0670 < 0.280 < 0.0880 < 0.320 < 0.0900 < 0.253 0.53 < 0.352 < 0.132 < 0.124 << 0.160 < 0.180 <1.9 0.65 < 3.00 11.3 6.57 <2.06
9/23/20 1.49 < 0.366 < 0.355 2.58 < 0.198 < 0.359 0.69 <<< 0.352 << 1.03 << 2.17 < 0.349 < 2.21 < 0.336 < 4.53 <<<< 0.382 << 0.372 << 0.336 < 166 < 0.363 < 0.256/< 0.542 << 0.307
5/9/22 427 8.67 11.3 247 9.72 4.28 31.9 < 0.460 <10.1 < 1.28 < 5.20 < 1.14 < 2.80 < 1.12 < 3.60 < 1.42 < 20.0 < 1.08 < 1.00 << 2.00 < 0.480 < 1.70 < 1.52 < 1.40 < 48.0 18 14.4 <61.1
1/18/23 504 5.29 5.17 151 9.01 5.94 18.8 << 0.950 11 << 13.0 <<<<<<<< 2.50 < 0.750 < 5.00 < 1.20 <<<< 120 22.8 < 15.0 < 3.80 < 3.45
MW14 4/30/19 < 0.119 < 0.0570 < 0.0920 < 0.122 < 0.169 < 0.0920 < 0.103 < 0.180 << 0.0870 < 0.0670 < 0.280 < 0.0880 < 0.320 < 0.0900 < 0.253 < 0.0890 < 0.352 < 0.132 < 0.124 << 0.160 < 0.180 << 0.0600 < 0.0920 < 3.00 < 0.0980 < 0.0940 << 0.0650
9/23/20 < 0.388 < 0.366 < 0.355 < 0.359 < 0.198 < 0.359 < 0.335 <<< 0.352 << 1.03 << 2.17 < 0.349 < 2.21 < 0.336 < 4.53 <<<< 0.382 << 0.372 << 0.336 < 166 < 0.363 < 0.256/< 0.542 << 0.307
5/9/22 0.794 0.414 < 0.500 < 1.60 < 0.220 < 0.200 < 0.820 < 0.230 << 0.560 < 0.640 < 2.60 < 0.570 < 1.40 < 0.560 < 1.80 < 0.710 < 10.0 < 0.540 < 0.500 << 1.00 < 0.240 < 0.850 < 0.760 < 0.700 < 24.0 < 0.530 < 3.00 << 0.690
1/18/23 < 0.130 < 0.410 < 0.500 < 1.60 < 0.220 < 0.200 < 0.820 <0.313 < 0.560 << 2.60 <<<<<<<< 0.500 < 0.150 < 1.00 < 0.240 <<<< 24.0 < 0.530 < 3.00 < 0.760 < 0.690
MW15 9/23/20 5,870 51,300 5,850 33,400 106 120 3,980 <<872 << 206 << 435 < 76.3 < 442 < 6.71 2,390 <<<< 76.3 << 74.5 << 67.2 < 33,200 598 490/335 <574
5/9/22 4,180 44,000 2,470 14,800 91.7 108 1,000 < 23.0 <227 < 64.0 288 < 57.0 < 140 < 56.0 < 180 < 71.0 < 1,000 < 54.0 < 50.0 << 100 < 24.0 < 85.0 < 76.0 < 70.0 23,200 145 < 300 <119
1/18/23
vac on MW15 4/10-14/2023
4/10/23
4/14/23
vac on MW15 7/10-14/23
7/10/23
7/14/23
pre-MMPE 11/13/23
MW16 9/23/20
vac on MW16 3/22-26/21
5/9/22
1/18/23
vac on MW16 4/10-14/2023
4/10/23
4/14/23
vac on MW16 7/10-14/23
7/10/23
7/14/23
pre-MMPE 11/13/23
MW17 9/23/20 5,540 41,700 4,190 24,380 504 300 2,770 <597 <1,000 << 109 < 17.5 < 111 < 16.8 1,860 <<<< 19.1 << 18.6 << 16.8 34,200 469 357/246 377
vac on MW17 3/22-26/21
5/9/22 6,920 49,400 3,480 20,900 352 216 1,360 < 46.0 312 < 128 761 < 114 < 280 < 112 < 360 < 142 < 2,000 < 108 < 100 << 200 < 48.0 < 170 < 152 < 140 80,300 220 < 600 175
1/18/23 Free product gauged in well - meter would not produce accurate reading
vac on MW17 4/10-14/2023
4/10/23
4/14/23
vac on MW17 7/10-14/23
7/10/23
7/14/23
pre-MMPE 11/13/23
MW18 3/29/23 13.2 < 0.410 < 0.500 < 1.60 2.38 0.212 J <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
MW19 3/29/23 90.3 0.414 J < 0.500 12 4.91 3.68 1.7 <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<1.37 <<<
MW21 5/2/23 22.5 < 0.900 < 0.500 2.71 J 1.86 0.998 J <<<<<<<<<<< 0.710 <<<<<<<<< 0.700 <<< 0.300 < 0.760 < 0.690
MW22 5/2/23 < 0.500 < 0.900 < 0.500 < 1.60 0.747 J < 0.200 <<<<<<<<<<< 0.710 <<<<<<<<< 0.700 <<< 0.300 < 0.760 < 0.690
MW20 3/29/23 179 4.12 23.8 220 3.65 7.99 24.6 <<4.95 <<<<<<0.82 J 30 <<<1.41 <<<1.23 <34.7 28.9 1.67 6.6
WSW1 1/18/23 < 0.130 < 0.410 < 0.500 < 1.60 < 0.220 < 0.200 < 0.820 << 0.190 < 0.560 << 2.60 <<<<<<<3.47 < 0.150 14.4 0.438 <<<< 24.0 < 0.530 < 3.00 < 0.760 < 0.690
3/21/23 < 0.130 < 0.410 < 0.500 < 1.60 < 0.220 < 0.200 < 0.820 <<< 0.560 <<<<<<<<<4.15 <22.2 0.442 <<<<<<<<
7/10/23 < 0.500 < 0.900 < 0.500 < 1.60 < 0.220 < 0.200 <<<<<<<<<<<<<5.79 <46.3 0.697 <<<<<<<<
10/25/23 < 0.500 < 0.900 < 0.500 < 1.60 < 0.220 < 0.200 <<<<<<<<<<<<<3.35 <28.9 0.378 <<<<<<<<
WSW2 1/18/23 < 0.130 < 0.410 < 0.500 < 1.60 0.231 < 0.200 < 0.820 << 0.190 < 0.560 << 2.60 <<<<<<<< 0.500 < 0.150 < 1.00 < 0.240 <<<< 24.0 < 0.530 < 3.00 < 0.760 < 0.690
3/29/23 0.271 J < 0.410 < 0.500 < 1.60 < 0.220 < 0.200 <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
7/10/23 < 0.500 < 0.900 < 0.500 < 1.60 0.234 < 0.200 <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
10/25/23 < 0.500 < 0.900 < 0.500 < 1.60 < 0.220 < 0.200 <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
WSW4 1/18/23 < 0.130 < 0.410 < 0.500 < 1.60 < 0.220 < 0.200 < 0.820 << 0.190 < 0.560 << 2.60 <<<<<<<< 0.500 < 0.150 < 1.00 < 0.240 <<<< 24.0 < 0.530 < 3.00 < 0.760 < 0.690
3/21/23 < 0.130 < 0.410 < 0.500 < 1.60 < 0.220 < 0.200 < 0.820 <<< 0.560 <<<<<<<<<< 0.500 << 1.00 < 0.240 <<<<<<<<
7/10/23 < 0.500 < 0.900 < 0.500 < 1.60 < 0.220 < 0.200 <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
10/25/23 < 0.500 < 0.900 < 0.500 < 1.60 < 0.220 < 0.200 <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
WSW5 3/21/23 < 0.130 < 0.410 < 0.500 < 1.60 < 0.220 < 0.200 < 0.820 <<< 0.560 <<<<<<<<<< 0.500 << 1.00 < 0.240 <<<<<<<<
7/12/23 < 0.500 < 0.900 < 0.500 < 1.60 < 0.220 < 0.200 <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
10/25/23 < 0.500 < 0.900 < 0.500 < 1.60 < 0.220 < 0.200 <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
1 600 600 500 20 70 400 0.02 0.4 400 6 4,000 100 40 24 100 25 6,000 NE 0.6 50 70 0.4 1,000 70 70 4,000 70 6 70 70
5,000 260,000 84,500 85,500 20,000 70,000 28,500 50 400 25,000 6,000 4,000,000 NE 40,000 7,500 100,000 11,700 6,000,000 NE NE 50,000 70,000 400 140,000 6,900 8,500 4,000,000 25,000 6,000 6,900 30,000
Notes:
1. All results in µg/L.
2. Bold denotes a compound detection
3. Shading denotes a 2L Standard violation
4. < - denotes less than sample detection limit
5. Italics indicates a GCL violation
6. NE - Not Established
7. "-" - indicates sample not tested per that method
GCL
NO PRODUCT
MMPE EVENT
Free Product (0.08')
Free Product (4.78')
MMPE EVENT
2L Standard
Free Product (0.52')
Free Product (0.07')
MMPE EVENT
Free Product (0.05')
Free Product (0.08')
MMPE EVENT
Free Product (0.07')
NO PRODUCT
Free Product (3.28')
MMPE EVENT
MMPE EVENT
Free Product (0.04')
Free Product (0.05')
NO PRODUCT
MMPE EVENT
Free Product (0.35')
Free Product (0.53')
Free Product (3.63')
Free Product (0.58')
MMPE EVENT
Free Product (0.09')
Free Product (2.44')

FIGURES

ONSULTANTS, P.C.CENVIRONMENTAL
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS, P.C.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS, P.C.

APPENDIX A

Page 1 of 8 
 TECHNICAL METHODS/STANDARD PROCEDURES 

Equipment Decontamination 

All soil sampling equipment utilized during site assessment activities is decontaminated according 
to standard and accepted protocol.  Cleaning solutions range from clean potable water to acidic 
solutions or organic solvents depending on the contaminants present at the site.  Equipment 
utilized at sites, such as hand augers, contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons, is generally 
decontaminated with a low‐sudsing detergent such as Luiquinox® and triple rinsed with distilled 
water.  Larger equipment, such as drill rigs and associated tools, is steam cleaned.  All 
decontamination procedures are completed within an established decontamination area which is 
located away from the active study area.  Frequency of equipment decontamination depends on 
the nature of work being performed, but in no case is decontamination performed less frequently 
than once per test (i.e., soil boring, well installation, sample collection, etc.).  Equipment blanks are 
collected as a quality control measure when required by job specifications. 

Soil Boring Installation 

Soil borings are completed using hand‐operated sampling tools, truck‐mounted drills, or 
Geoprobe® drilling rigs depending on the depth of sample collection and other site‐specific 
conditions.  Hand operated stainless‐steel bucket augers are utilized to collect soil samples at 
regular intervals to determine site stratigraphy and to test for the presence of volatile organic 
compounds.  Samples retrieved from the hand auger are necessarily disturbed during the augering 
process, but can provide accurate information on soil type and contaminant concentrations when 
properly interpreted.  Soil samples from hand augered borings are generally retrieved at one to 
two foot intervals. 

Truck‐mounted or Geoprobe® drilling equipment is often utilized when sample retrieval depths 
exceed twenty feet or subsurface conditions prevent utilization of hand augers (i.e., buried rocks, 
wood, bricks or other materials occur in the subsurface).  Truck‐mounted drilling rigs usually 
retrieve soil via a hollow‐stem auger/split spoon collection method.  Geoprobe® rigs usually employ 
a Macro‐Core® tube retrieval system.   

Hollow stem augers provide relatively undisturbed 2‐foot cores of soil samples.  Soil samples are 
generally collected at five foot intervals utilizing standard penetration test procedures as defined 
by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) or are pushed to the desired depth using 
the head of the drill rig.  The standard penetration test involves driving a 2" outside diameter by 1‐
3/8" inside diameter split‐spoon sampler a minimum distance of one foot with a 340‐lb. slide 
hammer falling a distance of 30 inches.   

A Geoprobe® rig is a hydraulically‐powered soil probing machine.  The probe utilizes static force 
and percussion to advance a small diameter sampling device into the subsurface.  The sampling 
apparatus provides relatively undisturbed 5‐foot cores of soil samples.  Soil samples are collected 
Page 2 of 8 
continuously.  The Macro‐Core® tube contains an inserted poly‐vinyl chloride (PVC) liner which 
retains the soil sample as the tube is driven into the ground.  The Macro‐Core® tube is 
decontaminated between each 5‐foot sample interval in a soil boring using a Liquinox and tap‐
water mixture.  A new PVC liner is used to collect soil from each sample interval in a soil boring.    

Soil samples retrieved from the hollow‐stem augers or Geoprobe are then carefully described 
according to the Unified Soil Classification System.  Soil descriptions are recorded on a soil 
boring log. 

Soil Sampling 

Soils to be analyzed by a North Carolina‐certified laboratory are prepared according to the specified 
analytical method.  Initially, soil samples are removed from the ground using either a hand auger, 
backhoe bucket, spilt spoon auger, or a Macro‐Core® sampling tube.  During the removal, care is 
taken to keep the disturbance of the soil structure to a minimum to reduce the loss of 
contaminants.  Once removed, the samples are placed in the proper sample container for the 
specified analytical method.  For samples collected for the MADEP VPH and EPA Method 8260, a 
TerraCore® sampler is used to collect one 5‐gram allotment of soil.  The allotment is placed in 
methanol‐preserved 40 mL vials.  Also, one 5‐gram allotment of soil is placed into sodium bisulfate‐
preserved 40 mL vials (one 5‐gram allotment per vial, 2 vials per sample) for the 8260 low 
concentration method.  A 250‐mL glass jar of the sampled soil is also collected to provide moisture 
content information.  Soils sampled for MADEP EPH, EPA Method 8270 and TPH 5030 and 3550 are 
placed in a 250‐mL glass jar (for MADEP EPH analysis an amber jar is required).  TPH 5030 samples 
are preserved in methanol similar to the 8260 analysis.  Field personnel wear new, disposable 
nitrile gloves during the collection of each sample.  

The soil samples are labeled with the sample location, sample identification, date and time of 
collection, and the analytical method.  The samples are placed on ice, sent to a laboratory, and 
analyzed before the expiration of an analytical method’s prescribed holding time.  Chain‐of‐custody 
documentation is maintained for each sample collected in the field. 

If the soil is being sampled for volatile or semi‐volatile compounds, a portion of the collected soil is 
placed in a sealable bag and screened for volatile organic vapors.  Head screening procedures are 
described in the following paragraph.  

Headspace Screening 

Collected soil samples are routinely tested for the presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).  
After retrieval from the ground, a portion of a soil sample is placed in a sealable plastic bag.  The 
soil samples are then set aside for approximately five minutes so that volatile constituents present 
in the sample can reach equilibrium concentrations with headspace gases in the bag.  Once a 
suitable time period has passed, the probe of the sampling instrument, typically an Organic Vapor 
Monitor (OVM) or a Photo Ionization Detector (PID), is inserted into the bag and the relative 
concentration of total VOCs is measured and permanently recorded in a field note book.  VOC 
Page 3 of 8 
concentrations are measured using either a Thermo Electron Corp. Innova Series catalytic OVM or 
an Ion Science PhoCheck PID.  Both the OVM and PID instrumentation are periodically calibrated 
according to the manufacturer’s recommended procedures. 

The OVM and PID are qualitative tools employed to detect and estimate the concentration of 
organic or hydrocarbon vapors.  A thin probe is inserted through a small break in the seal of a 
bagged soil sample.  For the OVM, an air sample from the headspace of the bag is drawn through 
the probe into an internal chamber where the vapors are catalyzed.  The concentration of the VOCs 
is registered on a digital scale in parts per million (ppm).  For the PID, an air sample from the 
headspace of the bag is drawn across the face of a lamp causing the sample to emit photons, the 
presence of which are converted into a VOC ppm reading that is displayed.  Oxygen levels are field 
calibrated prior to each use.  VOC calibration occurs periodically depending upon use by using a 
span gas of known concentration in a process recommended by the manufacturer.   

Well Installation/Construction 

Monitoring wells are installed using hand‐operated sampling tools, a truck‐mounted drill rig, or a 
Geoprobe drilling rig depending on the depth of well and other site‐specific conditions. All 
monitoring wells are installed according to the requirements of 15A NCAC 2C‐Well Construction 
Standards.  Specifically, individual monitoring wells are constructed of 2‐inch diameter, schedule 40 
PVC casing riser and screen.  The screen interval is generally 10 to 15 feet of machine slotted PVC 
with a slot size of 0.010".  Only flush threaded joints are used.  The annulus space around the 
screen is filled with washed filter pack No. 2 sand.  The filter pack extends one to two feet above 
the top of the screen.  A one to two foot‐thick bentonite pellet seal is then placed above the filter 
pack.  The remainder of the well annulus is completely filled with a Portland (Type I/II) cement 
grout mixture.  A protective outer steel manhole, locking cap, and concrete pad is installed for each 
well. 

Type II Monitoring Well Construction  

Single‐cased monitoring wells are generally used in delineation of groundwater quality within the 
surficial aquifer.  The wells are constructed of 2‐inch diameter, schedule 40 PVC casing and screen.  
The screen interval is generally 10 to 15 feet of machine slotted PVC with a slot size of 0.010".  Only 
flush threaded joints are used.  The annulus space around the screen is filled with washed filter 
pack No. 2 sand.  The filter pack extends one to two feet above the top of the screen.  A one to two 
foot‐thick bentonite pellet seal is then placed above the filter pack.  The remainder of the well 
annulus is completely filled with a Portland (Type I/II) cement grout mixture.  A protective outer 
steel manhole, locking cap, and concrete pad are installed for each well. 

Type III Monitoring Well Construction 

Double‐cased monitoring wells are used in the delineation of groundwater quality within a deeper 
portion of the surficial aquifer or an additional aquifer (e.g. aquitard, bedrock).  A four to six‐inch 
outer casing is installed through the surficial aquifer until a sufficient depth or until the deeper 
Page 4 of 8 
aquifer is encountered.  The casing is secured with a Portland‐grout collar that is tremmied into the 
annular spaced from the bottom of the bore hole to the surface.  Once the grout has sufficiently 
cured, the bore hole is continued through the bottom of the outer casing to a depth approximately 
15 ‐ 20 feet beneath the outer casing.  The inner casing is constructed of 2‐inch diameter, schedule 
40 PVC casing riser and screen.  The screen interval is generally 5 to 10 feet of machine slotted PVC 
with a slot size of 0.010".  Only flush threaded joints are used.  The annulus space around the 
screen is filled with washed filter pack No. 2 sand.  The filter pack extends one to two feet above 
the top of the screen.  A one to two foot‐thick bentonite pellet seal is then placed above the filter 
pack.  The remainder of the well annulus is completely filled with the same Portland grout mixture 
used in the outer casing.  A protective outer steel manhole, locking cap, and concrete pad are 
installed for each well. 

Well Development 

Following installation of each well, surging and pumping or bailing techniques will be used to 
remove fines from the screened interval.  Groundwater is removed from each well until clear water 
is retrieved or a noticeable reduction in the amount of silt is achieved.  Purged groundwater is 
disposed of in an environmentally safe manner. 

Groundwater Sampling 

Petroleum Sites 

Groundwater samples are collected from temporary or permanent monitoring wells according to 
established sampling protocol.  When multiple monitoring wells or sampling points are sampled, 
sampling is completed beginning with the least contaminated well to the most contaminated well, 
if it is known.  When permanent monitoring wells for petroleum sites are sampled, the well is 
purged of a minimum of three well‐bore volumes prior to sample collection in order to assure that 
sampled water is representative of aquifer conditions.  In temporary wells, the first water which 
migrates into the open borehole is sampled.  Samples from both temporary and permanent 
monitoring wells are collected using individually wrapped disposable polyethylene bailers by field 
personnel wearing disposable nitrile gloves.  Only one well is sampled with a given bailer in order to 
prevent sample cross‐contamination.  During both well purging and sampling, proper protective 
clothing and equipment is used and is dependent upon the type and level of contaminants present. 
Also, field personnel change gloves between different samples to reduce the chance of cross‐
contamination. Water samples are transferred from the bailer to laboratory‐prepared sampling 
containers using slow emptying devices to reduce the chance of contamination loss through 
volatilization.  Preservatives, such as acids, are provided by the laboratory in pre‐prepared 
containers in which collected samples are placed if in‐field preservation is necessary.  The samples 
are labeled with the project name, project number, sample identification, required analysis, and 
date and time of collection.  The samples are placed on ice, shipped to a certified laboratory, and 
analyzed before the expiration of an analytical method’s prescribed holding time.  Chain‐of‐custody 
documentation is maintained for each sample collected in the field.   

Page 5 of 8 

Other Groundwater Sampling Protocols 

When required by state or federal regulations, low‐flow groundwater sampling procedures are 
instituted.  Groundwater samples collected in low‐flow situations are collected using a peristaltic 
pump. A peristaltic pump is a type of positive displacement pump. The fluid is contained within a 
flexible tube fitted inside a circular pump casing.  A rotor with a number of rollers attached to the 
external circumference compresses the flexible tube. As the rotor turns, the part of tube under 
compression closes thus forcing the fluid to be pumped to move through the tube.  Groundwater 
parameters such as water level drawdown, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen (DO) and turbidity. 
Pumping rate, drawdown, and the time or volume required to obtain stabilization of parameter 
readings can be used as a future guide to purge the well. Measurements are collected at a pre‐
pumping established interval (typically five to ten minutes). Once all or a majority of the 
parameters have stabilized for three successive readings, stabilization has been achieved. In lieu of 
measuring all five parameters, a minimum subset would include pH, conductivity, and turbidity or 
DO. Three successive readings should be within ± 0.1 for pH, ± 3% for conductivity, and ± 10% for 
turbidity and DO.  

Upon parameter stabilization, sampling is initiated. Sampling flow rate is maintained at the estab‐
lished purge rate or is adjusted slightly to minimize aeration, bubble formation, turbulent filling of 
sample bottles, or loss of volatiles due to extended residence time in tubing. The same device used 
for purging is used to collect the groundwater sample. Generally, volatile parameters are sampled 
first. The sequence in which samples for inorganic parameters are collected is not determined 
unless filtered (dissolved) samples are collected. Preservatives, such as acids, are provided by the 
laboratory in pre‐prepared containers in which collected samples are placed if in‐field preservation 
is necessary.  The samples are labeled with the project name, project number, sample 
identification, required analysis, and date and time of collection.  The samples are placed on ice, 
shipped to a certified laboratory, and analyzed before the expiration of an analytical method’s 
prescribed holding time.  Chain‐of‐custody documentation is maintained for each sample collected 
in the field.   

During both well purging and sampling, proper protective clothing and equipment is used and is 
dependent upon the type and level of contaminants present.   Also, field personnel change gloves 
between different monitoring wells or sampling points to reduce the chance of cross‐
contamination.  When multiple monitoring wells or sampling points are sampled, sampling is 
completed beginning with the least contaminated well to the most contaminated well, if it is 
known. 

Stockpile Sampling 

The number of composite samples collected from a stockpile or a total quantity of excavated soil is 
based upon the cubic yardage.  One composite sample is collected for every 100 cubic yards of 
contaminated soil excavated.  The volume of a stockpile or total quantity of excavated soil is 
calculated by approximating the general geometry of a stockpile or estimating the capacity of the 
Page 6 of 8 
dump trucks used for hauling.  If a stockpile is sampled, a grid pattern is laid out on the stockpile, 
dividing the stockpile into segments of approximately 200 cubic yards.  Two soil borings are 
advanced within a grid and three soil samples are collected from each soil boring at various depths. 
 The six soil samples are mixed into a composite sample by a trained TerraQuest technician.  If truck 
loads are sampled, an aliquot sample is collected from the hauling trucks at a frequency based 
upon the capacity of the hauling trucks.   

Aliquots are gently mixed into a composite sample by a trained TerraQuest technician. Every effort 
is made to minimize the loss of contaminants through volatilization.  The composited soil samples 
are jarred in the appropriate laboratory‐prepared containers, labeled with the sample location, 
sample identification, date of collection, time of collection, the analytical method, and the 
preservative.  The samples are placed on ice, shipped to a laboratory, and analyzed before the 
expiration of an analytical method’s prescribed holding time.  Chain‐of‐custody documentation is 
maintained for each sample collected in the field. 

Surface Water Sampling 

Surface water samples, specifically samples from creeks or streams, are collected from a 
moving/flowing portion of the creek or stream to ensure that stagnant water is not collected.  Field 
personnel are careful to collect samples from flowing areas that are not so turbulent as to cause a 
loss of volatile contaminants which might have been contained in the creek’s/stream’s water.  
Samples are collected by field personnel wearing disposable nitrile gloves.  Field personnel change 
gloves between different locations to reduce the chance of cross‐contamination.  Samples are 
collected directly from the appropriate creek or stream location and placed into the appropriate 
laboratory‐prepared containers.  Preservatives, such as acids, are provided by the laboratory in pre‐
prepared containers in which collected samples are placed if in‐field preservation is necessary. The 
samples are labeled with the project name, project number, sample identification, required 
analysis, and date and time of collection.  The samples are cooled on ice to approximately four 
degrees centigrade, shipped to a certified laboratory, and analyzed before the expiration of an 
analytical method’s prescribed holding time.  Chain‐of‐custody documentation is maintained for 
each sample collected in the field.    

Potable Well Sampling 

Groundwater samples from potable wells are collected from sampling points, typically spigots, 
located in the closest proximity to the potable well pump house as possible.  Prior to sample 
collection, the water is run for a sufficient amount of time to purge the bladder tank and assure 
that sampled water is representative of aquifer conditions.  Once purged, the flow rate is reduced 
and samples are placed in the appropriate laboratory prepared containers with the appropriate 
acid preservatives added if preservation of the sample is necessary.  The samples are labeled with 
the project name, project number, sample identification, required analysis, and date and time of 
collection.  The samples are placed on ice, shipped to a laboratory, and analyzed before the 
expiration of an analytical method’s prescribed holding time.  Chain‐of‐custody documentation is 
maintained for each sample collected in the field.  
Page 7 of 8 
Public Water Supply Line Sampling 

Groundwater samples from public water supply lines are collected from sampling points, typically 
spigots.  To sample the spigot, the flow rate is reduced and samples are placed in the appropriate 
laboratory prepared containers.  The samples are labeled with the sample location, sample 
identification, date of collection, time of collection, and required analytical method.  The samples 
are placed on ice, shipped to a laboratory, and analyzed before the expiration of an analytical 
method’s prescribed holding time.  Chain‐of‐custody documentation is maintained for each sample 
collected in the field.  

Air Sampling 

Air samples are collected with the aide of a manually operated MityVac® pump manufactured by 
Pristech, Inc.  The air sampling process begins by connecting a length of rubber hose from the 
MityVac® pump to the port to be sampled, or by hanging the hose inside of an emissions stack in 
such a manner as to ensure no outside air causes dilution.  Another length of hose is fixed to the 
outlet port of the pump and is connected to a new Tedlar bag.  Once the pump is hooked up, a 
valve on the Tedlar collection bag is opened and air is manually forced into the bag by the pumping 
action of sampling personnel.   

Field Measurements 

Field measurements taken to determine the pH, conductivity, temperature, and dissolved oxygen 
concentration of a particular groundwater sample are taken directly after a particular monitoring 
well has been adequately purged.  This ensures that the groundwater parameter data collected is 
representative of the aquifer conditions at a given location.  Once purging of the monitoring well is 
complete, the decontaminated probe head and cord of the appropriate unit is lowered into the 
required monitoring well.  If the depth to water in a specific monitoring well is greater than the 
length of cord for a particular unit, a new, disposable bailer is slowly lowered into the appropriate 
monitoring well and a representative groundwater sample is retrieved.  A slow pouring device is 
fitted onto the end of the disposable bailer and the sample is slowly poured into a new, disposable 
plastic cup.  Groundwater parameter data are then collected from the groundwater in the cup 
using the required unit.   

For pH, conductivity, and temperature, a Hanna Instruments Model 991300 portable meter is 
utilized.  This unit is periodically calibrated and maintained in accordance with the unit’s operations 
manual by field personnel.  Prior to data collection, the unit is properly decontaminated to prevent 
cross‐contamination.  The unit is decontaminated between each sample.  The procedure used for 
sample measurement involves lowering the meter’s probe into the new, disposable cup containing 
the groundwater sample to be measured and slowly stirring the probe to force groundwater across 
the probe’s membrane.  The measurements displayed by the meter are then recorded.   

For dissolved oxygen concentration measurements, a YSI® Model 55 Handheld Dissolved Oxygen 
System is utilized.  This unit is periodically calibrated and maintained in accordance with the unit’s 
Page 8 of 8 
operations manual by field personnel.  Prior to data collection, the unit is properly decontaminated 
to prevent cross‐contamination.  The unit is decontaminated between each sample.  The procedure 
used for sample measurement involves adjusting the unit for the correct altitude where the 
sampling will take place and adjusting the reported units desired.  Once this is done, the unit’s 
probe is inserted into the groundwater sample to be measured and the probe is slowly stirred to 
force the groundwater across the probe’s membrane.  The measurements displayed by the unit are 
then recorded.   

For turbidity measurements, a Hach 2100P Portable Turbidity meter or equal equivalent is utilized.  
The unit is calibrated prior to use in accordance with the unit’s operations manual by field 
personnel.  Groundwater samples are collected in glass containers for measurement by the 
instrument.  The glass containers are washed with bottled‐water between each measurement 
collection.  Once the sample is collected and inserted into the instrument, the measurements 
displayed by the instrument are then recorded.   

APPENDIX B

Perth Mini Mart (#40784)
Chronological Site History
Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C.
Page 1 of 5

CHRONOLOGICAL SITE HISTORY

Perth Mini Mart
818 Perth Road, Troutman, NC
Facility ID#: 00-0-0000024524
NCDWM UST Incident No.: 40784
Terraquest Project No.: 08217

March 4, 1980 According to the North Carolina UST Database Records, two 6,000-
gallon gasoline, one 4,000-gallon gasoline, and one 2,000-gallon diesel
USTs were installed at the site.

November 16, 2017 Terraquest personnel mobilized to the Perth Mini Mart facility to
conduct a limited scope site check. The UST owner had recently noted
inventory record discrepancies based upon ATG reading for UST T3. To
investigate these irregularities, the UST owner had a tank tightness test
completed on this UST which resulted in failure. In response, the UST
owner submitted an UST-17A UST Suspected Release 24-Hour Notice
Form. A site check was then required to investigate a potential release
of petroleum.

Soil quality was assessed through the advancement of four soil borings
(B1 – B4) around the suspect UST. Samples from the B1(18-20), B2(8-
10), B3(8-10), and B4(13-15) were submitted for laboratory analysis
per EPA Method 8015 utilizing the 5030-extraction method for
gasoline range organics (GRO). Analytical results of the collected soil
samples revealed detectable concentrations of TPH GRO in each
sample; however, only the B1(18-20) sample contained a TPH GRO
concentration (497 ug/kg) above the 100 mg/kg action limit.

December 8, 2017 Terraquest submitted a copy of the Site Check Report Letter and UST-
61 24 Hour Release Reporting Form were submitted to the NCDWM-
UST. Three soil samples were collected from the MW1 soil boring at
the 10-12 ft. BGL, 20-22 ft. BGL, and 30-32 ft. BGL intervals.

December 19, 2017 The NCDWM-UST issued an NORR that confirmed receipt of the Site
Check Report and requested the completion of an LSA.

January 16, 2018 Terraquest personnel supervised the installation of one Type II
groundwater monitoring well (MW1) as part of a Phase I LSA in the
vicinity of the previous B1 soil boring.

Perth Mini Mart (#40784)
Chronological Site History
Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C.
Page 2 of 5
January 22, 2018 Terraquest personnel collected a groundwater sample from
monitoring well MW1 after gauging the well for free product using an
oil/water interface probe that did not detect any measurable amount
of free product. Prior to groundwater sample collection, Terraquest
gauged 6.25 feet of free product in monitoring well MW2. No
additional wells contained free product on this date. Groundwater
samples were collected from monitoring wells MW3 and MW4.

March 19, 2018 The NCDWM-UST LUST Trust Fund issued a correspondence regarding
the Commercial State Trust Fund Eligibility Application. The release
incident was found conditionally eligible following a $20,000
deductible that was noted as having been met.

June 18-19, 2018 Terraquest personnel supervised the installation of three additional
monitoring wells (MW2 – MW4) as part of the Phase II LSA.

August 3, 2018 Terraquest submitted an LSA Report (Phase I & II) to the NCDWM-UST.

August 6, 2018 Terraquest requested pre-approval of costs necessary to complete a
CSA.

September 6, 2018 Terraquest requested pre-approval of costs necessary to conduct free
product recovery via MMPE.

September 11, 2018 The NCDWM-UST grants pre-approval of costs for free product
recovery via MMPE.

October 3, 2018 The NCWM-UST grants pre-approval of costs for CSA activities.

October 22-26, 2018 Terraquest supervised an MMPE event at the site. A total of 4, 041
gallons of a free product/contaminated groundwater mixture were
recovered. Emissions stack calculations indicate the exhaust of 56.86
gallons of petroleum.

November 26-28, 2018 Terraquest personnel supervised the installation of groundwater
monitoring wells MW5-MW11. These wells were installed as part of
the CSA. Monitoring wells MW5-MW10 are Type II wells installed for
horizontal assessment while monitoring well MW11 is a Type III well
installed for vertical delineation of contamination. Soil borings

December 3, 2018 As part of the CSA, Terraquest personnel sampled monitoring wells
MW1 – MW11 and surveyed the casing elevations of recently installed

Perth Mini Mart (#40784)
Chronological Site History
Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C.
Page 3 of 5
wells MW5-MW11. Slug tests were conducted on monitoring wells
MW3, MW5, and MW7.

April 22-26, 2019 Terraquest supervised an MMPE event at the site. Free product was
removed from monitoring well MW2. A total of 3,461 gallons of
contaminated groundwater was removed. Emissions stack
calculations indicate the exhaust of 64.23 gallons of petroleum.

October 7-11, 2019 Terraquest supervised an MMPE event at the site. Free product was
removed from monitoring well MW2. A total of 3,027 gallons of
contaminated groundwater was removed. Emissions stack
calculations indicate the exhaust of 20.57 gallons of petroleum.

June 1, 2, and 3, 2020 Terraquest supervised a high-resolution study conducted by Dakota
Technologies Company, LLC. The study was requested by the NCDWM-
UST to identify the location of free product and involved the advancement
of ten borings that were analyzed using an Ultra-Violet Optical Screening
Tool (UVOST).

September 22-23, 2020 Terraquest supervised the installation of three free product monitoring
wells, MW15, MW16, and MW17. A free product evaluation was
performed on monitoring well MW2. Groundwater monitoring wells
without free product were sampled and sent off for VOC analysis.
While there were no indications of a release from the diesel AST, STF
demanded that 625 analysis be performed on all wells at the site at a
cost exceeding $3,000 to rule out a release.

March 22-26, 2021 Terraquest supervised an MMPE event at the site. Free product was
removed from monitoring wells MW2, MW16, and MW17. A total of
4,679 gallons of contaminated groundwater was removed. Emissions
stack calculations indicate the exhaust of 20.72 gallons of petroleum.

April 21, 2021 Terraquest personnel gauged monitoring wells and found free product
in MW16 (1.49’) and MW17 (0.05’).

November 16-17, 2021 Terraquest supervised the installation of pilot test wells SVE1, SVE2,
SVE3, and AS1.

November 22-23, 2021 Terraquest conducted SVE and air sparge pilot tests.

January 17, 2022 Terraquest submitted a Corrective Action Plan Feasibility Study to the
NCDWM-UST.

Perth Mini Mart (#40784)
Chronological Site History
Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C.
Page 4 of 5
February 23, 2022 The NCDWM-UST approved the CAP Feasibility Study.

May 9 & June 1, 2022 Terraquest sampled groundwater monitoring wells associated with the
release incident to provide updated information for the CAP Design
Report.

August 23, 2022 Terraquest submitted a Corrective Action Design Report to the
NCDWM-UST.

November 1, 2022 The NCDWM-UST issued an NORR requesting the completion of a
groundwater sampling event.

December 5, 2022 Terraquest requested an extension of the December 31, 2022 deadline
for the submittal of a monitoring report.

December 7, 2022 The NCDWM-UST granted an extension to the submittal deadline for
the Monitoring Report. The new submittal deadline is February 23,
2023.

January 18, 2023 Terraquest sampled all of monitoring wells MW1-17 that did not
contain free product. Free product thickness was recorded where
encountered. Monitoring well MW12 was covered in new gravel and
could not be located. Water supply wells WSW1, WSW2, and WSW4
were also sampled. The property owner for water supply well WSW3
did not grant permission to sample their well.

January 20, 2023 Terraquest returned to site and located monitoring well MW12 using a
metal detector. The well was purged and sampled.

March 29, 2023 Terraquest supervised the installation of groundwater monitoring
wells MW18, MW19, and MW20 in the downgradient direction.
Sampling results revealed 2L Standard violations in the wells.

April 10-14, 2023 Terraquest supervised an MMPE event at the site. The event was
successful in removing 7,155 gallons of a mix of contaminated
groundwater and free product.

July 10, 2023 Terraquest personnel sampled water supply wells WSW1, WSW2, and
WSW4.

July 12, 2023 Terraquest personnel sampled water supply wells WSW1, WSW2, and
WSW5.

Perth Mini Mart (#40784)
Chronological Site History
Terraquest Environmental Consultants, P.C.
Page 5 of 5
July 10 -14/2023 Terraquest supervised an MMPE event at the site. The event was
successful in removing 1,000 gallons of a mix of contaminated
groundwater and free product.

October 25, 2023 Terraquest personnel sampled water supply wells WSW1, WSW2,
WSW4, and WSW5.

September 27, 2023 The NCDWM-UST signed and returned the Record of Decision.

October 6, 2023 Terraquest received pre-approval to re-bid the system installation cost
as the previous winning bidder could no longer honor their bid as too
much time had past and material cost had increased.

November 13-17, 2023 Terraquest supervised an MMPE event at the site. The event was
successful in removing 6,991 gallons of a mix of contaminated
groundwater and free product.

November 28, 2023 Pre-approval of the system equipment and installation costs was
granted as was installation of remedial wells.

APPENDIX C

Well ID
Top of
Casing
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
MW1 98.78 38.60 0 60.18 36.43 0 62.35 35.74 0 63.04 34.59 0 64.19 31.50 0 67.28 31.25 0 67.53
MW2 97.83 ---40.45 6.25 61.95 40.38 7.05 62.60 38.26 5.63 63.68 34.00 4.11 66.83 30.90 0.18 67.06
MW3 98.54 ---36.28 0 62.26 35.59 0 62.95 34.62 0 63.92 31.47 0 67.07 31.30 0 67.24
MW4 99.68 ---37.02 0 62.66 36.3 0 63.38 35.11 0 64.57 ---31.77 0 67.91
MW5 96.31 ---------32.95 0 63.36 ---29.70 0 66.61
MW6 97.53 ---------34.23 0 63.30 ---29.89 0 67.64
MW7 99.37 ---------35.00 0 64.37 ---31.52 0 67.85
MW8 98.72 ---------35.19 0 63.53 ---31.79 0 66.93
MW9 89.72 ---------25.64 0 64.08 ---22.42 0 67.30
MW10 90.75 ---------26.95 0 63.80 ---23.80 0 66.95
MW11 96.80 ---------33.22 0 63.58 ---29.95 0 66.85
MW12 94.74 ---------------25.37 0 69.37
MW13 94.30 ---------------22.95 0 71.35
MW14 96.30 ---------------29.89 0 66.41
Average shallow DTW:38.60 36.58 35.88 32.70 31.49 28.47
Well ID
Top of
Casing
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
MW1 98.78 ---30.20 -68.58 ---------32.13 0 66.65
MW2 97.83 32.8 2.85 67.11 32.70 4.12 68.14 30.12 3.08 69.96 28.80 0 69.03 27.45 0 70.38 34.82 4.2 66.08
MW3 98.54 ---29.73 -68.81 ------------
MW4 99.68 ---30.50 -69.18 ------------
MW5 96.31 ---28.08 -68.23 ------------
MW6 97.53 ---29.05 -68.48 ------------
MW7 99.37 ---29.93 -69.44 ------------
MW8 98.72 ---29.82 -68.9 ------------
MW9 89.72 ---21.45 -68.27 ------------
MW10 90.75 ---22.76 -67.99 ------------
MW11 96.80 ---28.96 -67.84 ------------
MW12 94.74 ---26.73 -68.01 ------------
MW13 94.30 ---26.57 -67.73 ------------
MW14 96.30 ---27.84 -68.46 ------------
MW15 97.25 ---29.07 -68.18 27.3 0 69.95 27.59 0 69.66 27.00 0 70.25 34.05 3 65.39
MW16 97.38 ---29.15 0.05 68.26 29.58 2.85 69.881925 27.74 0 69.64 28.22 1.49 70.248445 34.82 4.82 66.08
MW17 98.41 ---30.05 -68.36 29.25 0.12 69.24766 28.59 0.1 69.89305 27.92 0.05 70.526525 32.05 0.05 66.40
AS1 98.06 ---------------31.72 0 66.34
Average shallow DTW:27.98 29.06 28.18 27.65 33.27
Well ID
Top of
Casing
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
MW1 98.78 32.35 0 66.43 32.76 0 66.02 ------------
MW2 97.83 34.63 3.69 65.90 35.63 4.43 65.44 ---34.47 2.97 65.53 32.91 1.43 65.96 32.22 0.69 66.11
MW3 98.54 32.45 0.28 66.29 33.10 0.3 65.66 ---32.90 0.9 66.30 31.86 0 66.68 32.27 0.33 66.51
MW4 99.68 32.76 0 66.92 33.13 0 66.55 ------------
MW5 96.31 30.55 0 65.76 31.25 0 65.06 ------------
MW6 97.53 31.64 0 65.89 32.44 0 65.09 ------------
MW7 99.37 32.39 0 66.98 33.05 0 66.32 ------------
MW8 98.72 32.44 0 66.28 33.27 0 65.45 ------------
MW9 89.72 23.85 0 65.87 23.96 0 65.76 ------------
MW10 90.75 25.17 0 65.58 25.3 0 65.45 ------------
MW11 96.80 29.15 0 67.65 31.96 0 64.84 ------------
MW12 94.74 29.24 0 65.50 29.57 0 65.17 ------------
MW13 94.30 28.85 0 65.45 29.34 0 64.96 ------------
MW14 96.30 30.40 0 65.90 31.29 0 65.01 ------------
MW15 97.25 31.30 0 65.95 32 0.35 65.505675 ---31 0.09 66.32 31.15 0.07 66.15 31.20 0.05 66.09
MW16 97.38 31.14 0.8 66.82 35.55 4.78 65.32179 ---34.28 3.28 65.50 31.59 0.52 66.17 33.23 2.44 65.93
MW17 98.41 32.25 0 66.16 32.67 0 65.74 ---31.9 0.04 66.54 32.01 0.077 66.46 32.17 0.07 66.29
MW18 93.78 ------28.75 0 65.03 ---------
MW19 92.63 ------27.6 0 65.03 ---------
MW20 92.68 ------27.1 0 65.58 ---------
SVE1 98.34 32.07 0.00 66.27 ---------------
Average shallow DTW:30.79 31.52 27.82 32.91 31.90 32.22
Well ID
Top of
Casing
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
Depth to
Water
from Top
of Casing
(feet)
Free
Product
Thickness
(feet)
Groundwater
Elevation
(feet)
MW1 98.78 ------
MW2 97.83 32.27 0 65.56 37.18 3.47 63.18
MW3 98.54 32.44 0 66.10 35.24 0.78 63.87
MW4 99.68 ------
MW5 96.31 ------
MW6 97.53 ------
MW7 99.37 ------
MW8 98.72 ------
MW9 89.72 ------
MW10 90.75 ------
MW11 96.80 ------
MW12 94.74 ------
MW13 94.30 ------
MW14 96.30 ------
MW15 97.25 31.80 0 65.45 34.42 0.53 63.217165
MW16 97.38 32.00 0 65.38 36.9 3.63 63.131715
MW17 98.41 32.35 0 66.06 35.45 0.58 63.38369
MW18 93.78 ------
MW19 92.63 ------
MW20 92.68 ------
SVE1 98.34 ------
Average shallow DTW:32.17 35.84
Notes:
1. "BGS" = below ground surface
5/9/2022 1/18/2023 3/29/2023 4/10/23 BEFORE MMPE 4/14/23 AFTER MMPE 7/10/23 BEFORE MMPE
9/23/2021
4/30/2019
HISTORICAL GROUNDWATER ELEVATION DATA
Incident Name: Peth Mini Mart Incident No.: 40784
1/22/2018 6/25/2018 12/3/201810/22/2018 4/22/2019
7/24/2019 9/23/2020 3/22/2021 3/26/2021 4/21/2021
7/14/23 AFTER MMPE 11/13/23 PRE MMPE

APPENDIX D

MOBILE MULTI-PHASE EXTRACTION EVENT
SITE NAME:Perth Mini Mart (Troutman, NC)
INCIDENT NUMBER:40784
AVERAGE DEPTH TO GROUNDWATER:35.84
IDENTIFY THE WELL AND THE I.D. OF EACH WELL USED FOR VACUUM:MW2, MW3, MW15, MW16, MW17
PROVIDE BLOWER SPECIFICATIONS OF THE VACUUM TRUCK (acfm @ in Hg):280 @20''Hg
TYPE OF FREE PRODUCT:gasoline
TOTAL GAL. OF WATER RECOVERED, AS MEASURED FROM THE VACUUM TRUCK TANK:6,991
TOTAL GAL. OF FREE PRODUCT RECOVERED, AS MEASURED FROM THE VACUUM TRUCK TANK:0
DRY STANDARD CUBIC FEET PER MINUTE (DSCFM) AIR FLOW CALCULATIONS (Qstd)
Date Time Real Time Vacuum Velocity Pipe ID Temp Rel Humid Water Qstd
(inches of Hg)(ft/min)(in)(°F)(%)Vapor %(flow)
7/10/23 0 11:15 -24.0 3444 2 133.4 100 0.027 65
7/11/23 1440 11:15 -24.0 3256 2 128.2 100 0.027 62
7/12/23 2880 11:15 -24.0 2715 2 89.7 100 0.027 55
7/13/23 4320 11:15 -24.0 2710 2 124.8 100 0.027 52
7/14/23 5760 11:15 -24.0 2615 2 113.6 100 0.027 51
NOTES
Qstd = Flow at DSCFM
Vacuum = The level of vacuum being applied should be recorded from the vacuum truck tank (inches of Hg)
Velocity = The rate at which air flows is measured at the blower discharge piping (anemometer or pitot tube)
Pipe ID = The inside diameter of the blower discharge piping (from the vacuum truck)
Temperature = The temperature of the air stream exiting the blower discharge piping (dry bulb temp., in deg.°F)
Relative humidity = The % relative humidity of the air stream exiting the blower discharge piping
EQUATIONS
Bws = (Bwsw/18 lb-mole H20)/[(1/28.84 lb-mole dry air) + (Bwsw/18 lb-mole H2O)]
Qstd = (1-Water Vapor) * velocity * (PI * (diameter/24)2) * (528°R/(Temp + 460))Page 1 of 2
MMPE REPORT
EarthX, Inc. is pleased to report another successful Mobile, Multi-Phase, Extraction Event.
During this MMPE, a vacuum was applied to wells with free-phase petroleum. That vacuum
was supplied via a liquid-ring pump housed in a mobile trailer unit powered by a self-
contained generator. A mass of contaminant was recovered as vapors as detailed in the
adjacent calculations. Additionally, a volume of liquid product/water was recovered by the
vacuum event and disposed of offiste via tanker truck transport. A waste disposal manifest
for that volume is attached with this report.
EMISSION CALCULATIONS

WELL No.MW2, MW3, MW15, MW16, MW17
SITE NAME:Perth Mini Mart (Troutman, NC)
DATE:7/10/23 through 7/14/23
Elapsed
Time Flow PPMmeasured K PPMconc Cc:m Cc PMRc PMRg PMR
(min)(DSCFM)(ppm)(#C - gas)(mg/dsm3)(lb/dscf)(lb/hr)(lb/hr)(lb)
0 65 6,500 4 26,000 12,973 0.000809904 3.16 3.66 0.00
1440 62 3,256 4 13,024 6,498 0.0004057 1.51 1.75 41.95
2880 55 2,475 4 9,900 4,940 0.000308387 1.02 1.19 28.45
4320 52 2,869 4 11,476 5,726 0.000357479 1.11 1.29 30.94
5760 51 3,786 4 15,144 7,556 0.000471738 1.45 1.67 40.17
Total emissions in pounds 141.51
Total emissions in gallons 22.64
NOTES
PPMmeasured = Actual measurements (ppm) taken with at the blower discharge piping
K = Number of carbons in calibration gas: (Methane K = 1, or Propane K = 3, Isobutylene K = 4, or Hexane K = 6)
PPMc= PPMv, Volumetric concentration of VOC emissions as carbon, dry basis at STP
Cc:m = mg/dsm3, mass concentration of VOC emissions as carbon
Mc = 12.01 mg/mg-mole, molecular weight of carbon
K3 = 24.07 dsm3/106 mg-mole, mass to volume conversion factor at STP
Cc = lb/dcsf, mass concentration of VOC emissions as carbon, dry basis at STP
PMRc = lb/hr, pollutant mass removal rate of VOC's as carbon
PMRg = lb/hr, pollutant mass removal rate of of VOC's as gasoline
PMR = lb, pollutant mass removal of VOC's as gasoline Page 2 of 2
MMPE REPORT
EarthX, Inc. is pleased to report another successful Mobile, Multi-Phase, Extraction Event.
During this MMPE, a vacuum was applied to wells with free-phase petroleum. That vacuum
was supplied via a liquid-ring pump housed in a mobile trailer unit powered by a self-
contained generator. A mass of contaminant was recovered as vapors as detailed in the
adjacent calculations. Additionally, a volume of liquid product/water was recovered by the
vacuum event and disposed of offiste via tanker truck transport. A waste disposal manifest
for that volume is attached with this report.