NCD122263825_19981101_JFD Electronics - Channel Master_FRBCERCLA SPD_Field Test Workplan for Enhanced Reductive Dechlorination-OCR

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FIELD TEST WORKPLAN FORRECEIVf""'
ENHANCED REDUCTIVE FEB 031999
D EC H LOR I NAT ION SUPERFUND SECTION
JFD ELECTRONICS/CHANNEL
MASTER SITE
~
ARCADIS
GERAGHTY & MILLER
November 1998
PREPARED FOR
JFD ELECTRONICS/CHANNEL
MASTER SITE
OXFORD, NORTH CAROLINA
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FIELD TEST WORKPLAN FOR
ENHANCED REDUCTIVE
DECHLORINATION
JFD ELECTRONICS/CHANNEL
MASTER SITE
JFD EiectronidChannel Master Site
Oxford, North Carolina
Pa;:-ire'<J by:
ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller, Inc.
2301 Rex-.Noods Drive
Suite 200
Raleigh
North Carolina 27607
Tel 919 7S2 5511
Fax 919 7S2 5905
NC000202.0160.0000 1 cover.doc
November 1998
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AR CAD IS GERAGHTY & MILLER
FJELD TEST WORKPLAN FOR
ENHANCED REDUCTJVE DECHLORlNATION
JFD ELECTRONICS/CHANNEL l',lASTER SITE
OXFORD, NORTH CAROLINA
November 1998
Prepared by ARCADIS Geraghty & lvflller, Inc
D~"-~~ ~y-
Mike Hanson
Project Engineer
Nanjun V. Shetty, P.E.
Senior Engineer/Project Manager
\J Ji_~fj i)M~.
William H. Doucette, Jr., Ph.D., LG.
Associate/Project Coordinator
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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Purpose
1.2 Organization Of Workplan
2. REVIEW OF THE ERO TECHNOLOGY
3. EXISTING CONDITIONS -HOT-SPOTS AREA
3.1 Testing Area
3.2 Geology And Hydrogeology
3.3 Recent Groundwater Sampling Results
4. FIELD TEST WELL NETWORK
4.1 Proposed Injection Wells
4.2 Proposed Observation Wells
5. PROPOSED FIELD TESTING PLAN
5.1 Reagent Injection
5.1.1 Reagent Feed Solution
5.1.2 Molasses Feed Solution Feed Rate and Frequency
5.2 Duration Of Field Study
6. FIELD TEST PERFORMANCE MONITORING
6.1 Monitoring Frequency
6.2 Data Collection
6.2.1 Baseline Data Collection
6.2.2 Performan}e Monitoring Data Collection
6.2.3 Groundwater Sampling Procedures
6.2.4 Sample Analysis
6.2.5 QA/QC Samples
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Table of Contents
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7. DATA EVALUATION AND REPORTING
7.1 Field Test Report
8. REFERENCES
Tables
1. Summary of Recent Groundwater Sampling Data -Test Area
Monitoring Wells, Field-Scale Testing Program.
2. Summary of Proposed Injection and Observation Well Construction,
Field-Scale Testing Program.
3. Summary of Proposed Performance Monitoring· Field Test.
Figures
1. Site Map.
7-1
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8-1
2. Groundwater Volatile Organic Compound Data Summary· Field Testing Area.
3. Proposed Field Pilot Test Well Layout.
4. Proposed Field Test Well Details.
Appendix
A. Reagent Injection Log.
Table of Contents
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1. INTRODUCTION
ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller, Inc. has been retained by The Unimax Corporation
(Unimax) and Avnet, Inc., to prepare this Field Test Workplan (workplan) for
Enhanced Reductive Dechlorination (ERD) of volatile organic compounds (YOCs) at
the JFD Electronics/Channel Master NPL Site (Site) in Oxford, North Carolina.
Figure I presents a site map of the Site. The purpose of this workplan is to present
the field testing plan for the proposed in-situ ERD technology option. This field test
"ill evaluate if the proposed ERD technology can be successfully applied at the Site.
The field test "ill is expected to produce data that can be used in developing a full-
scale system to cleanup the hot-spot area and other selected areas at the site.
The proposed ERD technology is intended to remediate dissolved VOCs including
tetrachloroethene (PCE), and trichloroethene (TCE) present in the groundwater in the
hot-spot area at the JFD Electronics/Channel Master site. If the field testing proves
the technology is successful in achieving the acceptance criteria for the field test
(outlined in this Workplan), the technology v,ill be retained for implementation at the
site. The goal of utilizing ERD at this site v.ill be to lower the overall VOC mass in
the vicinity of the hot-spot area and therefore limit the long-term operating period for
the groundwater extraction and treatment remedy ongoing at the Site.
1.1 Purpose
Based on past activities, groundwater beneath the Site has become impacted \\ith the
Constituents of Interest (CO!) PCE and TCE. These CO! are currently being
addressed using a groundwater extraction and treatment system to contain VOC
impacted groundwater and restore groundwater quality. However, the purpose of the
ERD technology, if selected, "ill be to provide more efficient mass reduction at the
site. These activities "ill be intended to shorten the duration of the site remedy.
This Workplan presents the details of the proposed field test to demonstrate the
applicability of the in-situ ERD option in reducing the dissolved VOCs in the hot spot
area groundwater (near monitor wells CMM05 and CM1',f\Vl0). Included in this
workplan arc the foll01,ing; a review of the technology, a review of site conditions in
the proposed testing area, the proposed injection and observation well network for the
field test, the plan for conducting the field test, the proposed baseline and performance
groundwater monitoring that "ill be conducted to evaluate the success of the test, and
the acccptincc criteria which "ill define a successful test.
Field Test Workplan
for Enhanced
Reductive
Dechlorination
INTRODUCTION
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1.2 Organization Of Workplan
This workplan is organized into eight sections. Section 1.0 provides a brief
introduction. The ERD technology is presented in Section 2.0. A review of the
existing conditions at the Site, and specifically in the proposed field testing area is
included in Section 3.0. The proposed injection and observation well network, and
field testing procedures are outlined in Sections 4.0 and 5.0 respectively. The
proposed field test performance monitoring program is outlined in Section 6.0. A
summary of the proposed field test evaluation and reporting along with the criteria
defining a successful field test are presented in Section 7.0. Section 8.0 contains
report references.
Field Test Workplan
for Enhanced
Reductive
Dechlorination
INTRODUCTION
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2. REVIEW OF THE ERO TECHNOLOGY
The proposed in situ ERD process, to be evaluated by this field test, will address the
COi present in the hot-spot area groundwater at the Site. The in-situ ERD process
developed by ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller is a proven and patented technology,
which can create a zone of biogeochemically reducing conditions in the groundwater in
the area of concern. This in situ reactive zone provides the biogeochemical
environment necessary for continued degradation of chlorinated VOCs, via a
biologically mediated pathway (reductive dechlorination), until harmless byproducts
(carbon dioxide, water, and chloride ions) are formed.
We propose an in-situ reactive zone for the Site in order to enhance mass removal of
the chlorinated VOCs in groundwater. The in-situ reactive zone will employ an easily
degradable carbohvdrate solution (in this case sucrose in the form of food-grade
molasses), which is injected into the subsurface in order to create an anaerobic and
reducing environment in the hot-spot area groundwater.
It is well documented that chlorinated VOCs, including PCE and TCE, can naturally
degrade in an anaerobic and reducing environment. In some reactions, chlorinated
VO Cs are used as electron acceptors, not as a source of carbon, and reduced to less
chlorinated VOCs. In these type of reactions, chlorine atom is replaced "ith a
hydrogen atom (Wiedemeier, et al., 1996) This process is knO\,n as reductive
dechlorination or dehalogenation, which is the successive removal of chlorine atoms
from the VOC molecule via several biologically mediated respiration processes. For
example, when a chlorine atom is removed from PCE, TCE is formed. Under the
proper reducing conditions, this process can continue, resulting in the successive
formation of cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-1,2-DCE), vinyl chloride (VC), and finally
ethene. Ethene is then degraded anaerobically to ethane, and finally carbon dioxide
and water are formed. Chlorinated VOCs are also biodegraded via co-mctibolism
where the degradation is ca□lyzed by enz;,mes that arc produced by anaerobic
bacteria.
The creation of the desired and necessary reducing conditions in the groundwater can
be promoted by injecting a reagent source made up of easily biodegradable
carbohydrates, such as a dilute molasses solution, into the impacted saturated zone
through a network of injection wells. The c:irbohydrates (primarily sugars) present in
the molasses arc readily dcgr:idcd by the indigenous heterotrophic microorganisms
present in the aquifer. The biologic:il dcgrad:ition of the injected c:irbohydrates results
in the utiliz:ition of avaibblc electron acceptors present in the groundwater.
Field Test Workplar
for Enhanced
Reductive
Dechlorination
REVIEW OF THE ERO
TECHNOLOGY
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Oxygen is the most thermodyn.1Illically favorable electron acceptor. Once depleted,
alternate electron acceptors can be used by the bacteria in the respiration process,
including nitrates (denitrification), ferric iron, manganese, sulfates (sulfanogenesis)
and finally carbon dioxide (methanogene,;is). Depletion of these electron acceptors
leads to successively stronger reducing conditions in the groundwater as the reduction-
oxidation (redox) potential is lowered. Strongly reducing condition in groundwater are
necessary to degrade all of the COi at acceptable rates. In addition to generating the
proper reducing conditions, addition of the reagent solution to the groundwater also
provides a source of electron donors or substrate material, which is also required for
the reductive dechlorination reaction.
Prior to appl)ing an innovative technology such as ERD, it is necessary to perform a
demonstration, or pilot test. Information gathered during the pilot test "ill be used to
determine if the technology is applicable at the site (i.e. if the establishment of the
reducing zone results in increased VOC degradation) and if the technology is
economically advantageous as a full-scale system to be applied in the, hot-spot area.
If the technology is determined to be applicable and advantageous, it could be used to
cease or modify the portions of the pump and treat remediation that are ongoing at the
facility, or provide additional mass removal to shorten the remedial timeframe. The
ultimate goal of the alternative is to reduce life of the project and associated operating
costs, while simultaneously enhancing mass reduction of VOCs.
Field Test Workplan
for Enhanced
Reductive
Dechlorination
REVIEW OF THE ERO
TECHNOLOGY
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3. EXISTING CONDITIONS -HOT-SPOTS AREA
This section of the report contains a brief overview of the existing conditions in the
subsurface at the Site, focused on the hot-spot area in which the in-situ ERD field test
will be performed and if deemed successful, the technology v.ill be applied in the full-
scale.
3.1 Testing Area
The proposed field testing will be focused ,on the shallow groundwater in the area
around well CMl\,IWJ0 (Figure 2). The field test v.ill concentrate on this area due to
the elevated levels of PCE and TCE observed and the presence of their "daughter"
products in the groundwater samples collected from this area. The presence of cis-
1,2-DCE (daughter product) indicate that reductive dechlorination is ongoing. The
deeper portions of the aquifer is found to be more permeable than the shallow zone;
therefore, the ERD process, if found feasible in the shallow aquifer, can be also be
applied in the deeper zone.
Included in this section is a description of the shallow geologic and hydrogeologic
conditions in the hot-spot which have been used to develop the field testing set-up. A
summary of recent concentrations of COi in the groundwater, is also included. This
data indicates the natural reductive dechlorination of the COi in groundwater is
ongoing in the hot-spot. Recent COi data will also be used along v.ith field test
baseline sampling data to evaluate the effectiveness of the in-situ ERD technology.
3.2 Geology And Hydrogeology
The shallow geologic formation in the field testing area consists of approximately 50
feet of unconsolidated material underlain by bedrock. The upper 5 to 15 feet of these
shallow, unconsolidated deposits consist of a silty-;:lay layer interspersed with sand
lenses. This silty-day unit is underlain by a silty-sandy saprolite that coarsens \\ith
depth and is saturated. The saprolite layer extends to the bedrock interface
(approximately 50 feet bis).
Groundwater is encountered in the hot-spot at depths of 6 to 8 feet bis, and flows to
the cast-southeast. A more detailed description of both the geologic and hydrogeologic
conditions at the Site can be found in the Remedial Investigation Report (Rl) and the
Feasibility Study Report (FS) for the Site (Bechtel, 1992a and 1992b), and the
Remedial Design Workplan (RDWP) (Geraghty & Miller, 1994). Based on the
information in the RJ report, average hydraulic gr:1dient in the sh:11low overburden
soils range from 0.014 to 0.021 feet/fact (ft/ft). The hydr:1ulic conductivity in the
Field Test Workplan
for Enhanced
Reductive
Dechlorination
EXISTING CONDITIONS
HOT-SPOT AREA
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overburden soil and weathered be<lrock aquifer range from 2.59 to 11.23 feet/day.
The RJ estimated the seepage velocities within the overburden soils to vary between
0.05 and 0.64 feet/day (Bechtel, 1992a).
Based on a review of the geologic and hydrogeologic data presented., conditions in the
shallow portion of the hot-spot area of are of fairly low permeability. 1bis low
permeability may limit the areal extent of the in-situ reactive expected for each reagent
injection. However, we expect overall conditions at the Site to be conducive for the
implementation of the in-situ ERD technology.
3.3 Recent Groundwater Sampling Results
As outlined above, the main goal of the in-situ ERD is to evaluate the potential
application of the technology for the mass reduction of the COi (PCE and TCE) in the
shallow groundwater in the hot-spot through the enhancement of naturally occurring
degradation. Therefore, the main acceptance criteria to be achieved in this field test is
demonstration of reduction of COi concentrations in the groundwater.
Currently, the highest levels of COi in groundwater were detected in the shallow
unconsolidated monitor well CMi\lWI0. This area is located just upgradient of the
groundwater remediation system extraction wells PW-5A, PW-5B, and PW-5C.
Therefore, the elevated levels of COi in this area are those contributing to the
anticipated long duration of the ongoing groundwater extraction remedy.
Recent groundwater sampling from the target area (i.e. well CMMWJ0) has indicated
the presence ofTCE at concentrations exceeding 100,000 micrograms per liter (µg/L).
However, as indicated, the levels of dissolved impacts decline ,.,,th depth as indicated
by both the 1997 and 1998 groundwater sampling results from well CMMW05. Well
CMM\V05 is located near to CMMW l 0, but screened in the intermediate zone (35 to
45 bis versus 8 to I 8 feet bls for well CMMW l 0). Table I conl.'.lins a summary of the
CO] groundwater sampling data for the sampling events performed in 1997 and 1998
for wells CMl\,IW05, and CMMW]0 for comparison. The dal.'.l is also depicted on
Figure 2.
As the data on Table] also indicate, elevated levels of cis-1,2-DCE, but little to no
trans-1,2-DCE were present in the groundwater sample collected from CMi\lW!0.
This presence of cis-1,2-DCE, demonstrates that some biologically mediated reductive
dechlorination of PCE and TCE is occurring, since the cis isomer is the isomer of
dichlorocthene formed biologically. The presence of vinyl chloride (VC) in
groundwater samples from CM1'1WI0 would further support reductive dechlorination.
Although VC has been below detection limits, the groundwater sampling d:il.'.l (Table ]
Field Test Workplan
for Enhanced
Reductive
Dechlorination
EXISTING CONDITIONS
HOT-SPOT AREA
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and Figure 2) does support the conclusion that complete reductive dechlorination is
occumng.
Field Test Workplan
for Enhanced
Reductive
Dechlorination
EXISTING CONDITIONS
HOT-SPOT AREA
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4. FIELD TEST WELL NETWORK
In order to properly evaluate the in-situ ERD technology in the field test, both
molasses solution injection wells and a network of groundwater observation wells 'will
be required. The injection wells need to be located in an area of the Site where
sufficient impacts are present, and should be installed in a manner similar to wells that
would be employed in a full-scale system (i.e. depth interval, screen length). The
groundwater observation wells for the field test should be located within the vicinity of
the injection well, and should be located in a manner to evaluate both the performance
and the extent of the in-situ reactive zone, both parallel and perpendicular to the
direction of groundwater flow. Details of the proposed injection wells and observation
wells arc outlined below.
4. 1 Proposed Injection Wells
As outlined in Section 3.0, based on a review of the COi data and hydrogeologic
information available for the site, ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller is proposing to install
the field test injection well in a location northwest of the existing monitoring wells
CMi\fW05 and CMMW!0. This location was selected for three reasons:
• proximity to kno"n elevated levels of COi in the groundwater;
•
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proximity to the CMMWI0 well, which can be used as field test observation well;
and
the location is sufficiently upgradient of the groundwater extraction and treatment
wells (PW-SA, SB, and SC) so as to not interfere with activities associated "ith
the full-scale pump and treat remedy.
The field test ,,ill employ one injection well (IW-I) to inject the reagent solution for
the field test. Well IW-1 ,viii be completed to a total depth of approximately 20 feet
bis \\ith a screened inlerval from S to 20 feet bis. The proposed location of well IW-1
is shom1 on Figure 3.
The injection well "ill be constructed of 4-inch diameter stainless steel well casing and
well screen. The well screen .,,;11 have a 0.0 I 0-inch slot size. Each well \\ill be
completed in a continuous 8-1/4 inch (inner diameter) hollow-stem auger boring which
,,ill extend to approximately 20 fc-.;t bis. Well materials ,viii be installed \\ithin the
augers. The annular space between the well screen and the borehole \\ill be backfilled
,,ith an appropriately sized silica sand filter pack. The filter pack will be followed by
a 2-foot thick bentonite seal. The balance of the annular space "ill then be backfilled
Field Test Workplan
for Enhanced
Reductive
Dechlorination
FIELD TEST WELL
NETWORK
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\\ith grout, and the well head \\ill be completed in a 12-inch diameter, bolt-do"11,
traffic rated manhole cover. Lithologic samples will be collected and observed in the
field during well installation to determine if well screen length or placement should be
adjusted. Completion of the well is also summarized in Table 2 and on Figure 4.
FollO\,ing installation, the well ..,;11 be developed to remove fine material and ensure
hydraulic communication with the surrounding aquifer. Collected development water
will be treated and disposed of in the groundwater treatment system. Drill cuttings
from the well installation ..,;11 be containerized for proper disposal.
The injection well depth was limited to 20 feet bis due to presence of high
concentration ofVOCs in the hot-spot area as demonstrated by the well C1v!MWI 0
sampling results. In most applications of the in-situ ERD technology, the injection
well could be used to deliver the molasses solution across the entire unconsolidated
portion of the aquifer. However, installation ofan injection well to full depth of the
unconsolidated soils would result in preferential migration of molasses solution in the
weathered rock zone (lower permeable zone) To reduce this preferential migration
and to increase the effectiveness of the reactive zone in the low permeability soils, the
well depth is limited to 20 feet.
4.2 Proposed Observation Wells
To provide the necessary level of performance monitoring for the field test ARCAD!S
Geraghty & Miller is proposing installation of two additional observation wells in the
are:i dom1gradient of the injection well. These two wells "ill supplement existing well
Ci\li\f\VI0. The proposed locations of the two new pilot observation wells (POW),
POW-I, and POW-2 are shO\m on attached Figure 3 along with the relative locations
of existing well CMi\l\V IO, and the proposed injection well IW-1. Both of the new
observation wells will be installed to a total depth of approximately 18 feet bis and
completed \\ith screened intervals from 8 to I 8 feet bis (identical to well CM1v!W I OJ
The new observation wells will be installed, completed, and developed similarly to the
injection well. Completion of the observation wells are also summarized in Table 2
and on Figure 4.
As outlined on Table 2, ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller also proposes to use the
intermediate well CMMW05 as an observation well for the field test. This well,
completed at the base of the unconsolidated s:iprolitc (screened from 35.5 to 45.4 feet
bis) will be used to ev:ilu:itc is if the reducing re:ictive zone crc:itcd in the shallow
portion of the aquifer will also propagate to the intermediate zone, solely by injection
in the shallow zone well IW-1.
Field Test Workplar.
for Enhanced
Reductive
Dechlorination
FIELD TEST WELL
NETWORK
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As shO\m on Figure 3, the three shallow observation wells are located at three
differing dist.'.lilces (approximately 5, 13, and 20 feet) from the injection well (see
Figure . These well locations were selected in order to adequately define the gwmetry
of the in-situ reactive zone. As depicted on Figure 3, well CMi'vfW05 will be located
"ithin close proximity to the injection well, since this well "ill be estimating
dom1ward propagation of the in-situ reactive zone.
Field Test Workplan
for Enhanced
Reductive
Dechlorination
FIELD TEST WELL
NETWORK
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5. PROPOSED FIELD TESTING PLAN
Fallowing installation of the injection well and the observation wells, the field testing
program will begin. The field test will consist of two components; reagent (molasses)
solution injections, and performance monitoring. Details of the molasses injection
portion of the test are outlined below. Field test performance monitoring is addressed
in Section 6. 0.
5.1 Reagent Injection
The composition of the reagent solution that v,,jll be used during the field testing, the
solution injection rate, and the injection procedures are discussed below.
5.1.1 Reagent Feed Solution
As outlined, molasses will be added to the subsurface in the form of a dilute solution.
Based on ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller's field testing and full-scale experience in
implementing this technology at similar sites, the proposed dilute molasses feed
solution will initially consist of a 20: I mixture of potable water and molasses (i.e., I
gallon of molasses for every 20 gallons of potable water). Typical molasses contains
sucrose, reducing sugars, organic non-sugars, and water, all of which are fully soluble
in water. The total consumable carbohydrate concentration in the molasses solution is
approximately 50 to 60 percent by weight, depending on the source of the material.
The composition of the molasses feed solution may be varied during the later stages of
the field test, depending on field measurements made in the observation wells and the
analytical results gathered during the initial rounds of groundwater sampling. The
amount of molasses injected in each well during the field testing can also be varied by
increasing or decreasing the amount of dilute solution injected, or by changing the
frequency of injection. ln addition, buffering agents may be required to be injected
along "ith the molasses solution to counter act possible depression of groundwater pH
in the source area, which sometimes occurs when applying this technique.
5.1.2 Molasses Feed Solution Feed Rate and frequency
An appropriate solution feed rate \,ill be established and maintained in order to ensure
that the amount of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in groundwater remains elevated,
and that the resultant biogcochemical conditions arc sufficiently reducing to allow
dehalogenation of the chlorinated VOCs. At the same time, the feed rate needs to be
controlled so as to minimize the amount of material that has to be injected into the
subsurface. The proposed solution feed rate has been calcubtcd based on achieving a
Field Test Workplan
for Enhanced
Reductive
Dechlorination
PROPOSED FIELD
TESTING PLAN
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DOC concentration of 50 milligrams per liter (mg.IL) in the groundwater that passes
through the injection well area. For the field design test, we have estimated an
injection rate of approximately 50 gallons per week of dilute molasses solution for
well TW-1, performed on a weekly basis will be re<Juired to achieve and sustain a DOC
of 50 mg.IL in the groundwater around the injection wells. This estimate is based on a
approximately 15-foot saturated thickness, and an average groundwater flow velocity
of 0.5 feet per day .
At the beginning of the test, the prescribed volume of dilute molasses solution will be
injected into the injection well on a weekly basis. However, the injection volume,
solution concentration, and/or the fre<juency of injection may be altered during the test
depending on field measurements made in the observation wells and the anal)tical
results of the initial rounds of groundwater sampling. The proposed injection volume
and frequency \\ill be adjusted based upon the monitoring results during the pilot test.
5.1.3 Molasses Feed Solution Feed Injection Procedure
Prior to each injection, the dilute molasses solution will be prepared in a temporary
tank that will be deployed near the injection well location. The feed solution will be
prepared by thoroughly mixing raw molasses and potable water in the proper ratio.
The molasses feed solution will then be pumped into the injection well using a transfer
pump or allowed to drain via gravity from the transfer tank.
The molasses injection \\ill be performed on a weekly basis. If performance data
indicates the injections are re<juired on a more or less fre<Jucnt basis, adjustments in
the injection sche,lulc \\ill be made accordingly.
A daily log \\ill be kept, to record the solution strength, molasses and water volumes
used, and the volume of dilute solution injecte,l into each injection well on a daily
basis. The log \\ill also be use,l to record any other relevant observations. A copy of
this log is included as Appendix A. ARCADlS Geraghty & Miller \\ill provide all
necessary equipment to perform the injection activities including the tank, mixer,
pump, and any temporary power sourcc(s) required.
5.2 Duration Of Field Study
Based on the rate of groundwater flow at the Site; and the proposed observation well
locations, AR CAD IS Geraghty & Miller anticipates that evidence of reducing
conditions will be observable in the closest observation wells \\ithin four weeks of
initiation of injection. However, based on our experience \\1th field testing of this
technology, the proposed field test duration at the Site will be twenty-six weeks (6
Field Test Workplan
for Enhanced
Reductive
Dechlorination
PROPOSED FIELD
TESTING PLAN
5-,
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AP.CADiS GERAGHTY&MILLER
months). Twenty-six weeks should allow enough time to demonstrate the minimum
extent to which the in-situ reactive zone can be established. This time period will also
provide the opportunity for collection of sufficient perfonnance data to support the
applicability of the technology to degrade the VOCs present in the groundwater.
Field Test Workplan
for Enhanced
Reductive
Dechlorination
PROPOSED FIELD
TESTING PLAN
5-3
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ARCA DIS GERAGHTY&MILLER
6. FIELD TEST PERFORMANCE MONITORING
The most critical portion of the in-situ ERD field test v,ill be the perfonnance
monitoring. In this portion of the test, field monitoring of selected indicator
parameters and groundwater sampling for field and laboratory analyses v,ill be
conducted. The data collected from these performance monitoring activities will be
evaluated against the proposed acceptance criteria, and this comparison v,ill be used to
judge if the in-situ ERD field test was successful and if the technology should be
retained for use to address the shallow, hot-spot area. The performance monitoring
activities are described below.
6.1 Monitoring Frequency
Performance monitoring mil take the form of a baseline sampling event and periodic
monitoring events during the twenty-six week operational period for the field testing.
The baseline monitoring event mil be used to establish the biogeochemical conditions
and CO! concentrations in groundwater, prior to initiation of the reagent injection.
Groundwater data collected during the test mil be evaluated based on a comparison to
the baseline data in order to evaluate the test performance. Two complete sampling
events two limited sampling events ,vill be performed during operation of the field test.
6.2 Data Collection
6.2.1 Baseline Data Collection
To establish baseline conditions (i.e., groundwater conditions prior to the start of the
field test), an initial round of groundwater elevation measurements and groundwater
quality samples v,ill be collected from the injection well (IW-1) from the four field test
observation wells (CM1'.!W05, CM1',!Wl0, POW-I, and POW-2) and from a
background well (SME0I). During this sampling event, the groundwater samples \\ill
be analyzed for a variety of organic and inorganic parameters to evaluate the
biogeochemical environment in the shallow groundwater, both in the hot-spot area and
in a background area. These analyses v,ill include field parameters, electron
acceptors, biodegradation byproducts and end products, other biogeochemical
indicators, and conventional VOC analyses (focusing on PCE, TCE, cis-1,2-DCE, and
VC). Det:J.ils regarding these various analyses arc included below:
• Field Parameters -The field parameters arc measured at each of the wells in the
field, and include indicator parameters that can be used to assess if conditions in
the groundwater system can support biodcgradation of the chlorinated VOCs.
These field parameters include dissolved oxygen (DO). redox, pH, temperature,
Field Test Workplan
for Enhanced
Reductive
Dechlorination
FIELD TEST
PERFORMANCE
MONITORING
6-i
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•
•
•
and specific conductance. A portable multiparameter meter will be used for
measuring these parameters in the field.
Electron Acceptors -Analysis for electron acceptors indicate the relative levels of
inorganic compounds present in the groundwater which act as electron acceptors
for the various respiration processes. These compounds include sulfate, nitrate,
ferric iron and manganese. Concentrations of electron acceptors in the site
groundwater before and after reagent injection can be used to determine the
predominant degradation mechanisms. The analytical methods to be used are
included in Table 3.
De,!radation Bvproducts and End Products -Analysis for the degradation
byproducts and end products indicate the relative levels of compounds formed by
the biodegradation and are therefore can be an indicator of reductive
dechlorination in concert with other observations. These byproducts and end
products include ferrous iron, dissolved manganese, sulfide, nitrite, nitrogen,
ammonia, carbon dioxide, chloride, ethene, ethane, and methane. The anal)tical
methods to be used are included in Table 3.
Others -Other parameters to be analyzed ...,;ll include: chemical and biological
oxygen demand (COD/BOD); DOC, and VOCs. The COD/BOD, DOC analyses
all measure the presence of organic carbon in the groundwater and \\ill be used to
assess if sufficient substrate is present for the degradation reactions to occur.
VOC analyses will allow for a direct assessment of the COi degradation during
the field test. The analytical methods to be used are included in Table 3.
The proposed baseline data collection is also summarized in Table 3.
6.2.2 Performance Monitoring Data Collection
Follo"ing initiation of the pilot testing, groundwater sampling events similar to the
baseline sampling ...,;11 be performed on a quarterly (every 13 weeks/3 months) basis to
assess the performance of the field test and determine the establishment of the reactive
zone. Monitor wells selected for quarterly sampling include the injection well (TW-1)
and four field test observation wells (CMi'.IW05, CMMWI0, POW-I, and POW-2).
During each of the two quarterly sampling events, groundwater samples will be
collected from these wells and analyzed for the same parameters as in the baseline
sampling event.
Field Test Workplan
for Enhanced
Reductive
Dechlorination
FIELD TEST
PERFORMANCE
MONITORING
6-2
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ARCADlS GERAGHTY&MILLER
It is assumed that additional field parameter monitoring will also be performed
following four and eight weeks of testing. These monthly monitoring events will
consist of collecting the field indicator parameters, field measurements of ferrous iron
and sulfide, and samples for laboratory analysis of DOC. The purpose of the
additional, abbreviated, sampling events will be lo collect additional data to support
the establishment of the in-situ reactive zone, as well as determine changes that may
need to be made to modify volume, strength, or frequency of the reagent injection.
The proposed performance monitoring, including the sampling parameters and
frequency, is also summarized on Table 3.
6.2.3 Groundwater Sampling Procedures
Prior to sample collection, water level mC:1Surements will be collected from each of the
observation wells. The observation wells that v.ill be sampled will then be purged
prior to measuring the indicator parameters and collecting the requisite groundwater
samples. Due to the highly sensitive nature of the biogeochemical sampling
parameters to be collected, both purging and sampling will be performed via low-flow
sampling using a low-flow submersible pump (Grundfos Redi-Flo II or equivalent).
These methods are well documented and are preferred for obtaining representative
groundwater samples for VOC analysis (Wiedemeier et al, 1996).
The submersible pump and dedicated polyethylene discharge tubing will be lowered to
the center of the screened interval of each well for the purging process. Groundwater
v.ill then be extracted fro,;, each well using low-flow sampling methods and v.ill be
directed into a flow-through chamber (cell). This cell will contain the DO, redox, pH,
specific conductance, and temperature probes and v.ill be designed and constructed in
such a manner as to preclude groundwater contact v.ith atmospheric air until after the
readings are obtained. During sampling and purging, care will be taken not to allow
the water level v.ithin the well to go below the top of the well screen (where possible)
since this could result in excess aeration of the groundwater.
Groundwater will continue to be purged from the observation well until the redox and
DO values stabilize. At that time, the groundwater samples will be collected from the
discharge of the submersible pump. No hcadspace v.ill be allowed in any of the
sample containers. For the analyses which require field filtering of groundwater
samples, dedicated, single-use, 0.45 micron filters v.ill be affixed to the discharge of
the submersible pump.
Field Test Workplan
for Enhanced
Reductive
Dechlorination
FIELD TEST
PERFORMANCE
MONITORING
6-3
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ARCADIS GERAGHTY&MILLER
Unless otherwise described., sampling, sample handling, decontamination and field
instrument calibration procedures will be performed as outlined in the RDWP for this
project (Geraghty & Miller, 1993).
6.2.4 Sample Analysis
The groundwater samples collected for off-site laboratory analysis will be placed in
the appropriate sampling containers and shipped to the laboratory for analysis. For
certain sensitive analytical parameters it will be necessary to perform field analysis in
lieu of, or in addition to, laboratory analyses. For example, the analyses for both
ferrous iron and sulfide will be performed in the field using HACH'"" test kits.
Table 3 contains a swnmary of the proposed field and laboratory analyses, including
the analytical methods, proposed for the field study.
6.2. 5 QNQC Samples
The QNQC sampling will include collection of one field blank, one equipment blank,
and one field duplicate sample during each of the three sampling events (baseline and
two performance monitoring), and one trip blank per sample cooler shipped during the
two sampling events in which VOC samples are collected. The field blank, equipment
blank, and trip blank will be analyzed for VOCs. The field duplicate sample "ill be
analyzed for all specified parameters from that sampling event with the exception of
the dissolved gases.
Field Test Workplan
for Enhanced
Reductive
Dechlorination
FIELD TEST
PERFORMANCE
MONITORING
6-l
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7. DATA EVALUATION AND REPORTING
After the field test has been completed, ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller will evaluate
the results of the field test to determine whether the field test is successful in reducing
the COi at the site. Due to high concentration of COi in the pilot study area and
relatively short test period (6 months), ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller believes that the
pilot test will be considered successful, if the COi concentrations are reduced by
approximately JO to 15 percent in the injection well and around 5 to JO percent in the
monitor wells by the end of the 26-week test. In addition, production of daughter
products (cis-1,2-DCE and VC and dissolved hydrocarbons (ethene and ethane) in the
injection and monitor wells are considered supporting data for the biologically
mediated degradation of the COi.
The performance data collected during operation of the field test will be periodically
compared to the baseline data and evaluated against the acceptance criteria. In
addition to the use of the acceptance criteria to demonstrate if the technology is
successful in removing VOCs from the groundwater, the number and location of the
observation wells in which the acceptance criteria are met will be used to define the
size and extent of the reactive zone from the injection wells. The size of the reactive
zone \\ill then be used to determine well spacing and the feasibility of appl)ing the in-
situ ERD technology at the site.
If the acceptance criteria are not met at the end of the twenty-six weeks of testing, but
sufficient evidence exists that the criteria could be met -either "ith modification of
that testing or through an"extension of the testing -then this option \;ill be evaluated in
the overall framework of the project and the goals of the field test and the project.
7.1 Field Test Report
FollO\,ing completion of the field test and evaluation of the performance monitoring
data \\1th respect to the acceptance criteria, a brief field test report will be prepared.
The report \\ill include the baseline and performance monitoring results, a discussion
on the success of the test, and a brief discussion of the feasibility of applying the
technology at the Site on a full-scale basis.
Field Test Workplan
for Enhanced
Reductive
Dechlorination
DATA EVALUATION
AND REPORTING
7-1
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ARCADIS GERAGHTY&MILLER
8. REFERENCES
Bechtel, 1992a, Remedial Investigation Report for the JFD Electronics/Ch:umel
Master Site, Oxford, Granville County, North Carolina, Bechtel
Environmental, Inc. April, 1992.
Bechtel, 1992b, Feasibility Study for the JFD Electronics/Channel Master Site,
Oxford, Granville County, North Carolina, Bechtel Environmental, Inc.
April, 1992.
Geraghty & Miller, 1994, Remedial Design Work Plan, JFD Electronics/Ch:umel
Master Site, Oxford, North Carolina, Geraghty & Miller, Inc. November
301993.
ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller, 1998, Additional Groundwater Sampling Results, JFD
Electronics/Ch:umel Master Site, Oxford, North Carolina. ARCADIS
Geraghty & Miller, Inc. April I 0, I 998
Wiedemeier, et al., 1996, Technical Protocol for Implementing Intrinsic Remediation
"ith Long-Term Monitoring for Natural Attenuation of Fuel Contamination
Dissolved in Groundwater, Air Force Center for Environmental Excellence.
Field Test Workplan
for Enhanced
Reductive
Dechlorination
REFERENCES
8-1
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Field Test Workplan
I ARCADIS GERAGHTY&MILLER for Enhanced
Reductive
Dechlorination
I TABLES
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I q ,\&g "'i•<t\lftk)'U nn\nct'l l0l.1 '"""ort p l•l'\\n.--p clo<\lO· No,,•tl
-- - - - - -- - - - - - - - --
AR CAD IS GERAGHTY & MILLER
Table I. Summary of Recent Groundwater Sampling Data -Test Area Monitoring Wells, Field-Scale Testing Program, JFD Electronics/Channel Master Site
Oxford, North Carolina.
Monitoring Well:
Sample Date:
Zone:
Concentration Unit:
Volatile Organic Compounds
(USEPA Method 8260)
Carbon tetrachloride
Chlorobenzene
Chloroform
I, 1-Dichloroethane
I, 1-Dichloroethene
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene
trans-1,2-Dichloroethene
Methylene chloride
Tetrachloroethene
I, I, I-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethene
Jlg/L Micrograms per liter.
CMMW--05
2/21/97
Intermediate
Jlg/L
<1,000
<1,000
<1,000
<1,000
390J112
NA2
11,000
<1,000
82,000DJ21
<
J
D
Compound was not detected above the quantitation limit.
Compound concentration is qualilied as estimated.
Compound was quantitated using a secondary dilution factor.
CMMW--05
2/27/98
Intermediate
Jlg/L
t 7J11
<25
<25
<25
52
680
<25
100J'1
8800
t2J"
15,000D
l
2
NA
Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and the Quantitation Limit).
Analysis from 2/97 did not differentiate cis-1,2-Dichloroethene and trans-1,2-Dichloroethene.
Not Applicable.
Not Reported.
CMMW-IO
2/21/97
Shallow
Jtg/L
<5,000
<5,000
<5,000
<5,000
<5,000'
NA'
8,500
<5,000
240,000D
CMMW-IO
2/26/98
Shallow
Jlg/L
<1,000
<1,000
<1,000
<1,000
<1,000
260J11
<1,000
510J11
3,800
<1,000
110,000D
g:\aproject\jft!du.nn\nc0202. l 60\workplan\Tablc I .xis
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ARCADIS GERAGHTY & MILLER
Table 2. Summa!)' of Proposed Injection and Observation Well Constmction, Field-Scale Testing Program• JFD Electronics/Channel Master Site,
Oxford, North Carolina.
Injection Well
Well ID
IW-1
Observation Wells
Well ID
CMMW-10
OW-I
OW-2
CMMW-05
Notes
bis -Below Land Surface
Screened
Interval (feet bis)
5-20
Screened
Interval (feet bis)
8-18
8-18
8-18
35-45
g:\apro j ect\j r dchann\nc02 02. 160\work p I an\ T II b le 2. xis
Total Well
De th (feet bis)
20
Total Well
De th (feet bis)
18
20
20
45
Zone
shallow
Zone
shallow
shallow
shallow
intennediate
Notes
proposed well
Notes
existing well
proposed well
proposed well
existing well
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Table 3. S~ of Propo.cd Performance Monitorina-FJCld Test, JFD Elcctronia/Charmd ~ Site, Oxford, North Drolina.
8 Sa,nnt;n ... Even1 w,n > C.
Budine IW·l L F
CMM\\r.tO L F
CMMW-5 L F
POW-I L F
POW-2 L F
SME01 L F
Fidd Test -Week 4 IW-1 --
and Weck If CM\fW-10 -
0.fMW-!i -
POW-1 -
POW-2 -
Fidd Tat-W~k 13 IW-1 L
and Weck 26 (3 month, O,L\,{W-10 L
and 6 montlu) CMMW-!i L
POW-1 L
POW-2 L
No~
VOCJ • Vo~tilc Orgmic Compound, (Method 1260)
Rcdox • Oxidltion Reduction Poc.rnti.il (fide!)
DO • DwoMd Oxygen (field)
Spc:c. Cond. -Specific Conductmce (fickf)
C:J-h • Ethmc (},ficroaecps Method A.MU)
C2H6 • EUWlc (Microaeq,:, Method A.\113)
CH4 • Ethcnc r.-,ficrosecps Method A.\115.01 or A.\118)
Ol-Oxygcn a,.ficroaec::p1 Method AMI!i.01)
Nl-Nitrogen (Mi~q,s Method A.\.il!i.01)
Fe (toUI.) • TouJ Iron Cvfcthod 6010)
Fe (du.I.)· Dwolved Iron (Method 6010) -Field filtered.
Fe1+ -Ferrous Iron (l-bch, Colorimetric)
?-.ln -M.ing.anc:3C (},kthod 6010)
SO( 2· -Sulfat.c: ().kthod 375.4)
S l• • Sulfide (l-uch, Colorimetric)
}:03 -• Nitrate: (method 3U2)
NO2 ··Nitrite (method 353.2)
TOC-Toul Orgmic D:rbon (Mcthod-ll!i.l)
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
• .g
~
F
F
F
F
F
F
-
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
D<X • Dwotvcd Org;i:nic Czrbon (.\fcthod 415.1) • Field filtaui
J-'.1P1"J..ct'j rJdu.nn\ndl:O'l.160\wofkplu\T abJ.) .ili
g " [ 0 u
0 :!! Ii 8 I!. B C >-~
F F F L L
F F F L L
F F F L L
F F F L L
F F F L L
F F F L L
-----
F F F --
F F F --
F F F --
F F F --
F F F L L
F F F L L
F F F L L
F F F L L
F F F L L
ti
L
L
L
L
L
L
-----
L
L
L
L
L
Analym/Pararnct.er
! ,., 3 i i 0 M
0 " ~ 0 0 :z 8 • • ~ C " u "' "' "' ::1 ~ ~ z
L L L L L H L L L H L
L L L L L H L L L H L
L L L L L H L L L H L
L L L L L H L L L H L
L L L L L H L L L H L
L L L L L H L L L H L
-----H ---H ------H ---H ------H ---H ------H ---H ------H ---H -
L L L L L H L L L H L
L L L L L H L L L H L
L L L L L H L L L H L
L L L L L H L L L' H L
L L L L L H L L L H L
Chloride • (Mo<hod 325.2)
BOD· Biologi~ Oxygen Demand (Method 405.1)
COD· Chcmi~ Oxysen Demand (?-,fcthod 410.2)
NH4+ • Ammonia (Method 350.1)
L -ubor.atory ~is
H • llich Kil An.ily,is
F • Field Mc:.uuremenl
-No S=plc to be Collected
Cl
-:l 0 u ·c a ! 0 8 ~ 0 :a 0 ~ z >-u "'
L L L L L L
L L L L L L
L L L L L L
L L L L L L
L L L L L L
L L L L L L
-L L ----L L ----L L ----L L ----L L
L L L L L L
L L L L L L
L L L L L L
L L L L L L
L L L L L L
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I Field Test Workplan
ARCADIS GERAGHTY&MILLER for Enhanced
Reductive
I Dechlorination
FIGURES
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I II ,...~t0i•<t\llddla""\ndl202. I IO\,,,,o,t;plal'I .... _, 6oc\)Q.No<,-91
- -
0
--
OXfORO
PRIIITtNG
150
ARCADIS GERAGHTY&MILLER
2301 Rexwoods Drive
Suite 200 RALEIGH, NC 27607
Tel• ':1191782-55\l
- - --
PRJT MANAGER•
N, SHETTY
DRA\JING•
SITE PLAN
DATE•
16SEPT90
--
CHECKED BY•
M, HANSEN
- - - - - - ---w.rno
-x-x-FtNCE OW-1 ~ OBSERV.\TION W[l1-
CULVERT ,;, SH>UOW WEU.
ORIJN,1,G[ CREEi< 0 1tlT£R1.1EDtAT£ wru
PROPERTY UNE 0 SHALLOW BEDROCK WEU
~ TRIT LINE • DEEP BEDROCK WEU.
~ """"''' " TOP Of ROCK WfLL
PW-1 .. PUt,jPING W[U C.UllW01 .RI W[U/RO WEl.L
CONCRETE
PAD
----
___AJ
C~MW06 Q Cl,H.IW\8 0 -----'. I __ r -_Qcu~\9
DRAFTER• PROJECT NUMBER•
M. VASILEVSKI
SITE PLAN
JFO ELECTRONICS/CHANNEL MASTER
OXFORD. NORTH CAROLINA
NC000202.0160
FIGURE:
1
-
~ • C
~ a ,
0 < •
0
- - - --
... cuuwog
X ----PAD ..__, ::--X ....__ ~~--x ---x ...._ ~X---Cl.4U'W05
~ -'-------..x
I0-I.}-Qt, 2-21-97
TCE .}5,000 !2,000J
PCE 6.500 !l.000
c,s .}90J
vc <1000
OXFORD
PRl!HlllG
2-n-Qa
15 0000
0000
oeo
<500
150
-
ARCADIS GERAGHTY&MILLER
2301 Rexwoods Drive
Sulte 200 RALEIGH, NC 27607
Teh 9!9/782-5511
--
10·}-91. Z-Zl-97
160,000 ll.0,000
5,J00J MOO
<5,000
<5,000
PRJT MANAGER•
N. SHETTY
DRA\JING•
FLDTEST
DATE1
16SEPT98
-
SI0J
<1,000
-TCE
PCE
CIS
vc
CHECKED BY•
M. HANSEN
---- - - -- -I(['( TO DATA BOX illEllil
2-26-Q8 Dole Somp!ed
110.0000 Trlchloroethone (µg/l) -x-x-frNCE ow-, C,i OBS[INATION wnt
.3,800 T11trochloro1\hon11 (µg/l) CULVERT ... SKAU.OW Wfil
5'0J c1s-1,2-0Jehloroeth1n1 (119/L) DRAINAGE CREEK 0 ltITERll(DLAT( wru
<1.000
"' "' J
(µg/L)
D
Vinyl Chloride (;11,1/l)
Not Anolyted
Nol Oet,eled
E,timoted Cone,ntrollon
microgram, per liter
Compound Wo1 0uonutot1d Ualng o Secondary Ollu\lon
Factor
Ct..lUW1,t~ (iii
Cl,OJW15
DRAFTER•
H. 'w'ASIL[\JSKl
PROPERTY LINE
~ TR(( l!N[
~ RAILROAD ,,._, .. PUUPING WE:tL
--
PROJECT NUMBER•
--
0 • Q
CIJ!.M'01
SWJJ.OW MOROCK WEll
DEEP BEDROCK WELL
TOP Of ROCK WE\.L
RI Wf:l.L/RO 'NEU
----
CONCRETE
PAD
--------,---r___rr
('
~
,__J._J
CUUW\8 0
NC000202,0160
GROUNDWATER VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND
DAT A SUMMARY -FIELD TESTING AREA
FIGURE:
2 JFD ELECTRONICS/CHANNEL MASTER
OXFORD, NORTH CAROLINA
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A.tvo
~ ARCADJS GERAGHTY&MILLER
~ ~ g-u
14◄97 North Dole t.lobry H•y., Suite 115
Tempo, Florido 33618
Tel; 813/961-1921 Foic 813/961-2599
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DATE PRC)..(CT M-'NAG£R PRQ..£CT Of"fla'.R
11/30/98 N.S. W.H.0.
LE.AO DESIGN PRCf". Q-IEO<EO ORA'IIN C.R. NS ,~ 'i;;;~~~=+=====--==-j ----t"""PRQ..ECJ NUMBER
~-We~' NC00202.0016
PW-SA
6PW-58
4138 -----------
N
o· 10 20 ~ j SCALE: 1· .. 20·
PROPOSED FIELD PILOT TEST WELL LA YOlIT
JFD ELECTRONICS/CHANNEL MASTER
OXFORD, NORTH CAROLINA
LEGEND
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PO~ PCu:
SANITAAY SE'WER MANHOI...£
WATER ... AL'-£
FlR( H'l't>R.v/T
O\.'EA HEAD El.£CTRlC
CUY PC:U:
FENCE LINE
FENCE UNE
SANITARY SEWER
PROPERTY LINE
TREE LINE
INTUU.IIDA TE 'IIO..L
SHAUOW 'IIO..L
AS-BUil T RECO'vt'.:RY Yl(U.
PROPOSED LH.EC1lCN Yl(U.
PROPOS£D C8SERVATICN I/IO.:
flGURE NUl.48ER
3
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. ARCAO]S GERAGHTY&MILLER
2301 Rexwoods Drive
Suite 200 RALEIGH, NC 27607
T et, 919/782-5511
' 0
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STEEL PROTECTIVE
MANHOLE COVER
LAND
SURFACE
BENTONITE SEAL
i--->-t---4"0 STAINLESS
STEEL CASING
>-->----10"0 BORING
4"0 STAINLESS STEEL SCREEN
(0.01 0" SLOT)
o
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SILICA SAND FILTER PACK
INJECTION WELL IW-1
N.T.S.
PIUT .......w,,
N. Sl£TTT
CHECKED BY•
H. HANSEN
NOT TO SCALE
DRAF'"TER•
H. 'JASILE\ISICJ
DRA\l!NG•
\JELLS
DAT(,
15SEP99
PROJECT NUMBER• NC000202.0160
JF0 ELECTRONICS/CHANNEL MASTER
OXFORD, NORTH CAROLINA
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STEEL PROTECTWE
MANHOLE COVER
LAND r SURFACE.
GROUT
BENTONITE SEAL
SILICA SAND
FILTER PACK
OBSERVATION WELL POW-1,
POW-2 N.T.S.
PROPOSED FIELD TEST
WELL DETAILS
FIGURE.:
4
I
Field Test Workplan
I for Enhanced
ARCADIS GERAGHTY&MILLER Reductive
Dechlorination
I APPENDIX A
I REAGENT
INJECTION LOG
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I 11 '_.~rol•<"t'ltd<hannl,,~:02.1,ll'o.o<t11l•nlll.......,1t do<\JO-~cn-tl
-------------------
Injection Well #
Date
Injection
No.
.
s;\ap-otjct\ndll01. I 60\wortplnV.ppena ,:.U\JnjJc,s
APPENDIX A
REAGENT INJECTION LOG
FIELD DESIGN TEST
JFD Electronics/Channel Master
Oxford, North Carolina
Solution
Siren th Ratio
Volume
In ected allons Notes/ Observations
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