NC0001606250_19990630_Cristex Drum_FRBCERCLA PA SI_Integrated PA SI Volume IV - References 19 - 42-OCR

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STATE OF
NORTH CAROLINA
Department of Environment
and Natural Resources
Division of Waste Management
Supe,fund Section
INTEGRATED PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT/SITE INSPECTION (PA/SI
VOLUME IV REFERENCES 19 THRU 42
Cristex Drum Site
NCO 001 606 250
Oxford, Granville County, NC
Reference No. 06597
June 1999
Jeanette Stanley
Em'ironmental Chemist
Division of Waste Management
Supe,fund Section
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To:
From:
Subject:
Date:
MEMORANDUM
File
Donna Wilson
Environmental Engineer
North Carolina Superfund Section
Preliminary Assessment/Site Inspection
Cristex Drum Site, NCO 001 606 250
Oxford, Granville County
October 15, 1998
On August l 0 -13, I 998, PA/SI sampling was conducted at the above referenced site.
The sampling was conducted by Donna Wilson, Harry Zinn, Doug Rumford, Jeanette
Stanley, Doug Moore, and Stuart Parker. The arrangement of teams varied throughout
the trip.
Two vans were prepared for the trip. At 7: 15 on August I 0, the 1993 van would not start.
Doug Moore and Stuart Parker stayed in Raleigh to have the van checked and everyone
else left for the site.
The following notes were taken in my fieldbook:
We arrived at the site at 9:55. At the berm area, EPA contractor Inco was present and had
already dug the first hole into the berm with a backhoe. Dave Mattison of our office was
providing oversight and direction for locations of test digs based on the magnetometer
survey.
At 10:10, we drove to the front of the Cristex building, drove through the parking lot onto
the grass to sample location CD-0 l /02, which was background for the soil and
groundwater samples. The sampling location was outside the Cristex fenced area, but on
the Cristex property, approximately 160 feet south of the small (education) building
(southeast corner), and 170 feet east of Industry Drive. At I 0:20, Doug Rumford
collected CD-01-SL from a depth of0 to 6 inches. The sample consisted of brown silty
clay. Photo # 2 was taken of sample CD-0 I-SL.
At I 0:35, Doug and Harry began augering with the Little Beaver power auger at location
CD-0 I /02. Photo #3 was taken of the Little Beaver augering. Soil encountered from 0 to
Ref 19
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Memo to File
October 15, 1998
Page 2
5 feet consisted of brown silty clay with orange mottle, Saprolite was encountered at a
depth of 5 feet. Slightly damp soil was encountered at 11 feet. At 11: I 0, sample CD-02-
SL was collected by Jeanette Stanley, at a depth of 11 feet. Photo #4 was taken ofCD-
02-SL.
At 11: 15, Kirk Pollard and Leland Laymon from Mid-Atlantic Associates arrived at
sample location CD-0 l /02. Someone from their office would be collecting split samples
for Derr Leonhardt, representing the landowner, George Christiansen. They left a short
time later.
Dave Mattison arrived at location CD-0 I /02 and informed me that the exploratory digs
into the berm were finished and that no drums were found. He remained to assist Harry
and Doug with operating the Little Beaver auger. Stuart Parker and Doug Moore arrived
at the site, after switching vehicles and repacking the equipment.
At approximately 12: 15, Stuart Parker and Doug Moore left location CD-0 I /02 to begin
sampling the surface water pathway. At 12:20, Jeanette and I left location CD-01/02 to
begin sampling behind the Cristex building.
At 12:45, sample CD-05-SL was collected by Jeanette by the drum storage pad. The
, sample consisted of dark brown loam and had no noticeable odor. The sample was
collected by the concrete pad, directly east of the cargo door, and behind a small dirt
berm. Photo #5 was taken of CD-05-SL. Derr Leonhardt refused a split sample.
Near the drum storage pad, in the corner of the building was an oil/water separator,
covered with black oil. Pipes from the separator went underground and appeared to enter
the ditch. At I :10, samples CD-03-SL and duplicate CD-103-SL were collected by
Jeanette within the drainage ditch, downgradient of the pipe that discharged to the ditch.
The sample was collected at a depth of 0 to 6 inches and consisted of light brown tan
sandy loam, with orange mottle. Derr Leonhardt split sample CD-03-SL, but not CD-
103-SL.
At I :45, Jeanette collected CD-04-SL from between the two above ground storage tanks,
closer to the site road. The sample consisted of dark brown soil with hardened fuel oil
and gravel. No odor was noted.
At 2:00, Jeanette and I returned to sample location CD-01/02. The temporary well had
been installed, but the groundwater level had not stabilized. I recorded readings every I 0
minutes while Doug, Harry, and Jeanette left for lunch.
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Memo to File
October 15, 1998
Page 3
Time
1520
1530
1540
1550
1600
Top of Casing
18.19
18.1
17.9
17.75
17.65
At 4: 10, Doug, Harry, Jeanette, and I drove to the back of the Cristex property to locate
sample location CD-06-SL/GW. Jeanette drove back to location CD-01/02 to monitor the
groundwater levels.
Sample location CD-06-SL/GW was by the underground lagoon inlet pipe, east of the
above ground storage tanks. We were concerned about the possibility of underground
utilities between the building and the lagoon so we were conservative and moved further
east toward the ditch. The location was near the site road. It began to rain intermittently.
At 4:25, augering with the Little Beaver began. At 5:05, sample CD-06-SL was collected
at a depth of IO feet. The sample consisted of gray and orange sandy clay. James
Gamble of Mid-Atlantic Associates split the sample. At approximately 6:00,
groundwater was encountered at a depth of 27 feet. At 7:00, the temporary well was
installed.
Photos #21 -25 were taken with a second camera of sampling location CD-06-SL/GW,
the drainage ditch, and the drum storage pad. Photo #1 was taken of sample CD-06-SL.
At 7:00, Jeanette reported that the static water level at well CD-02-GW had not
stabilized. We decided to let the groundwater in both wells (CD-02-GW and CD-06-
GW) stabilize overnight, and to sample in the morning.
We left the site at approximately 7:30, arrived in Raleigh at 8:20, dropped off samples,
and arrived back at the office at 8:50.
On August 11, 1998, we arrived at the site at 9:00. Doug and Harry began hand augering
CD-20-GW, the temporary groundwater well downgradient of the lagoon, near the
northeast corner.
I drove to the background well location, CD-01/02 and met with Doug Moore, Stuart, and
Calvin Whitefield of Geraghty & Miller, contractors for the JFD project. We decided to
delay sampling the monitoring wells and to install the temporary wells first, so that the
water level had time to stabilize.
At approximately 11 :00, Stuart and Doug began set-up for hand augering CD-19-GW,
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Memo to File
October 15, 1998
Page 4
which was adjacent to and upgradient of the lagoon, near the southwest corner.
At 11 :30, I returned to sample location CD-02-GW to collect samples. At 10:45, the
surfactant sample was collected. The well was purged for approximately 5 minutes.
At 12:25, the calibration of the turbidity meter was checked. At 12:40 and 12:50, the
volatile samples were collected for CD-02-GW and duplicate CD-102-GW.
Time
12:40
12:55
14:30
Turbidity
21.3 NTU.
15.7
16.2
The water was recharging at a very slow rate and collection of samples was slow. At
12:55, collection of the metals sample commenced. Jeanette propped the sample tubing
into the metals bottle and left the site to collect other samples. At 14:30, the bottle was
full and the metals sample for CD-02-GW was collected. Duplicate samples were not
collected for metals or semi-volatiles because of the slow recharge rate.
At 5:30, the static water level of well CD-06-GW was 18.35 feet.
At approximately 5:00, Harry and Doug Rumford begin hand augering at sample location
CD-12-SL, within the former drum disposal area. At 5:20, samples CD-12-SL and
duplicate CD-112-SL were collected at a depth of 10 feet below land surface.
At 18:00, the surfactant sample for CD-06-GW (by the underground lagoon inlet) was
collected by Doug Rumford. Collection of the sample caused the well to purge dry. The
pump flow rate was reduced. At 18: 15, Doug and Harry attempted to use the Grundfos
pump on the well, but it caused the turbidity to increase to above 1000 NTUs. At 18:30,
the peristaltic pump was replaced and purging continued. At 19:45, the turbidity reading
was 31 NTUs. We decided to continue sampling in the morning.
At 9:30, Harry and I arrived in Raleigh, unloaded equipment, repacked samples and
transferred them to the Bath Building.
On August 12, 1998, we arrived at the site at 9: 10 and began setup to collect sample CD-
06-GW. At 10:00, sample CD-06-GW was collected by Harry. Parameters were as
follows:
Turbidity 16.9 NTU pH 5.99 Temperature 24.0 C
James Gamble accepted a split sample.
At approximately I 0:00, Jeanette and I went to the lagoon area to collect samples CD-14,
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October 15, 1998
Page 5
15, and 16. The lagoon contained water at a depth greater than 2 feet, as tested by the
shepherd's hook sampling rod, so wading into the middle of the lagoon was not feasible.
Areas of the lagoon surface were covered by red-brown bubbly scum. At I 0: 15, I
collected sample CD-14-SD near the inlet of the lagoon (south end) by standing on the
east banks of the lagoon. The shepherd's hook was used to obtain a sediment sample
approximately 4 feet beyond the water's edge. The sample was black, oily, and smelled
strongly of petroleum. A split sample was refused. Photos # 13 -15 were taken.
At I 0:40, I collected sample CD-15-SD near the middle of the lagoon along the east side.
Photo #16 was taken of the facility and the outfall pipe from sample location CD-15-SD.
Photo #17 was taken of sample location CD-15-SD. We prepared a split sample for
James Gamble in the jars he provided. He was not present at the lagoon.
At 11 :40, Jeanette collected sample CD-17-SL, approximately 30 to 40 feet downgradient
of the cut in the berm of the lagoon. The area appeared to be a wetland and a drainage
area, but not a ditch. The sample consisted of medium brown sandy, clayey silt. Photo
# 18 was taken.
At 12:00, sample CD-16-SD was collected by Jeanette of the lagoon sludge near the
outlet. The sample was collected near the breach in the sidewall and was comprised of
light brown/green/grey silty clay with a plastic consistency. The sample had a petroleum
odor, but not as strong as samples CD-14 and CD-15.
At 12:25, we broke for lunch. I monitored well CD-13-GW while Doug and Harry went
to lunch.
Jeanette and I walked to the barren area. At 2:50, Jeanette collected sample CD-09-SL in
a runoff channel approximately 30 feet below the barren area. The soil consisted of clay
with green mossy cover. The sample was collected within O to 6 inch depth. Photos #20
and 21 were taken.
At 3:45, sample CD-33-SL was collected by Doug Rumford in front of the oil/water
separator, by the drum storage pad. The sample was collected at a depth of O to 6 inches
and had a petroleum odor. The area was approximately 15 feet x 15 feet and was stained
black. This sample was not on the original sampling plan. James Gamble split the
sample. Photo #25 was taken of a 55-gallon drum at the oil/water separator.
On August 13, we arrived at the site at 9: 10. Doug Rumford and Harry began purging
well CD-20-GW, which was downgradient of the lagoon. I drove to Lewis Street to
locate a residence to collect a drinking water sample. At I 0:00, I talked with Hoffman
Suitt of 812 Lewis Street. He owns the closest house to the site on Lewis Street that uses
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a well. The house was a rental house, at 807 Lewis Street, occupied by one person,
Tommy Brooks. I arranged permission to return later for sampling of the well.
After helping Doug and Harry decommission well CD-13-GW, which was upgradient of
the drum disposal area, Jeanette and I returned to Mr. Suitt's rental house. At 12:38, we
began purging. The spigot was located on a farm building in back of the house. The well
was located under a concrete slab.
Initial parameters: pH 11.81 Temperature 24 C
Because of the high pH reading, the meter was recalibrated.
Time
12:48
12:58
I :03
pH
5.73
6.02
6.02
Temperature
20.1 C
21.2
19.5
Al 1 :08, sample CD-32-PW was collected by Jeanette.
The following notes were taken in Dave Mattison's fieldbook:
On August 10, Dave Mattison arrived at the site at 8: IO and met with Tim Neal and Tim
Royer of Weston, and Johnny Baines and Billy Rawls oflnco. Four areas to be excavated
were defined. The farthest point was excavated to a depth of approximately 5 feet.
Nothing was found. The second, third, fourth, and fifth areas were excavated, and in all
cases nothing was found other than miscellaneous debris (brick, metal straps, etc.). Each
area was excavated to the apparent natural surrounding grade. All areas were backfilled
with original material. At 11 :00, the crew from Inco left the site.
At 11 :00, Dave M. drove to sample location CD-01/02 to assist. Groundwater was
encountered at a depth of 17 to 18 feet. The soil from O to 15 feet consisted of light
brown, moist sandy silt. The soil at a depth of 15 to 21 feet consisted of brown wet
medium sand. The well casings were installed to a depth of 19 feet below grade. The
depth to groundwater was monitored as follows:
Time
12:38
12:45
12:50
12:55
13:00
13:05
Groundwater elevation to top of casing
20.7 ft.
20.55
20.475
20.425
20.325
20.3
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13: I 0
13:20
13:30
13:50
14:00
14: I 0
14:20
14:30
14:40
14:50
15:00
15: I 0
20.2
19.9
19.8
19.65
19.5
19.3
19.1 I
18.95
18.8
18.55
18.4
18.35
At 14:20, James Gamble of Mid Atlantic Associates arrived at the site. He will collect
split samples from Derr Leonhardt on Tuesday and Wednesday.
On August 11, at 12:30, Doug Rumford, Harry, and Dave Mattison began setup of CD-
13-GW, the well upgradient of the former drum disposal area. Six of the auger flights
were decontaminated that morning by Jeanette in our lab at Herrington Street.
At approximately I :30, Jeanette and I drove to the Oak Ridge Apartments and spoke
with the office manager Melinda Hudson about the collection of samples in the creek.
The intermittent stream flows through a culvert underneath the parking lot and sidewalk
of the apartment complex. At I :40, I collected sample CD-22-SL in the intermittent
stream south of the parking lot, near the culvert, upgradient of the apartment complex.
The sample consisted of tan/brown sandy gravel. At 2:10, Jeanette collected sample CD-
23-SL north of the parking lot, near the culvert, downstream of the apartment complex.
The sample consisted of grey tight clay. Both samples were composited insitu. Photos #
9 through 12 were taken of sample locations CD-22-SL and CD-23-SL. The ditch and
culvert area is accessible to area children.
At 2:30, I checked back with Harry, Doug Rumford, and Dave Mattison. They finished
installing well CD-13-GW fifteen minutes ago. The depth of the well was 27 feet.
On August 13, at 2:30, Doug Rumford, Harry, and I walked along the railroad track to
where the drainage from the east side of the JFD property crosses the railroad track. We
walked back along the drainage pathway to behind the Oak Ridge Apartments. At 3:00,
sample CD-21-SL was collected by Doug Rumford, about 50 feet below the railroad
culvert, and IO feet upstream of a drainage pipe that drained from the closest apartment
building. A manhole was present on the banks of the ditch, about IO feet upstream of
where the sample was taken.
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At 3:30, I met with Doug Moore and Stuart, who had delineated a wetland from the area
north of the lagoon, in the area where sample CD-17-SL was collected. A background
intermittent stream sample was needed. The first intermittent stream sample we chose
was downstream ofa lake owned by Barent Currin, but the stream was dry. We then
drove to a tributary of Fishing Creek, approximately one mile southeast of the Cristex
property. At 16:25, I collected sample CD-40-SW, approximately 6 to S feet upstream of
the confluence with the perennial stream.
At I 6:35, we left for Raleigh.
The following notes were taken in Doug Moore's fieldbook:
On August I 0, Doug and Stuart arrived at the Cristex site at 11 :00, after switching
vehicles because of problems with the van.
From 11 :45 to 12:45, Stuart and Doug walked downstream of sampling points CD-27,
CD-26, and CD-25. They were unable to locate the junction of the intermittent stream
that receives runoff from the Cristex site to the perennial stream.
The water flow pattern in the vicinity of sample location CD-27/127-SW/SD was steeply
channelized. The banks of the creek were about S feet tall comprised of clay. No
wetland hydrology was apparent, contrary to the indications of the National Wetlands
Inventory Map. Doug contacted me by radio and I advised Doug to delete sample CD-
27/127 from the sampling plan. At 13:00, Doug and Stuart left for lunch.
At 14:25, Doug and Stuart arrived at the home of Mrs. Knotts on Lewis Street (Highway
15). They walked by her property down to the intermittent stream to locate sample
locations CD-24, CD-25, and CD-26. The confluence of the intermittent stream with the
perennial stream was hidden by dense vegetation. Both creeks were channelized with
steep, clay banks, meanders, and rocky bottoms. No evidence of wetlands was noted.
The creeks were about S feet wide and I to 2 feet deep in pools of low flow.
At 15:20, Stuart collected surface water sample CD-24-SW on the intermittent stream,
upgradient of the confluence. At 16:2S, Doug Moore collected sediment sample CD-24-
SD. The sample point corresponds to GPS location COS I 020C.
At 16:15, Doug Moore collected sample CD-26-SW and duplicate sample CD-126-SW
on the perennial stream, approximately 75 feet below the confluence. At 16:50, Doug
collected sediment sample CD-26-SD and duplicate sample CD-126-SD. The sample
point corresponds to GPS location COS I 020A.
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At 16: 15, Stuart collected surface water sample CD-25-SW on the perennial stream,
approximately 25 to 30 feet upstream of the confluence. At 16:20, Stuart collected
sediment sample CD-25-SD. The sample point corresponds to GPS location COS I 0208.
On August 11, Doug and Stuart arrived at the site at I 0:00 and discussed the sampling
plan with me. At approximately I 0:40, Doug and Stuart arrived at sample location CD-
19-GW, the temporary well upgradient of the lagoon (southwest corner of the lagoon).
Stuart checked the Mini-Rae calibration, which was reading 95 ppm for the calibration
gas. From l l :00 to 12:45, Stuart and Doug augered 12.5 feet below land surface and
installed temporary well CD-19-GW. The OVA readings in the soils above the
groundwater table measure IO meter unit deflections. The soil was red silty clay with
small layers of saprolite and gray clay near the water table. At 13 :00, Doug and Stuart
left for lunch.
At 15:25, Doug and Stuart arrived at monitoring location CD-30-GW (MW16 by
Geraghty & Miller's identification) and met with Chris Whitefield of Geraghty & Miller.
The well tag provided the following information:
Installed by Graham & Currie on July 14, 1994
Depth 20 feet
Screen 6 -16 feet
Sand 4 -20 feet
Bentonite 3 - 4 feet
Grout 0 - 3 feet
2 inch well
The water column was calculated to be 13.87 feet of water. Three well volumes was
calculated to be 6.7 gallons. At 15:50, Doug Moore collected the surfactant sample from
well CD-30-GW (MW16) from the middle of the water column (about 9 feet below the
top of the wellhead). The pH meter and the turbidity meter were calibrated. The
following parameters were measured:
Well volumes Turbidity pH Temperature Conductivity
purged
I 8.7NTU 6.65 21.3 C 832
2 7.53 6.98 20.3 806
3 4.83 6.73 21.0 806
4 3.04 6.69 20.8 790
At 17:05, Stuart collected sample CD-30-GW.
At 17:45, Stuart and Doug arrive at Oxford Printing to sample CD-31-GW (MW! l ). The
depth of the well from the top of casing was 19.95 feet. The depth to water was 6.4 feet.
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The depth of the water column was calculated to be 13.55 feet. Three well volumes was
calculated to be 6.5 gallons. The well tag provided the following information:
Installed by Graham & Currie on July 26, 1994
Depth 19 feet
Casing depth 18 feet
2 inch diameter
Screened interval 8 -18 feet
Sand 6 -19 feet
Bentonite 4 - 6 feet
Grout 0 - 4 feet
At 17:55, Doug Moore collected the surfactant sample from CD-31-GW (MW! 1) from
the middle of the water column, approximately 9 feet below the riser. The turbidity meter
and the pH meter were calibrated. The following parameters were measured:
Well volumes Turbidity pH Temperature Conductivity
purged
1 5.38 NTU 6.50 21.2 C 356 us
2 2.04 6.53 21.6 349
3 1.56 6.6 20.8 345
At 18:50, Stuart collected groundwater sample CD-31-GW (MW! I). At 19:20, Doug
and Stuart drove back to the Cristex site and transferred the samples to the main van.
On August 12, Doug and Stuart arrived at the site at 9: IO and picked up the key to the
Geraghty & Miller monitoring wells from Chris Whitefield. They drove to sample
location CD-28-GW (MW20) on the Cristex property. Stuart checked the vapor levels in
the head space of the well with the Mini-Rae. The unit measure 4 meter units. The depth
of the well from the top of the riser was 27.44 feet. The depth to water from the top of
the riser was 13. 65 feet. The depth of the water column was calculated to be 13.79 feet.
Three well volumes was calculated to be 6.6 gallons. The well tag provided the following
information:
Installed by Graham & Currie on March 7, 1995
Casing depth 25 feet
Screened interval 15-25 feet
Sand 13 -15 feet
Bentonite 11-13 feet
Grout 0 - I I feet
The turbidity meter and the pH meter were calibrated. The following parameters were
measured:
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Well volumes Turbidity pH Temperature Conductivity
purged
1 7.52 NTU 5.74 21.2 C 273 us
2 1.4 5.79 19.9 272
3 0.82 5.66 20.3 267
At I 0:45, Doug collected the surfactant sample from CD-28-GW (MW20) from the
middle of the water column, approximately IO feet below the top of the riser. James
Gamble accepted a split sample. At 12:05, Stuart collected sample CD-28-GW (MW20).
At 12:30, Doug and Stuart left for lunch.
At 14:05, Doug and Stuart arrived at sample location CD-29-GW (MW2 l ). The well tag
provided the following information:
Installed by Graham & Currie on July 15, 1994
Depth 16 feet
Casing depth 15 feet
2 inch diameter
Screened interval 5 -15 feet
Sand 3 -16 feet
Bentonite 2 - 3 feet
Grout O - 2 feet
The Mini-Rae readings of the well headspace fluctuated between 40 to 200 meter units.
The depth of the well was 17.83 feet. The depth to the top of the water was 4 feet. The
depth of the water column was calculated to be 13.83 feet. Three well volumes was
calculated to be 6.6 gallons.
At 14:10, Stuart collected the surfactant sample from monitoring well CD-29-GW
(MW21) at the middle of the water column, approximately 10 feet below the top of the
riser. The ph meter and the turbidity meter were calibrated. The following parameters
were measured:
Well volumes Turbidity pH Temperature Conductivity
purged
1 3.65 NTU 6.4 23.0 655 us
2 0.59 6.46 23.3 639
3 0.63 6.56 23.1 643
At 15: 10, Stuart collected groundwater sample CD-29-GW (MW2 l ).
At this point, Doug Moore's fieldbook was full, and he switched to Stuart's fieldbook to
continue taking notes.
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The following notes were taken in Stuart Parker's fieldbook:
On August 12, at 16:00, Stuart and Doug drove back to the Cristex property and began
setup to sample well CD-19-GW. The depth of the well was 9.2 feet and the distance to
groundwater was 4.875 feet. The water column was calculated to be 4.325 feet. Three
well volumes was calculated to be 2.1 gallons. At 16: 15, Stuart collected the surfactant
sample from well CD-19-GW, about 8 feet below the top of the well. James Gamble
received a split sample. The turbidity reading was 52.2 NTUs. The following parameters
were recorded:
Well volumes Turbidity pH Temperature Conductivity
purged
2.5 26.4 NTUs 6.43 28 C 409
2.75 20.3 6.59 25.8 433
3 14.7 6.48 25.7 441
In measuring the turbidity, Doug noticed a temporal change in the same sample with time.
A sample was collected and placed inside the turbidity meter. Every minute for fifteen
minutes a reading was taken. After fifteen minutes, the clear sample had developed an
orange suspension.
Time Turbidity
0 14.7
23.7
2 32.0 (light yellow)
3 44.4
4 58.4 (yellow-orange)
5 74.2
6 90.5
7 108
8 127
9 145 ( orange-yellow)
10 162
I 1 178
12 194
13 209
14 224
15 239
16 251
Doug concluded that the groundwater in the surficial aquifer was in a reduced condition,
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and when the sample was exposed to air, it caused the iron in the sample to settle out,
increasing the turbidity. The addition of nitric acid should prevent the iron from settling
out of the sample. A test sample was run by adding 2 drops of nitric acid to a sample and
monitoring the measurement of turbidity in the sample for 10 minutes.
Time Turbidity
0 I 0.6
I I 0.7
2 10.2
3 I 0.3
4 10.3
5 I 0.1
6 I 0.1
7 9.92
8 9.64
9 9.85
IO 9.63
On August 13, Doug and Stuart arrived at the site at 9:45 and checked the calibration of
the turbidity meter. At I 0:20, sample CD-19-GW was collected by Stuart. James
Gamble accepted a split sample. The turbidity reading was 16.5 NTUs. The sample
location corresponds to OPS identification C08 l 3 l 4A.
At 11: 13, Doug and Stuart drove to the JFD property and met with Calvin Whitefield,
who helped them locate the surface water runoff from the JFD property, where it crosses
the railroad track.
At 13:05, Doug and Stuart began measuring the linear distance ofa potential wetland
downgradient of the Cristex lagoon. A OPS reading was taken at the head of the
potential wetland, C08 l 3 l 7 A. The soil was low chroma, the leaves were stained, and the
vegetation was facultative (red maple, gums, and pines). The mottled soil matrix was 7
percent. At 13: I 0, Doug measured a distance of 562 feet from the head of the wetland.
The evidence of the linear wetland was about 20 feet wide, and contained stained leaves,
low chroma soil with mottled matrix (7%), and facultative vegetation (red maple, gum,
sycamore, and poison ivy).
At 13:35, Stuart collected sediment sample CD-I 9-SL, at a downstream point in the
wetland. The sample location corresponds to OPS identification C0813 l 7B. This sample
was not in the original sampling plan, but was added after discovering that the area
planned for sample CD-27-SD was not a wetland.
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October 15, 1998
Page 14
At 14:05, Stuart collected sediment sample CD-18-SL from the stream draining the .JFD
property, above the culvert that is under the railroad tracks. The sample location
corresponds to GPS identification C0813 l 8A. At 14:20, Doug and Stuart left for lunch.
At 15 :20, Doug and Stuart drove back to the Cristex property to discuss the wetland
sample with me. At 15:30, Doug and Stuart returned to the wetland to collect a surface
water sample, CD-19-SW.
The following notes were taken in Jeanette Stanley's ficldbook:
On August I 0, at 16:00, Jeanette began monitoring the water levels in background
temporary well CD-01/02.
Time
1600
1610
1625
1630
1640
1650
1700
1710
Static water level from top of casing
17.65
17.55
17.35
17.25
17.15
16.95
16.85
16.75
Due to the time and inability to ship the surfactant sample out that night, the
measurements were stopped and the well was secured for the night.
On the morning of August 11, Jeanette deconned 11 auger flights with alcohol, followed
by double rinsing with deionized water at our Herrington Street lab. The auger flights
were bagged for reuse at the site. At 10:00, a rinsate blank on an auger was collected,
CD-200-RB, for volatile organics and metals. At I 0:00, a metals blank was collected for
the deionized water, CD-300-DB.
At the Cristex site, at 18:50, Jeanette and I walked to the barren area. At 19:00, I
collected sample CD-07-SL, a five-point composite, from the western portion of the area.
At 19:00, Jeanette collected sample CD-08-SL, also a five-point composite, from the
eastern portion of the area. The samples were collected from a depth of O to 6 inches, and
consisted of red stiff clay with some sand. James Gamble accepted a split sample of CD-
08-SL. We left the site at approximately 19:45.
On August 12, Jeanette took the following notes for Doug R., Harry, Stuart, and Doug
M.:
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Memo to File
October 15, 1998
Page 15
Monitoring well CD-13-GW, located upgradient of the former drum disposal area, had a
depth to water of 18.875 feet, a total depth of25.05 feet, and above ground casing height
of 0. 7 feet.
Monitoring well CD-20-GW, located downgradient of the lagoon, had a depth to water of
10.75 feet, a total depth of 15.55 feet, and above ground casing height of 1.0 feet.
Monitoring well CD-19-GW, located upgradient of the lagoon, had a depth to water of
4.875 feet, a total depth of9.2 feet, and above ground casing height of0.7 feet.
At 11 :35, the rubber tubing was replaced in the peristaltic pump.
At 11 :40, Jeanette collected the surfactant sample from well CD-13-GW, upgradient of
the former drum disposal area. The sample was very turbid. James Gamble accepted a
split sample.
Al 13:15, approximately 6 gallons had been purged from well CD-13-GW. The turbidity
readings were above 1000 NTUs. The following parameters were recorded:
Time Turbidity
1330 749NTUs
1350 558
1415 375
1455 219 (12 gallons purged)
1520 331
1540 196 (14.5 gallons purged)
1600 111
1615 102
1623 98.6
1638 82.6
1649 76.3
1700 71.3
At 17: 15, 1 collected samples CD-13-GW and duplicate CD-113-GW (for metals and
semi-volatiles). James Gamble accepted a split sample. The volatile organics sample
was not duplicated because a volatiles duplicate was collected at CD-02-GW.
At 18:00, the rubber tubing was replaced in the peristaltic pump. At 18: 10, the surfactant
sample was collected from well CD-20-GW, located downgradient of the lagoon. James
Gamble accepted a split sample.
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Page 16
Time
1810
1820
1830
1850
Turbidity
198 NTUs
200
319 (1.25 gallons purged)
1000 (2 gallons purged)
At 18:50, well CD-20-GW was secured.
On August 13, at 9: 15, purging continued at well CD-20-GW, located downgradient of
the lagoon.
Time Turbidity
915 55.7 NTUs
927 65.1
932 58.0
10: 16 612
From 9:35 to 10: 16, Doug Rumford collected samples from well CD-20-GW. James
Gamble accepted a split sample. At 13:00, Doug R. and Harry decommissioned the well.
On August 14, at 13:00, Jeanette prepared sample CD-400-DB, a blank for the deionized
water for volatile organics and semi-volatiles. Sample CD-300-DB was also a blank for
the deionized water, for metals, collected on August 11.
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October 15, 1998
Page 17
PA/SI Fieldnotcs -Sample specific
CD-01/02
On August I 0, at 10: I 0, we drove to the front of the Cristex building, drove through the
parking lot onto the grass to sample location CD-01/02, which was background for the
soil and groundwater samples. The sampling location was outside the Cristex fenced
area, but on the Cristex property, approximately 160 feet south of the small (education)
building (southeast corner), and 170 feet east of Industry Drive. At 10:20, Doug Rumford
collected CD-01-SL from a depth of0 to 6 inches. The sample consisted of brown silty
clay. Photo# 2 was taken of sample CD-01-SL.
At 10:35, Doug and Harry began augering with the Little Beaver power auger at location
CD-01/02. Photo #3 was taken of the Little Beaver augering. At 11 :00, Dave Mattison
arrived al location CD-01 /02 to assist Harry and Doug with operating the Little Beaver
auger. According lo my notes, the soil encountered from 0 to 5 feet consisted of brown
silty clay with orange mottle. Saprolite was encountered at a depth of 5 feet. Slightly
damp soil was encountered at 11 feet. According the Dave Mattison's notes, groundwater
was encountered at a depth of 17 to 18 feet. The soil from O to 15 feet consisted of light
brown, moist sandy silt. The soil at a depth of 15 to 21 feet consisted of brown wet
medium sand. At 11: I 0, sample CD-02-SL was collected by Jeanette Stanley, at a depth
of 11 feet. Photo #4 was taken of CD-02-SL.
The well casings were installed to a depth of 19 feet below grade. The depth to
groundwater was monitored as follows:
Time
12:38
12:45
12:50
12:55
13:00
13:05
13: 10
13:20
13:30
13:50
14:00
14: 10
14:20
14:30
Groundwater elevation to top of casing
20. 7 ft.
20.55
20.475
20.425
20.325
20.3
20.2
19.9
19.8
19.65
19.5
19.3
19.11
18.95
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Page 18
14:40
14:50
15:00
15: 10
18.8
18.55
18.4
18.35
At 2:00, Jeanette and I returned to sample location CD-01/02. The temporary well had
been installed, but the groundwater level had not stabilized. I recorded readings every 10
minutes while Doug, Harry, and Jeanette left for lunch.
Time Top of Casing
1520 18.19
1530 18.1
1540 17.9
1550 17.75
1600 17.65
About 4:00, .Jeanette drove back to location CD-01/02 to monitor the groundwater levels.
Time Static water level from top of casing
1600 17.65
1610 17.55
1625 17.35
1630 17.25
1640 17.15
1650 16.95
1700 16.85
1710 16.75
At 7:00, Jeanette reported that the static water level at well CD-02-GW had not
stabilized. We decided to let the groundwater in both wells (CD-02-GW and CD-06-
GW) stabilize overnight, and to sample in the morning.
On August 11, at 11 :30, I returned to sample location CD-02-GW to collect samples. At
I 0:45, the surfactant sample was collected. The well was purged for approximately 5
minutes. At 12:25, the calibration of the turbidity meter was checked. At 12:40 and
12:50, the volatile samples were collected for CD-02-GW and duplicate CD-I 02-GW.
Time Turbidity
12:40 21.3 NTU.
12:55 15.7
14:30 16.2
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Page 19
The water was recharging at a very slow rate. At 12:55, collection of the metals sample
commenced. Jeanette propped the sample tubing into the metals bottle and left the site to
collect other samples. At 14:30, the bottle was full and the metals sample for CD-02-GW
was collected. Duplicate samples were not collected for metals or semi-volatiles because
of the slow recharge rate.
CD-06-GW/SL
On August I 0, at 4: I 0, Doug, Harry, Jeanette, and I drove to the back of the Cristex
property to locate sample location CD-06-SL/GW. Sample location CD-06-SL/GW was
by the underground lagoon inlet pipe, east of the above ground storage tanks. We were
concerned about the possibility of underground utilities between the building and the
lagoon so we were conservative and moved further east toward the ditch. The location
was near the site road. It began to rain intermittently. At 4:25, augering with the Little
Beaver began. At 5 :05, sample CD-06-SL was collected at a depth of IO feet. The
sample consisted of gray and orange sandy clay. James Gamble of Mid-Atlantic
Associates split the sample. At approximately 6:00, groundwater was encountered at a
depth of 27 feet. At 7:00, the temporary well was installed.
Photos #21 -25 were taken with a second camera of sampling location CD-06-SL/GW,
the drainage ditch, and the drum storage pad. Photo #1 was taken of sample CD-06-SL.
At 7:00, Jeanette reported that the static water level at well CD-02-GW had not
stabilized. We decided to let the groundwater in both wells (CD-02-GW and CD-06-
GW) stabilize overnight, and to sample in the morning.
On August 11, at 5:30, the static water level of well CD-06-GW was 18.35 feet. At
18:00, the surfactant sample for CD-06-GW (by the underground lagoon inlet) was
collected by Doug Rumford. Collection of the sample caused the well to purge dry. The
pump flow rate was reduced. At 18: 15, Doug and Harry attempted to use the Grundfos
pump on the well, but it caused the turbidity to increase to above I 000 NTUs. At 18:30,
the peristaltic pump was replaced and purging continued. At 19:45, the turbidity reading
was 31 NTUs. We decided to continue sampling in the morning.
On August 12, 1998, we arrived at the site at 9: IO and began setup to collect sample CD-
06-GW. At I 0:00, sample CD-06-GW was collected by Harry. Parameters were as
follows:
Turbidity 16.9 NTU pH 5.99 Temperature 24.0 C
James Gamble accepted a split sample.
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October 15, 1998
Page 20
CD-20-GW
On August 11, 1998, we arrived at the site at 9:00. Doug and Harry began hand augering
CD-20-GW, the temporary groundwater well downgradient of the lagoon, near the
northeast corner.
On August 12, monitoring well CD-20-GW had a depth to water of 10.75 feet, a total
depth of 15.55 feet, and above ground casing height of 1.0 feet. At 18:00, the rubber
tubing was replaced in the peristaltic pump. At 18: I 0, the surfactant sample was
collected from well CD-20-GW, located downgradient of the lagoon. James Gamble
accepted a split sample.
Time Turbidity
I 8 IO 198 NTU s
1820 200
1830 319 ( 1.25 gallons purged)
1850 I 000 (2 gallons purged)
At 18:50, well CD-20-GW was secured.
On August 13, we arrived at the site at 9: I 0. Doug Rumford and Harry began purging
well CD-20-GW.
Time Turbidity
915 55.7 NTUs
927 65.1
932 58.0
1016 612
From 9:35 to I 0: 16, Doug Rumford collected samples from well CD-20-GW. James
Gamble accepted a split sample. At 13:00, Doug R. and Harry decommissioned the well.
CD-19-GW
On August 11, at approximately 11 :00, Stuart and Doug began set-up for hand augering
CD-19-GW, which was adjacent to and upgradient of the lagoon, near the southwest
corner.
Stuart checked the Mini-Rae calibration, which was reading 95 ppm for the calibration
gas. From 11 :00 to 12:45, Stuart and Doug augered 12.5 feet below land surface and
installed temporary well CD-19-GW. The OVA readings in the soils above the
groundwater table measure IO meter unit deflections. The soil was red silty clay with
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October 15, 1998
Page 21
small layers of saprolite and gray clay near the water table.
On August 12, at 16:00, Stuart and Doug drove back to the Cristex property and began
setup to sample well CD-19-GW. The depth of the well was 9.2 feet and the distance to
groundwater was 4.875 feet. The water column was calculated to be 4.325 feet. Three
well volumes was calculated to be 2.1 gallons. At 16: 15, Stuart collected the surfactant
sample from well CD-19-GW, about 8 feet below the top of the well. James Gamble
received a split sample. The turbidity reading was 52.2 NTUs. The following parameters
were recorded:
Well volumes Turbidity pH Temperature Conductivity
purged
2.5 26.4 NTUs 6.43 28 C 409
2.75 20.3 6.59 25.8 433
3 14.7 6.48 25.7 441
In measuring the turbidity, Doug noticed a temporal change in the same sample with time.
A sample was collected and placed inside the turbidity meter. Every minute for fifteen
minutes a reading was taken. After fifteen minutes, the clear sample had developed an
orange suspension.
Time Turbidity
0 14.7
I 23.7
2 32.0 (light yellow)
3 44.4
4 58.4 (yellow-orange)
5 74.2
6 90.5
7 108
8 127
9 145 (orange-yellow)
10 162
I I 178
12 194
13 209
14 224
15 239
16 251
Doug concluded that the groundwater in the surficial aquifer was in a reduced condition,
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Page 22
and when the sample was exposed to air, it caused the iron in the sample to settle out,
increasing the turbidity. The addition of nitric acid should prevent the iron from settling
out of the sample. A test sample was run by adding 2 drops of nitric acid to a sample and
monitoring the measurement of turbidity in the sample for 10 minutes.
Time Turbidity
0 10.6
1 10.7
2 10.2
3 10.3
4 10.3
5 10.1
6 10.1
7 9.92
8 9.64
9 9.85
10 9.63
On August 13, Doug and Stuart arrived at the site at 9:45 and checked the calibration of
the turbidity meter. At 10:20, sample CD-19-GW was collected by Stuart. James
Gamble accepted a split sample. The turbidity reading was 16.5 NTUs. The sample
location corresponds to GPS identification C081314A.
CD-13-GW
On August 11, at 12:30, Doug Rumford, Harry, and Dave Mattison began setup ofCD-
13-GW, the well upgradient of the former drum disposal area. Six of the auger flights
were decontaminated that morning by Jeanette in our lab at Herrington Street. By 2: 15,
they had finished installing well CD-13-GW. The well had a depth to water of 18.875
feet, a total depth of25.05 feet, and above ground casing height of0.7 feet.
On August 12, at 11 :40, Jeanette collected the surfactant sample from well CD-13-G W,
upgradient of the former drum disposal area. The sample was very turbid. James Gamble
accepted a split sample. At 12:25, we broke for lunch. I monitored well CD-13-GW
while Doug and Harry went to lunch.
At 13:15, approximately 6 gallons had been purged from well CD-13-GW. The turbidity
readings were above I 000 NTUs. The following parameters were recorded:
Time
1330
Turbidity
749NTUs
D
0
0
D
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October 15, 1998
Page 23
1350
1415
1455
1520
1540
1600
1615
1623
1638
1649
1700
558
375
219 ( 12 gallons purged)
331
196 (14.5 gallons purged)
111
102
98.6
82.6
76.3
71.3
At 17: 15, I collected samples CD-13-GW and duplicate CD-113-GW (for metals and
semi-volatiles). James Gamble accepted a split sample. The volatile organics sample
was not duplicated because a volatiles duplicate was collected at CD-02-GW.
On August 13, al about 11:30, l helped Doug and Harry decommission well CD-13-GW.
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C081020A
C081020B
C081020C
C081314A
C081317A
C0813 I 7B
C08 I 3 I 8A
78°35'37.9! JO
78°35'38.7605
78° 35'38.5361
78° 36'23 .4 772
78° 36'21.2552
78°36'14.9591
78° 36'22.2921
G PS Data for Cristex
36° I 8'00.0798
36° I 8'00.9268
36° l 8'00.3439
36° I 7'51.1579
36° 17'55 .2963
36° 17'55.9154
36° I 7'56.1680
Aug 10 20:45:15 1998 . c.0-:.:? (p-50
Aug IO 20:54:44 1998 Cf) -,}, S--5 D
Aug 1020:59:091998-co-?.'l-5D .. 1
Aug 13 14:52: 17 1998 -CD-;-I 'I -(J-w J'
Aug 1317:05:551998-/2,r,d vj_,,.;tf-{c;"
Aug 1317:17:371998 -l.l'.J ·• t<t-.SL
Aug 13 18:11:141998 -CO -1<s-.SL
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CURVE TABLES
: I I I ' /' tx;,1£, .,/' ,....O 1 1 7. 8'p ke/ HOW TO_ USE CURVE TABLES Ui,rf{#p /vp <fl.Je,.,_ / If-_,'.,~ fc_d-Table I. contains Tangents and Externals to a 1° curve. Tan. and
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::/ J""'--/':, • S 3 f~ 1n. or Ext. opposite the given Central Angle by the given d_egree of
---~_,,_71-~14,..,.,J,ul+/-')~{);,4'..:Ufs!".-'-4·~2!.'2:?.___tt-<1'f1''.!,_!f~'!-!r-V~'-' __ J_ ____ •rv~o find Deg. of Curve, having the Central Angle and Tangent: ~ .I /, -:, o--, , . . 0 / vide Tan. opposite the given Central Angle by the given Tangent. ------=t' --''°"-'-'· "---"""';"---"'2'-"'"'="c!..5 -f'<=p,,,_'32.....'~"'.:'!4• -'-"'~-~'->'c' -_ _j_ __ ---' . h C I A I d E t I I 7 --: To find Deg. of Curve, having t e entra ng_ e an x erna : --~--::f---:-:~--+/~-:--~-'-}-/ ____ +-/ ___ _J/L_ __ _jlvide Ext. opposite the given Central Angle by the given External. 1 I
1 1
;, To finc;I Nat. Tan. and Nat. Ex. Sec. for any angle by Table I.: Tan. _..,_/--''-r;:::=_'-1 O=---t--1 ---.:::~c..:F_,_P__,e-T· c"..1..:/ ~'.'::::'~~11.....!./\,f~/3:'."~'1· 2..._Iµ' s,._.=c:-:r.n..1/_.._~_J_f ___ 1 Ext. of twice the given angle divided by the radius of a 1 ° curve will 0aic--f /11Ak z) f d: /M~JL,_ ~ ~ / r the Nat. Tan or Nat Ex s~~AMPLE
l
! I t ;,--.. ,. I _11,,. Wanted·a Curve with an Ext. of about 12 ft. Angle of ~ \J v-!,,--"-/{) +or /,,:J..C\J <vi lnlersection or I. P. ~ 23° 20' to the R. at Station 542 + 72. ()' ~ l 5'6-f u. / {~ In /W v t I'.> __ :Ji-&<,J ~ / Ext. in Tab. I opposite 23' 20" ~ 120 87
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. 120.87 + 12 ~ 10.07. Say a 10° Curve.
Tan. in Tab. I opp. 23° 20' = 1183.1 -~ I I I I . 1183.1 -c--10 = 118.31. ~t >?<-s ur~i',[, · j?,,,,,d, · Correction for A. 23° 20' for a 10° Cur. = 0.16 t./-, '76 l,,-v , J--:;~ I / 118.31+0.16 ~ 118.47 = corrected Tangent. I (If corrected Ext. is required find in same way} LtJ. {;; r.,6iV : ,-r/V Ang. 23° 20' = 23.33° + 10 ~ 2.3333 = L. C.
5' ,_,.o,.y ~ ,-J JV r 1e½' = def. for sta. 542 I. P. = sta.
'491/2' ~ +50 Tan.
~
' 0
r 1sw = 543 B. C. ~ sta.
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86.86 E. C. =Sta.
542 + 72
_ ___]_~
541 +53.53
2 .33.33
543 ~ 86 86 4-0 ?. L-100-53.53 = 46.47 x 3'(def. for 1 ft. of 10° Cur.}= 139.41' = · 2° 19½' = def. for sta. 542.
Def. for SO ft.= 2° 30' for a 10° Curve.
Def. for 36.d6 ft.= 1° SOW for a 10° Curve.
N ,, .,.,:;.,-·____.i--•• , ~ ·-----10• Cu.rv•
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Ref. 20
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH ANO HIJMAN SERVICES
DIVISION OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY SECTION
DRINKING WATER HEALTH RISK EVALUATION
GENERAL
COUNTY_~WLC..:.v_,v_;/~k __ LABORATORY# c;,?2b/ 1 f Jz0'J
{)// ;z.1
Based of these analytical results, this water should be considered safe for normal usage.
Chemical analysis did not show any contamination._ Wat~r should be resampled if odor or taste
persists.
The water should not be used for drinking or cooking purposes; avoid prolonged
bathing/showeri~g. · ' ' . . . . . .
Bases in these analytical results, this .,;,ate~ is highly contaminated and should not b~ used for
drinking, cooking, or bathing/showering.
The laboratory results are not conciusive, please resample.
PLEASE INDICATE ON LAB SHEET THAT IT IS A RESAMPLE AND
PROVIDE PREVIOUS SAMPLE NUMBER(S).
COMMENTS:
For further information, contact Dr. Ken Rudo, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology • I • -••
,Section, [phone]. I · ··
. '
DHHS 3891 (2/98) : ~·.:...,· ·· ··•-··•---,.
:. Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Section (Review 2/01) ; .
I NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
DIVISION OF WASTE MANAGEMENT
December I 8, I 998
Mr. Tommy Brooks
807 Lewis Street
Well Sampling Results
Cristex Drum Site
NCOOO 1606250
As you are aware, the NC Superfund Section collected samples from your
drinking water well at 807 Lewis Street on August 13, 1998 as part of an environmental
assessment of the subject site. Samples were analyzed by the State Laboratory of Public
Health for the chemicals listed on the attached sheets. The contaminants listed below
were detected in your well water sample.
billion (PPB).
Concentration
(PPB)
2.5
0.6
trace
trace
Concentrations are expressed in parts per
NC Groundwater
Standard (PPB)
700
700(i)
700
70(i)
These contaminants were measured at concentrations which are below applicable
NC Groundwater Standards. No drinking water standards (also known as Maximum
Contaminant Levels (MCLs) considered acceptable for public water supplies)) have been
established for these compounds. These results were reviewed by the State Occupational
and Environmental Epidemiology Section and they have concluded that your water is
safe for continued usage. A copy of their evaluation is attached for your information.
401 OBERLIN ROAD, SUITE 150, RALEIGH, NC 27605
PHONE919-733•4996 FAX [phone]
AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY/ AFFIRMATIVE ACTION EMPLOYER· 50% RECYCLED/I 0% POST-CONSUMER PAPER
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Mr. Brooks
12-18-98
Page 2
If you have any questions regarding health concerns, please contact Dr. Ken
Rudo, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Section at [phone]. If you
have any other questions, please contact Jeanette Stanley, Superfund Section at (919)
733-280 I, ext. 318.
attachments
cc: Dr. Ken Rudo
File
Donna Keith
Jeanette Stanley
Pat DeRosa, Head
Site Evaluation and Removal Branch
NC Superfund Section
I
JAMCS B. HUNT JR.
GoVCRNOR
WAYNE MCDCVITT
SE~RETARY .::' ..
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
DIVISION OF WASTE MANAGEMENT
December 18, 1998
Mr. Hoffman Suitt
S 12 Lewis Street
Oxford. North Carolina
SUBJECT: Well Sampling Results
Cristex Drum Site
NC000l606250
Oxford, Granville County, NC
Dear Mr. Suitt:
As you are aware, the NC Superfund Section collected samples from your
drinking water well at 807 Lewis Street on August 13, 1998 as part of an environmental
assessment of the subject site. Samples were analyzed by the State Laboratory of Public
Heal th for the chemicals listed on the attached sheets. The contaminants listed below were detected in your well water sample. Concentrations are expressed in parts per
billion (PPB).
Contaminant
Acetone
Carbon disulfide
1, I dichlorethane
isopropylether
i=interim standard
Concentration
(PPB)
7 -__ :,
0.6
trace
trace
NC Groundwater
Standard (PPB)
700
700(i)
700
70(i)
These contaminants were measured at concentrations which are below applicable
NC Groundwater Standards. No drinking water standards (also known as Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) considered acceptable for public water supplies) have been
established for these compounds. These results were reviewed by the State Occupational
and Environmental Epidemiology Section and they have concluded that your water is
safe for continued usage. A copy of their evaluation is attached for your information.
401 OBERLIN ROAO, SUITE 150, RALEIGH, NC 27605
PHONE 919•733-4996 FAX 919·715-3605 AN EQUAL OPF'ORTUNITY / AF'F"IRMATIVE ACTION EMPLOYER· 50% RECYCLED/I 0% POST-CONSUMER PAPER
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Mr. Suitt
12-18-98
Page 2
If you have any questions regarding health concerns, please contact Dr. Ken Rudo, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Section at (9 I 9) 715-6430. If you have any other questions, please contact Jeanette Stanley, Superfund Section at (919)
733-280 I, ext. 318.
attachments
cc:. Dr. Ken Rudo
File
Donna Keith
Jeanette Stanley
Sincerely,
Pat DeRosa, Head
Site Evaluation and Removal Branch
NC Superfund Section
, ..
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MEMO
DATE: November 6, 1996
TO: File
FROM:
SITE:
Jeanette Stanley
Envirom:nental Chemist
NC Superfund Section
JFD Electronics/Channel Master (Cristex)
NCO 122 263 825
Oxford, Granville County, North Carolina
Ref. 21
On November 4, 1996, Mr. John Lucas left a message on my voice mail system in response
to a message I had left for him. Mr. Lucas said that he is the listing broker for the Cristex property.
He can be reached at [phone]. The caretaker is Marion Munn who can be reached at (919)
603-5058. He said that the building and property are owned by the Cristex Corporation and that Mr.
George Christensen owns the corporation.
Mr. Lucas and I talked again today. He said that Mr. Munn will not be working for a while
due to medical problems and prefers that we contact him (Lucas) whenever we return to remove the
remainder of the waste. I asked Mr. Lucas about the history of the Cristex facility. He said that it
was a warehouse for the Revlon Corporation for the last five years. Prior to that, it was involved in
the textile industry. Mr. Lucas said that he was unsure of the exact nature of textile operations, but
believed it was in grey goods.
I also talked with Mr. Marion Munn today. He said that he was the former personnel director
of the textile facility but that he was not knowledgeable about the technical operations of the facility.
He did indicate that the lagoon with aeration pumps was installed per federal requirements and was
a permitted structure. The lagoon discharged to the city sewer. He said that textile knitting, dyeing
and finishing occurred at the old textile facility
I called Tony Moore, US EPA [phone] and relayed this information to him.
I
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DATE: November 19, 1996
TO: File
FROM: Jeanette Stanley
Environmental Chemist
NC Superfund Section
SITE: JFD Electronics/Channel Master (Cristex)
NCD 122 263 825
Oxford, Granville County, North Carolina
I received a call from Mr. John Lucas, listing broker for the Cristex property. He can be
reached at [phone]. The caretaker, Marion Munn, is now hospitalized. Mr. Lucas was
concerned because he had received a call from an Oxford resident indicating that Cristex was
stonewalling and "dragging their heels" in this investigation. I told Mr. Lucas that I had found him
and Mr. Munn to be responsive to all our questions and that I would relay his concerns to Mr. Ken
Mallary, RPM for the JFD Electronics/ Channel Master site as well as Tony Moore, OSC for the
Cristex removal.
I then called Ken Mallary [phone] and Tony Moore, US EPA [phone] and
left messages on their voice mail systems regarding Mr. Lucas's concerns.
I MEMO
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DATE:
TO:
FROM:
SITE:
March 24, 1999
File
Jeanette Stanley
Environmental Chemist
NC Superfund Section
Cristex Drum Site
NCO 001 606 250
Oxford, Granville County, North Carolina
talked with the Oxford Tax Assessor's Office today [phone]. I asked for
clarification on properties to the east of the Cristex facility. The Empire Gas, Inc. property is 2.01
acres. The Public Services of NC property is 4.13 acres.
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MEMO
DATE:
TO:
FROM:
SITE:
April 7, 1999
File
Jeanette Stanley 9 ~11
Environmental Chemist '41~
NC Superfund Section
Cristex Drum Site
NCO 001 606 250
Oxford, Granville County, North Carolina
I reviewed some of Donna Wilson's handwritten notes collected during her review of the
files. The current address for the Cristex Corporation is P.O. Box 527, Allenwood, NJ 08720. Bill
Bruce, former plant manager's phone number is [phone]. This is his work number at
Continental Fabric. Marion Munn, a former caretaker at the facility has passed away.
The closest Daycare facility is "Numbers Child Care Center at 426 Lewis St., just south of
where the overland pathway leading from the site crosses Lewis St.
From Donna's notes and my personal recollection of the neighboring facilities, the following
facilities and their locations are described below:
Ideal Fastener, on the west side of Industry Drive north of the railroad tracks
A small building for Granville County Schools, on the east side of Industry Drive north of
the railroad tracks
Plastic Ingenuity, on the west side of Industry Drive just south of the railroad tracks, at the
end of the road
Bandag Tread Manufacturing Plant on the west side of Industry Drive, across the street from
Cristex.
Granville Plastics (custom injection molding) and Piedmont Distribution Dry Storage &
Freezer Storage are on Corporation Drive.
New Planters Warehouse No. 2 is across from the Public Services property
Piedmont Distribution Warehouse and Owen Warehouse No. 2 are also on the south side
of Industry Drive, between New Planters Warehouse No. 2 and Highway 15.
Nelms Electric and Old Dominion Box Co. Are on the north side of Industry Drive between
the Public Services property and Highway 15
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To:
From:
Subject:
MEMORANDUM
File
Donna Wilson P~
Environmental Engineer
North Carolina Superfund Section
Telephone conversation -George Christensen
Cristex Drum Site
Oxford, Granville County
Date: February 16, 1998
On this date, I called George Christensen, reported owner of the above referenced site, at
his residence (732-499-7463) to obtain permission to enter his property for an onsite
reconnaissance. Mr. Christensen stated that he does not own the property that contained
the drum removal. His property is the Cristex site and is adjacent to the drum site. His
property is fenced and the area containing the drums was outside the fence. He stated that
John Nelms owns the property in question and he believed that Mr. Nelms lives in
Oxford. Mr. Christensen is working with Derr Leonhardt of Leonhardt Environmental in
Raleigh, on closure of a pond on his property. Mr. Christensen has been getting calls
from EPA regarding his liability in the drum removal and he is trying to prove that he is
not the landowner. He plans to have his property surveyed in the next couple of weeks.
He has owned his property since about 1975. A textile operation was operated on the
Cristex property, but now the property is leased by CVS as a warehouse. He stated that
there are wells on his property. Mr. Christensen did give permission to enter his property
on March 9.
Internet page GTE People Find lists John K. Nelms of 126 Pine Cone Drive, Oxford,
phone [phone].
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To:
From:
Subject:
MEMORANDUM
File
Donna Wilson D'JjJJ
Environmental Engineer
North Carolina Superfund Section
Telephone conversation -John Nelms
Cristex Drum Site
Oxford, Granville County .
Date: March 5, 1998
On February 19, I talked with John Nelms (919-693-7835) regarding the above
referenced site. Mr. Nelms stated that a partnership by the name of South Gate
Properties, owned by himself and Will Hancock, owns approximately 17 or 18 acres in
the area. EPA has been communicating with him regarding the removal. Mr. Nelms
gave me permission to go on the property on March 9. The address of the partnership is
his home address, 126 Pine Cone Drive, Oxford 27565.
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To:
From:
Subject:
Date:
MEMORANDUM
File v)1vlv ✓0,.
Donna Wilso~tJ'Y ()
Environmental Engineer
North Carolina Superfund Section
Telephone conversation -John Lucas
Cristex Drum Site
Oxford, Granville County
June 16, 1998
On this date, 1 called John Lucas (800-420-1817), real estate broker for the above
referenced site. Mr. Lucas does not know the ownership history of the site. He stated
that Mr. Christiansen was the former operator when the Cristex facility was in operation.
Mr. Christiansen is currently trying to sell the property and is unfavorable to the
environmental investigation. Mr. Lucas is not aware of the City's plans to locate a water
tank in the area. He told me that the building on the Cristex side of the railroad (which is
visible on the 1982 aerial photograph) is located on property owned by the railroad.
I
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GRJ\NVILLIR COUNTY
TAX DE..,ARTMENT
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0:.6nt!.ln&d Col' uu. Mop.
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" FEB-19-98 11:16 AM GC_TAX_OFFICE 919 603 1398
FAXFROivl
ORANVll .1.E COUNTY TAX DEPARTMENT
P. 0. UOX219
QXllORD, N. C. 27565
TELE: 919 693-1181
Ji' AX: 9 l 9 603-l:l!-)8
Fax Number: __ I· Cf 1..:L=..._l:., :'., -lf'6 // __
P. 01
To: b1a NM) _ w1 v';,.--,, ~--~-1.1..L .. ti hi ,:;:,\."' wr,<, re: IYH,l'Jl'\ErLmtc·,,JY
From:LE-SL-1\::". S/1"1 ,r,~\~ >0(.,-
Total Page Fa.'(cd: __ ;::..__ _____ _
6 12-A'f'J J i l.t...l.:
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To:
From:
Subject:
Date:
. MEl\1ORANDUM ·
File . ~-
Donna Wilsoiii/11.UP_,~~,
Environmental EngineeO
North Carolina Superfund Section
File review
Cristex Drum Site
Oxford, Granville County
June 16, 1998
Ref 22
On this date, 1 reviewed the North Carolina RCRA files for the above referenced facility.
No files could be found for "Cristex," "IMI,"-or "Steinfeld," in the active or inactive files.
The EPA identification number for the Cristex site, which begins with "NCO," is not a
RCRA identification number. I did look up all facilities located on Industry Drive in
Oxford and found the following listings:
I. AVNET -620 Industry Drive
NCO 986 I 77 491
2. Ideal Fastener -603 lhdtisfryOrive (manufactures zippers and buttons)
NCO 052 555 315
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From:
Organization:
To:
Date sent:
Subject:
Priority:
"Jeanette Stanley" < [e-mail] >
SOLID WASTE MGMT.
N1NH320@NRONA01
Tue, 25 May 1999 11:31:11 EST
Your assistance is requested ..
normal
Please check to determine if there is a RCRA ID number associated
with "Cristex, "IMI;;Jr "Steinfeld" on Industry Drive in Oxford, NC. /./U .
~· .
Also.. ,/ AVNET at 620 Industry Drive (NCD 986 177 491) and tfJA..
Ideal Fastener at 603 Industry Drive (NCD 052 555 315) Ok.,_
have RCRA ID numbers. Can you tell me if these
are generators, TSD's or transporters?
Thanks
Jeanette Stanley, Env. Chemist
NC Superfund Section
Division of Waste Management
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Raleigh, NC
j;,., E cl. w Q ,_Jo ) IV c,, (;tJ &'✓-! f '(_, /YI() n t< ? ~ {) i 1.1, s i' c:,,--.--')
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MEMO
DATE:
TO:
FROM:
SITE:
April 7, l 999
File
Jeanette Stanley
Environmental Chemist
NC Superfund Section
Cristex Drum Site
NCO 001 606 250
Oxford, Granville County, North Carolina
Ref 23
l traced the City of Oxford Water lines on the USGS topographic maps within the target
distance rings from the site. I then plotted the community and noncommunity wells on the same
map. Then I conducted a house count on those residences shown on the map that are not within a
reasonable distance of either the city water lines or the community wells. Then, I determined the
average persons per household for Granville Coµnty to be 2.68. The estimated groundwater
population is as follows:
Distance from site Households x average population Private well users
0 -1/4 mile 0
>1/4-½ mile I ( documented to be one user) I
>½ - I mile 33 X 2.68 = 88
>I - 2 miles 112 X 2.68 = 300
>2 - 3 miles 397 X 2.68 = 1,064
>3 - 4 miles 426 X 2.68 = 1,142
The community well population served by groundwater is as follows:
Distance from site
0 -1/4 mile
> 1/4 -½ mile
>1/2 -I mile
>1 -2 miles
>2 - 3 miles
>3 - 4 miles
Community well population
0
0
0
0
60
265
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CENSUS '90
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t::·.::,:·,-:-:-:· '-~~r:: . ..::,:·,;::, ~~-:-.-:-:i.i:-~;;.f"
1990 Census of Population and Housing
Summary Population and Housing Characteristics
North Carolina
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9 PAGES
Table 6. Household, Family, and Group Quarters Characlerislics: 1990
Slale-
Counly
Place and {In Selected Sia/es] C-Ounly
Subdivision
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NOTE: lli, po·pulati.on co.unts set forth herein are subject to .possible correctio_n for un_dercount or overcount. 1l1e United States _Dcpartrrient" of.Commerce is considering whelher to cor_reCt these countS and will pubHs.h co'rie.cted counts: if any, not later than July 15, 1991.
·i-i_7i~:~~:' :" .... 1·,·•,,:,:.:,:,;,:,·-
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MEMO
DATE:
TO:
FROM:
SlTE:
April 7, 1999
File
Jeanette Stanley 9 _J_fA
Environmental Chemist ~
NC Superfund Section
Cristex Drum Site
NCO 001 606 250
Oxford, Granville County, North Carolina
1 reviewed a list of community wells obtained by Donna Wilson, Environmental Engineer,
NC Superfund Section from the NC Public Water Supply Section on June 18, 1998. This list
contains the community wells (designated "C") and the noncommunity, nontransient wells
(designated "P") within 4 miles of the site. These wells were marked on the USGS topographic map.
The "N" designation indicates noncommunity, transient well. These are not indicated on the USGS
topographic map.
r
!!!!!!I ~ == == r:::::::; == r:::::::; =:iii ;;;; liiiiiiiiil liiiii liiii -- - - - - -
Le
.• (u,/
,"· / , '0239103 .·," GRANVILLE FAMILY PARK C
<0239103 GRANVILLE E'AMILY PARK C
-, 0239103 GRANVILLE FAMILY PARY. C /!3' 0239108 Ii & L MOBILE HOME PARK C
0239116 . •--'PTNE-GA!'.DENS--REST·-H0ME e
023§406
0239420
0239426
0239440
/;·, 0239450
////0239462
0239464
0239468
0239477
~lER BAPIISI CHOR<:;
HUNTSVILLE BAPT CH -N·--
BRIDGE MAIN rJi\IT N-·
KNOTTS GROVE BAPT CH ·-· N--
PROVIDENCE BAPT CH ----N -
DOT-OXFORD MAINT YARD p
LA!(ESIDE GRILL .-----N
BALL ?OUR PARK & LOUNGE ---N--
CASH'S CONVENIENT STORE ·---N---
;1 (_:::.
,. / ' [;/!<t/lf <l
240 9194929501 WELL 1 G p 361432.000 783645.000
240 9194929501 WELL 2 G p 361431. 000 783645.000
240 9194929501 WELL 3 G p 361430.000 783645.000
25 9196932959 WELL #1 G p 361540.000 783915.000
3 '.J--9+96-9'3-'.&9.&4--W&hh-# 2 G p 36i9§8.888 ~8 H25. ggg t;1.1.151DL~ I 0L
'r'.t¾~WE LL #1 G I' 362150.000 783840.000 ttl"f5101,: \,',t
25 WELL G p 362110.000 783745.000
90 9196936803 WELL G p 361950.000 783805.000
90 WELL G p 361520.000 783420.000
125 9196938673 WELL G p 361530.000 783910. 000
60 9194928003 WELL #1 G p 361944.930 783754.850
25 9196392895 WELL G p 361430.000 783700.000
100 9196935655 WELL G p 362030.000 783730:000
25 9196933242 WELL 1 G p 361913.000 783750.000
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To:
From:
Subject:
Date:
MEMORANDUM
File (_µ~tJ.sV
Donna Wilso1;PIJiJI_U'--" a
Environmental Engineer
North Carolina Superfund Section
Oxford water supply
Cristex Drum Site
Oxford, Granville County
June 5, 1998
On this date, I talked with Mr. Doug Frazier, assistant to the City Engineer,
regarding the City of Oxford's water supply. Mr. Frazier stated that the City's water plant
has not operated for 12 to 15 years. Water is supplied to the city from a regional water
line from Henderson. Henderson obtains the water from Kerr Lake. For a back-up, the
City maintains two water tanks. They are currently evaluating a site for a new water tank
to be located adjacent to the Cristex facility, on property now owned by Public Service
Co. of North Carolina. He agreed to.ri1ail me. a copy of the City's water line map, which
has not been updated to reflect the latest addition, a line that extends south on Interstate
85 to the rest areas.
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ur✓IT[D ST A T[S
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Basic Eiernents of Ground-Water Hydrology
\Nith Reference to Conditions in i'-!orth Carolina
81, R:ilph C. H2Jth
IJ S Geological Survey
vVater-Resources Investigations
Open-Fife Report 80-44
Prepared in cooperation with the
North Carolina Department of Natural
Resources and Community Development
Raleigh, North Carolina
7980
Ref 24
I Rock Units and Aquifers
I in the Piedmont and tv1ountains
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~~-, '-'-~ ktSc:~=~t)
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I ~ gf~~:~ MS r~s l _________________________ ____J
The rocks underlying the Pied;c-,ont and
I mountains can be divide,:; into two groups:
(1) bedrock, and (2) sapr0lite (or r;esiduum).
The saprolite underlies the land surface and
I ranges in thickness from a foot or two near
bedrock outcrops to more than 100 ft. Bedrock
underlies the saprolite and is the parent rock
from which the saprolite was derived in the
I:·· ·--;.:,process referred to as weathering. .
.',::._;:·Jylany,·s-iream valleys, especially those of
.. ',-larger streams, are underlain by a layer of
I·:-__ · :-:·ni'a_teria·I .fs_imi lar _in ~om position to. saprol i te.
• ,, · . This material, which nas been deposited by the ,;,-,-l '" -1.''. ___ ,streams during floods, is correctly referred to
Y~~:\y;.,.:a·s .'alluviu/TJ .. Ho\vever, to avoid unnecessary
I; '."/'.{cpmplicai.ions, we 1·1ill lump _the alluvium in ·
)f.'fjt;vii,(h )~e,L~?Pro_lite for the pllrpose :,o_f this -
'iJ:/1:f;t. ~:td1scuss1on.· -<·J · • ,:.~ .-., · •• '. "~~ 'if..,,_ • • . • , • .
"'t:•,;.:,:·,1-Jhe bedrock ·underly1ng•tlfo Piedmont.and:· l:?.t;t~~-§~n.t,310~-~·conf!S!S\of ma nY· d iff e_rent:,.tY'P8s·-·of '~' ·
.,._f~,.{}Q~~?U.~ "_?.fld _ .rf'!'.e/_~morphs,s;~d: igneo_us. _and, .
.?,},.;;-.,;;5J,djm_~~~<j/iY ro,:ks· Jhe Geq,~_r_alJzed S,,f!.ol,og1:: ··
1::1~~~,,~J-Map_, q_f,North, Carol 1~a!'?_ccon;i pany1ng the-;
f,_-_\;::~-1-\cu_ss1,o_n,of \YATER_,l3_E;:C,.RING ROCKS.: , ,-.-.;;,c·' ~d1v1des "the bed r_ock In ,th,e.' Piedmont and ,~t}·:· .
. --26
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mountains into six units. The 1 :500,000 scale
Geologic Map of North Carolina, published in
1958, divides the bedrock in the same area into
48 different units. But, a much larger number of
units have beeri identified and are shown on
large scale geologic maps.
The bedrock units differ from each other in
mineral composition and other geologic
characteristics. Fortunately, these differences
do not result in large differences in hydraulic
characteristics so that it is possible to combine
the bedrock units into a relatively small number
of ,hydrogeologic units .
The accompanying map shows the hydro-
geologic units into which the bedrock in the
Piedmont and mountains has bee·n divided by
the U.S. Geological Survey and the North
_Carolina Groundwater Section.
_ .. The most productive hydrogeologic units
·. are the Great Smoky Mountain belt and the
',,Blue Ridge-Inner Pie.dmont belt. The least
prcductive units are the Carolina Slate Belt and
the Triassic Basins. The 'Charlotte Belt is
intermediate in productivity.
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I Ground-\NZtter Situation
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in the Piedmont and Mountains
The saprolite (weathered rock) that forms
t~e land surface in the Piedmont and
mountains consists of uncons·olidate.d gran'J-
lar material. It thus contains water in the po,e
s_paces between rock particles.
The bedrock., on the other hand, does not
have any significant intergranular (prima:/)
porosity. It contains water, instead, in she2t-
like openings formed along fractures (that ;s,
breaks in the otherwise "solid" rock). Fractures
in bedrock are of two types: (1) joints, which
are breaks along which there has been no
differential movement; and (2) faults, which are
.breaks along which the·adjacent rocks have
undergone differential movement.
Faults are formed during earthquakes and
generally contain larger and more extensive
openings lhan those developed along joints.
Jnints, however, are far more numerous than
.,.. ·. faults. · •.
I ,<· .. ,;_~F.(actures (joints and ·faults) are more
. ·• ,:aburidant ,under valleys, draws, and. other
i(,: ; );i(i;1i::'~ oepres:si~r,s than under hills. In fact,
llJ'.lt?j f i;, :. ; ; .
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geologists assu~1e that it is the presence of
fractures that determined the position of
valleys in the first place. Fractures tend to be
more closely-spaced and the openings
developed along them lend to be larger near
the surface of the bedrock. Most fractures
appear to be non water-bearing below a depth
of 300 to 400 ft. Large water-bearing openings,
penetrated below this depth are probably
associated with faults.
The ground-water system in the Piedmont
and mountains is recharged by precipitation
on the interstream areas. A part of the
precipitation infiltrates through the unsatu-
rated .zone to the water table, whi.ch normally
occurs in the saprolite.
Ground water moves laterally and downward
through the saprolite to points of ground-
water seepage (springs) on the hillsides and to
the streams in the adjacent valleys. Some of the
water in the.saprolite also moves downward
into the bedrock and, thereafter, through the
fractures to.·the adjacent valleys.
' . ,.
I Hydraulic Characteristics of the
Piedn1ont and Mountain· 1.-Ground-Vv'ater System
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•••
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/ STORAGE
IN
BEDROCK
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I One of t:1e most basic concepts of wouncl-
. water hydrology is that aquifers function botl,
as reservoirs. in which water is in storage, and
as pipelines, which transmit water from one I point to another. This is referred to as the
reservoir-pipeline concept. This concept forms
a. useful basis on which to discuss the hydraulic
I .·:characteristics of the P_iedmont and mountain
.'.· ground-water system ..
•: · The r_eservoir (storage) function of aquifers
I • depends on the porosity. The pipeline function
.depends on the hydraulic conductivity and the
thickneSs of the aquifer. The approximate
._;_.·;)r_ange 'in. porosity-and hydraulic cond'uctivity
I·. ::~fiir;t:~e·sapiol.ite and b~dr,cick is shown in the
)"following tab.le. . .' ;.. ·
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WELL--W
--------~\
RESERVO\?. I
Rock type
Saprolite
Bedrock
Porosity in percent
ZJ-30
0.1-1
Hydraulic
conduclivi\y In
feet per day
1-20
1-20
s
The above values suggest that the principal
difference between saprolite and bedrock is in
waler-storage capacity. In other words, the
saprolite has the capacity to store a much
larger quantity of water than does the bedrock.
This is not the entire story, however.
As we noted above, the capacity of an aquifer
to transmit water depends both on hydraulic
conductivity and on aquifer thickness. The part
of the bedrock containing water-bearing
fractures is several times thicker than the
saprolile.
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We urn then, v1ithout great error, view the
grouno-water system in the Piedmont and
mountair;s as consisting of a saprolite reser-
voir overlying a bedrock pipeline consisting of
numerous small, interconnected pipes. In the
vicinity of a pumping well the bedrock
fractures ("pipes") convey water from the
saprolite reservoir to the well.
The yield of a well prawing from fractured
bedrock depends on several factors. The most
important of these are believed to be:
t. Tl1e number, size, areal extent, and
degree of interconnection of the fractures··
penetrated by the well, -
2. The thickness of saturate_d saprolite in the
vicinity of the well and the specific yield of
lhe saprolite, and
29
3. The hydraulic conductivity of the sapro-
lite and the nature of the hydraulic con-
nection between the saprolite and the
bedrock.
The number and the size or the fractures
control the rate at which water can enter the
well. The areal extent and degree of intercon-
nection of the fractures control the size of the
area that supplies water to the well.
The thickness and the specific yield of the
saprolite determines the volume of water
available from storage in the saprolite. The
hydraulic conductivity of the saprolile and tt1e
nature of the hydraulic connection between
the s8prolite and the bedrock determines the
rate at which waler can drain from the
saprolite into the bedroc:, fractures.
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Nco:m.GJOn.:'S!dian/Jc.oign.mU:l I M•y95
RECEIVED
1 4 °9tit: ,JUL ... , , , .. J
SUPERFUND SECTiOM
PREDESIGN
DATA ACQUISITION REPORT
FOR THE
JFD ELECTRONICS/CHANNEL MASTER
NPL SITE
June 1995
Prepared for:
1/
JFD Electronics/Channe!·Master, Inc.
Prepared by:
GERAGHTY & MILLER, INC.
Environmenra/ Sen,ices
2840 Plaza Place -Suite 350
Rabgh, North Carolina 27612
[phone]
GERAGHTY & MILLER. INC
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2-13
Additionally, wells CMMW22, CMMW09, CMMW13, CMMW16, and CMMWll were
sampled for parameters that will be used to design the treatment system. · Table 2-4 presents a
summary of analyses performed on samples collected in the March 1995 sampling event.
Sampling logs are presented in Appendix D.
2.6 OFF-SITE SOURCE INVESTIGATION
The RI suggested that an off-site source of VOCs, which was contributing to the site's
plume, is present south of the JFD Electronics/Channel Master site. During field investigation
activities in the summer of 1994, the Geraghty & Miller field geologist discovered the Drum
Dump Area near the comer of the Southgate Associates/Cristex/Public Service Propane
properties. The USEPA and the State of North Carolina Inactive Hazardous Sites Branch were
notified of the dump by Geraghty & Miller, after consultation with the JFD Electronics/Channel
Master responsible parties (RPs). A site visit was made by a representative of the North
Carolina Inactive Hazardous Sites Branch; however, to date no action is known to have taken
place relative to determination of the RPs of the dump.
To determine if this dump area is potentially contributing to the JFD Electronics/Channel
Master plume, soil apd groundwater samples were collected immediately downgradient from the
dump. During the Geoprobe sampling event in December 1994, both soil and groundwater
samples were collected. Based upon the results of the Geoprobe sampling, permanent well
CMMW20 was installed to monitor the upper 10 feet of the water tabie immediately
downgradient of the dump area. The well-construction diagram for CMMW20 is presented in
Appendix B, and sample logs arc presented in Appendix D. Sample results are presented and
discussed in Section 4.5.
N co-:m.O'J{)/228 ! ch&n/d.,•ign. rpt/31 M •}'95
GERAGHTY & MILLER, INC
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2-14
2. 7 SEDIMENT SAMPLE COLLECTION
Sediment samples were collected along the eastern drainage ditch at Locations
JFD-SED03--001, JFD-SED06--001, JFD-SED 15--001,JFD-SED 16--001, and JFD-SED 17-001 and
along the southern drainage ditch at locations JFD-SEDI0--001, JFD-SED09--001, and
JFD-SED08-001 (Figure 2-6). Sediment samples JFD-SEDI0-001, JFD-SED09-001,
JFD-SED08-001, JFD-SED03-001, and JFD-SED06--001 were collected from locations which
exhibited relatively elevated levels of chromium, copper, and nickel in previous investigations
at the site. Sample JFD-SED15--001 was collected from the unnamed tributary immediately
downstream of ~mple location JFD-SED06-001. Sample JFD-SED16-001 was collected
approximately one-third of the distance between JFD-SED06-001 and Highway 15. Sample
JFD-SEDl 7-001 was collected approximately two-thirds of the distance between sampling
location JFD-SED06-00I and Highway 15.
Sediment samples were collected frqm erosional and depositional areas according to
procedures described in the RD work plan. Sediment samples were submitted for analysis of
total chromium, total copper, total nickel, acid volatile sulfide (A VS), A VS simultaneously
extracted metals (SEM), total organic carbon (TOC), and percent total solids. As agreed to by
the USEPA and Geraghty & Miller, the analysis of sediment samples collected from
JFD-SED17-00I was not conducted based on the analytical results of sample JFD-SED16-00I
immediately upstream of JFD-SED17-001. It was agreed that if constituent concentrations
detected in JFD-SEDl6-00I were below National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA) Effects Range-Low Values (ER-Ls), then the downstream sample (JFD-SED17-00I)
did not have to be analyzed.
No.r.D2.030r.:28 I ch&n/dc,,iv,..rpt/3 J M•y95
GERAGHTY 8 MILLER, !NC 0
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3-2
3.2 SITE HYDROGEOLOGY
3.2.1 Hydrogeologic Units
The hydrogeologic system beneath ihe JFD site is composed of three distinct hydrogeologic
· units as shown in Figure 3-3. The uppermost unit consists of unconsolidated saprolitic
overburden which ranges in thickness from 5 to 40 feet, with an average saturated thickness of
15 feet. This saprolite unit overlies a zone of weathered crystalline bedrock. The thickness of
the _weathered zone varies from 25 .to 40 feet with an average thickness of 35 feet. Underlying
the weathered zone is a zone of fractured bedrock to approximately 25 feet below top of rock.
Underlying the fractured bedrock is a relatively unfractured or sparsely fractured crystalline
bedrock. Groundwater occurs in each of these hydrogeologic units and, based upon aquifer
testing at the site, the two upper units (unconsolidated saprolitic overburden and upper fractured
> bedrock) are hydraulically interconnected and act as one unit. The deeper, relatively unfractured
bedrock zone has a much lower hydraulic conductivity than the upper zones because of limited
fracturing.
3.2.2 Direction of Groundwater Flow
Groundwater elevation data were collected at the site in September and November 1994,
after the installation of Phase I wells and in April 1995 after installation of the Phase II wells.
These data are presented on Table '.!-3. Dep~l!to groundwater ranged from less than 1 ft bis a~
locations adjacent to theintermittent stream to approximately 14 feet near the Drum Dump Area,
just east of the Cristex property. On the Avnet facility, depth to water ranged from
approximately 4 ft bis at well CMMW13 to approximately JO ft bis at well CMMWl4.
Variation in the depth to groundwater is indicative of the site topography. Data from April 28,
1995, were placed on the site map and contoured to generate the water-table elevation contour
map included as Figure 3-4.
NODJ2.0J0/228 ! chm/do,,icr,..rpl/3 I May95
GERAGHTY & MILLER, INC. 0
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3-3
The water taNe is a subdued reflection of the site topography with depth to water increasing
at higher elevations. A small, eastward flowing, intermittent stream south of the railroad tracks ' . .
is located in a topographical low that influences groundwater flow. Topographically the Avnet . ..
facility, the Cristex facility, and the southern portion of the Southgate Associates property are
higher than the intermittent stream; therefore, groundwater from all of these sites generally flows
toward this topographically low, swampy area, The primary groundwater flow direction north
of the intermittent stream· is southeastward while the flow direction south of the stream is
northeastward. Overall, the primary groundwater flow direction in the area is eastward toward
Highway 15.
Vertical hydraulic gradients for the site are summarized in Table 3-1. The data indicate that
vertical gradients are generally downward beneath:the facility and upward near the intermittent
stream. This suggests the facility is on a recharge area, and the drainage ditch/intermittent
stream acts as a discharge area. These data agree'with the findings of the RI.
3.2.3 Aquifer Hydraulic Properties
The purpose of the predesign aquifer testing;Program was to obtain refined estimates_ of
hydraulic properties such as transmissivity and anis2tropy for the hydrogeologic units underlying •., .
the site. These data will be _used in the pred~sign phase to develop a three-dimensional ·• groundwater flow model for the site. The ground~ater flow model will be used to optimize the
design of a remedial groundwater extraction system.
3.2.3.1 Slug Test Analysis
G(!raghty & Miller collected slug test data from 11 monitor wells (CMMW07, CMMW09,
CMMWII, CMMW12, CMMW13, CMMWl4, CMMW15, CMMW16, CMMW17,
CMMW18, and CMMWl9) in November 1994. Because the aquifer at the site is unconfined,
the slug test data were analyzed using the Bouwer and Rice (1976) method. The primary
Nonn.03012281 d.n/dotign.rJ>l!J l May95
GERAGHTY & MILLER, !NC. 0
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September 13, 1995
4-7
Groundwater samples were collected from GP-7, immediately downgradient of the Drum
Dump Area on the Southgate Associates property. PCE and TCE were detected by the mobile
laboratory at concentrations of 115 µg/L and 8 µg/L, respectively, in sample GP-7-20. A
confirmation sample was submitted to Savannah Laboratories and 4 IO µg/L of PCE was detected
as was 1700 µg/L of acetone. A soil sample collected from O to 2 ft bis at GP-7 contained
chlorobenzene and toluene. These results suggest that a release has occurred and the drum dump
is the source of the VOC plume south of the site, as discussed in the RI.
Geoprobe sample GP-8 was attempted at a location downgra.dient of the Drum Dump Area.
However, no sample was recovered for analysis due to the high clay content in the area. Based
upon groundwater flow direction, it is believed that GP-8 lies within the plume originating from
the Drum Dump Area.
Chlorobenzene and 1,2-Dichloroethene (total) were detected in sample GP-9-24.5, collected
downgra.dient of the drum dump area and the former Cristex facility lagoon. These compounds
are not indicative of the site plume and are probably the result of a release south of the railroad
tracks.
A Geoprobe groundwater sample was collected north of well cluster CMMW14/CMMW15
to define the northern lateral extent of the plume. The sample, designated GP-11-22, contained
no detectable concentrations of voes. Therefore, the northern extent of the plume was defined.
4.4 PHASE II GROUNDWATER SAMPLING RESULTS
~ upon the Phase I data and the Geoprobe sampling results, five additional permanent
monitor wells were installed to delineate the plume. Additionally, select Phase I wells were
resampled as a check of the Phase I results. The wells were analyzed for the parameters outlined
on Table 2-4. Details regarding the well installation and sampling strategies are presented in
Section 2.5. Phase II analytical results are presented in Tables 4-11 to 4-14. Figure 4-2
presents a summary of both Phase I and Phase II voe constituent data.
GERV,f-iTY r,;, \111.l.FR. INC'
f?1,,_,_le,,
C!..l-{/1/1)-
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4-10
both total and dissolved metals analysis are presented for this well. Table 4-14 presents the
results of the Phase II metals analyses. The results of the analyses concur with the Phase I
results, which indicate that metals from the site are not present in the groundwater at
concentrations above MCLs. Furthermore, a comparison of the total and dissolved metals
concentrations for CMMW22 provides additional evidence that turbid samples yield data with
metals concentrations indicative of the silts within the sample and not of the dissolved metals in
the groundwater.
4.4.3 Biogeochemical Parameters
To assist in the design of the groundwater treatment system, various biogeochemical data
were collected from select wells. These data are presented on Table 4-15. The parameters
analyzed were selected to provide information on the biological activity within the aquifer that
may natually reduce the VOC concentrations. Three wells were selected for sampling:
CMMW09 (upgradient), CMMW13 (hot spot within the plume), and CMMW22 (downgradient).
The results indicate that TDS, TOC, and sulfate are markedly higher within the plume
(CMMWl3) than outside the plume.
The metals data indicate relatively low concentrations of both total and dissolved iron and
manganese. Low concentrations of these metals mean fouling of the remediation system should
n·:it be a major problem.
4.5 OFF-SITE SOURCE INVESTIGATION RESULTS
The RI indicated the presence of an off-site source of VOCs south of the JFD
Electronics/Channel Master site which contributes to the site's plume. During field investigation
activities in the summer of 1994, the Geraghty & Miller field geologist discovered a Drum
Dump Area near the corner of the Southgate Associates/Cristex/Public Service Propane
properties. The USEPA and the State of North Carolina Inactive Hazardous Sites Branch were
Nc:u:m.0)0/2281 di&n/dc..ig.n.rpt/31 May95
GERAGHTY & MILLER. INC.
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4-11
notified of the dump by Geraghty & Miller, after consultation with the RPs. A site visit was
made by a representative of the North Carolina Inactive Hazardous Sites Branch; however, to
date no action is known to have taken place relative to determination of the dump RPs. To
determine if this dump area is potentially contributing to the JFD Electronics/Channel Master
plume, soil and groundwater samples were collected immediately downgradient from the dump.
During the Geoprobe sampling event in December 1994, both soil and groundwater samples
were collected in association with this dump area. A zroundwater sample was collected from
Geoprobe sample GP-7, immediately downgradient of the Drum Dump Area on the Southgate
Associates property. PCE and TCE were detected by the mobile laboratory at concentrations
of 115 µg/L and 8 µg/L, respectively, in sample GP-7-20, which was collected from 20 ft bis ..
A confirmation sample of GP-7-20 Y,as submitted to SL, and 410 µg/L of PCE and 1700 µg/L
of acetone were detected. A soil sample collected from O to 2 ft bis at GP-7 contained
chlorobenzene and toluene. These results suggest the Drum Dump Area is the source of the
voe plume south of the site, a~ discussed in the RI.
Chlorobenzene and ! ,2--dichloroethene (total) were detected in sample GP-9-24.5, collected
downgradient of the Drum Dump Area and the former Cristex facility lagoon. These
compounds are not indicative of the site plume and are likely the resuit of a release south of the
railroad tracks.
Figure 2-3 illustrates the Geoprobe sampling locations. The data from samples GP-7-20 and
GP-9-24.5 are presented in Tables 4-10 and 4-9, respectively.
Based upon the results of the Geoprobe sampling, permanent well CMMW20 was installed
to monitor the upper 10 feet of the Y,ater table immediately downgradient of the Drum Dump
Area. This well was sampled in March 1995 as part of the Phase Il sampling event, and PCE
was detected at a concentration of 2t-O µg/L while TCE was detected at 31 µg/L. These results
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5.0 SEDIMENT ANALYTICAL RESULTS
5.1 RESULTS OF SEDIMENT SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS
Results of the analysis of sediment samples collected from the eastern and southern drainage
ditches are presented in Table 5-L The quality control sample results are included in Table 5-2.
A comparison of the sediment data results from the eastern and southern drainage ditches are
presented in Tables 5-3 and 5-4, respectively. A total of eight sediment samples were colle::ted
from the drainage ditches associated with the site and analyzed. One sample (JFD-SED03R-001)
represents a field replicate. As indicated in Section 2,7, sample JFD-SED17-001 (Figure 2-4)
was collected downgradient of the site; however, based on the comparison of analytical results
of sample JFD-SED16-001 immediately upgradient of sample JFD-SED17-001 to NOAA
screening values, sample JFD--SED17-001 was not analyzed. Sediment samples were analyzed
for total chromium, total copper, total nickel, A YS, A VS SEM, TOC, and percent total solids.
Chromium was detected only in sample JFD-SED03-001 and the field replicate
JFD-SED03R-001 at concentrations of 556 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) and 640 mg/kg,
respectively, Chromium was detected in the remaining samples, but was qualified as not
detected due to chromium concentrations in the equipment blanks. Copper was detected in all
samples (JFD-SED16-00I, 15-001, 10-001, 09-001, 08-001, 06-001, 03-001, and 03R-001).
However, copper was detected above the ER-L only at locations JFD-SEDJO and JFD-SED3.
Nickel was detected in sample JFD-SED03R-001 at a concentration of 180 mg/kg. Nickel was
detected in the remaining samples, but was qualified as not detected due to elevated nickel
concentrations in the equipment blanks,
Several metals form insoluble sulfide precipitates in anaerobic sediments, which ca!l reduce
the bioavailability of these metals. One approach to assess the level of bioavailable metals is
to measure the concentration of AVS and SEM in the sediment and compare these values, This
reaction is applicable to metals whose sulfides are less soluble than iron sulfide (e.g., cadmium,
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September 13, 1995
5-2
copper, lead, mercury, nickel, and zinc) (DiToro et al., 1990). Therefore, SEM chromium
concentrations were not measured. A VS was detected in three samples (JFD-SED03-001,
10-001, and 16-001) at concentrations of 41 mg/kg, 26 mg/kg, and 14 mg/kg, respectively. The
A VS concentration for sample JFD-SED03-001 was I-qualified (e.g., estimated) because the
duplicate sample criteria were not met. A VS concentrations were below the detection limit in
the remaining samples. SEM copper was detected in all samples. SEM nickel was detected in
five samples (JFD-SED03-001, 03R-001, 08-001, QCJ-001, and 10-001) at concentrations of 140
mg/kg, 83 mg/kg, 1.5 mg/kg, 3.8 mg/kg, and 23 mg/kg, respectively. Copper concentrations
for sample JFD-SED03-001 and the field replicate sample JFD-SED03R-001 were I-qualified.
TOC and total percent solids for sediment samples collected from the eastern and southern
drainage ditches are presented in Tables 5-3 and 5-4, respectively. TOC values ranged from
relatively low (1500 mg/kg at JFD-SED16-001) to relatively high (12,000 mg/kg at
JFD-SEDIQ-001). Total percent solids values were relatively consistent among the samples.
5.2 INTERPRETATION/DISCUSSION OF SEDIMENT RFSUL TS
The eastern and southern drainage ditches at the site are intermittent in nature and primarily
supported by overland sheet flow. The nature of the drainage ditches likely restrict any viable
benthic (sediment-dwelling) or aquatic communities. Therefore, it is highly unlikely that benthic
or aquatic organisms would be exposed to constituents detected in sediments. However, the
drainage ditches may act as a migration route to downgradient water bodies. Concentrations in
downgradient water bodies would be lower than concentrations detected in the drainage ditches
. due to sorption and dilution. However, in an attempt to evaluate worst-case impacts the
drainage ditch sediments may have on potential benthic and/or aquatic organisms in the drainage
ditches, constituent concentrations detected in sediment were compared to available sediment
quality screening values.
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Currently, there are no formally promulgated North Carolina or federal sediment quality criteria (SQC) for the protection of aquatic life, although SQC have been published for several nonpolar hydrophobic organic compounds (USEPA, 1988; 1993a,b,c,d,e). In the ROD, the USEPA stated that NOAA effects-based sediment screening values be used to evaluate sediment results.
NOAA screening values are not standard:; or criteria, but are available for evaluating the potential for constituents in sediments to cause adverse biological effects. NOAA ER-L values are concentrations equivale,1t to the lower JO percentile of available data screened by NOAA and indicate the low end of the range of concentrations at which adverse biological effects were observed or predicted in sensitive species and/or sensitive life stages. NOAA Effects Range-Median (ER-M) values are concentrations based on the NOAA screened data at which effects were observed or predicted in 50 percent of the test organisms evaluated. One concern with ER-L and ER-M is that the concentration at which toxicity was observed could not be readily extrapolated from one sediment location to another. Sediment characteristics greatly influence the toxicity of constituents; thus, ER-L and ER-M cannot always be used as direct indicators of adverse effects to aquatic organisms.
Aquatic sediments readily adsorb metals and provide a repository for metal uptake by bottom-dwelling species. However, the total metal concentration of a sediment generally is not entirely available to these organisms. The bioavailability of constituents, especially metals, is related to the chemical activity of the constituent in the sediment-interstitial water system. The activity of several metals in sediment is strongly influenced by the A VS content of the sediment (DiToro et al., 1990). The A VS preferentially binds the metal on a mole-to-mole basis, thereby forming an insoluble and biologically unavailable metal-sulfide compound. Therefore, where the metal to , A VS concentration ratio in the sediment is less than one, the metal will be biologically unavailable and nontoxic to aquatic organisms. Where the A VS concentration is effectively zero, as it would be in fully aerobic sediments, other sediment properties, (i.e., TOC), would control the metal activity (DiToro et al., 1992).
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5-4
Chromium and nickel were reported in samples JFD-SED3-001 and JFD-SED03R-001
collected at concentrations above the NOAA ER-M at one sample location (JFD-SED03-00l)
along the eastern drainage ditch. Copper was detected at this sample location above the NOAA
ER-L. The comparison of SEM to A VS for copper indir.ates that the SEM to A VS ratio
([SEM]/[A VS]) is less than 1. Therefore, copper would not likely be biologically available at
this location. The SEM to A VS ratio for nickel exceeded l at JFD-SED03-00 I. Fine-grained,
organic-rich material such as that at JFD-SED03-001 (TOC of 8,500 tc 11,000 mg/kg) can
exhibit relatively elevated concentrations of inorganic constituents. Organic carbon can be a
dominant sorption phase for inorganics such as chrorr,ium, copper, and nickel, and, therefore,
can control the bioavai!ability of these compounds in sediments. Relatively high TOC values,
such as those at JFD-SED03-001, may render these inorganics biologically unavailable.
Sample location JFD-SED03-001 is approximately 100 feet from the site property line and
is likely influenced by runoff from an adjacent raised railroad track bed and overland sheetflow
unrelated to site activities. Sample locations JFD-SED15-001 and JFD-SED16-001, which are
downgradient of JFD-SED03-001, contained substantially lower concentrations of chromium,
copper, and nickel than JFD-SED03-001. Therefore, downgradient transport of chromium,
copper, and nickel is not indicated in the eastern drainage ditch.
Historical data indicate that concentrations of chromium, copper, and nickel are not elevated
upgradient of sample location JFD-SEDl0-001 (Bechtel, 1992a). Therefore, based on the
limited areal extent of concentrations of chromium, copper, and nickel concentrations in the
eastern drainage ditch relative to NOAA values, the absence of downgradient transport of these
constituents (and the likelihood that the concentrations are due to physical characteristics of the
sediments rather than site-related activities and are not bioavailable), remedial action associated
with the eastern drainage ditch should be limited to the immediate area of sample location JFD-
SED03-001 within the drainage ditch.
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5-5 Chromium and copper were reported at concentrations above the NOAA ER-L at one sample location (JFD-SEDI0-001) along the southern drainage ditch. The concentration of nickel exceeded the NOAA ER-M at this sample location. The SEM to A VS ratio for nickel was less than one. Therefore, nickel is not expected to be bioavailable. The SEM to A VS ratio for copper exceeded one. Based on previous studies at the site (Bechtel, 1992a), elevated levels of copper appear to occur naturally in the area. Concentrations of up to 21 mg/kg were previously reported in upgradient control site sediments. Therefore, elevated copper concentrations may be due to sources unrelated to site activities. Fine-grained, organic-rich material such as that at JFD-SEDI0-001 (TOC of 12,000) can exhibit relatively elevated concentrations of inorganic constituents, such as chromiun,, copper, and nickel. Organic carbon can be a dominant sorption phase for inorganics, and, therefore, can control the bioavailability of these compounds in sediments. Relatively high TOC values, such as those at JFD-SED 10-001 may render these inorganic compounds biologically unavailable ..
Sample locations JFD-SED09-001 and JFD-SED0S-001, which are downgradient of JFD-SEDI0-001, contained lower concentrations of chromium, copper, and nickel than JFD-SEDJ0-001 (Table 5-4). Therefore, downgradient transport of chromium, copper, and nickel is not indicated in the southern drainage ditch.
Historical data indicate that concentrations of chromium, copper, and nickel are generally not elevated relative to NOAA values upgradient of sample location JFD-SEDI0-001 (Bechtel, 1992a). Therefore, based on the limited areal extent of elevated concentrations of chromium, copper, and nickel concentrations in the southern drainage ditch, the absence of downgradient transport of these constituents and the likelihood that the elevated concentrations are due to physical characteristics of the sediments rather than site-related activities, remedial action associated with the southern drainage ditch should be limited to the immediate area of sample location JFD-SEDI0-001 within the drainage ditch.
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6.0 CONCLUSIONS
Revision 1
Septonber 13, 1995
Based upon the various phases of investigations conducted as part of the predesign data
acquisition the following conclusions were developed:
• Dissolved metals are not present in the groundwater at concentrations above the
remedial action levels specified in the ROD. Previously detected metals in the
groundwater were likely the result of turbid and/or grout contaminated samples.
• For the purposes of remedial design, the horizontal extent of voes has generally been
defined as shown on Figure 4-5. The toe of the plume lies near the confluence of the
two intermittent streams on the western portion of the Oak Ridge Apartments property
and may extend eastward somewhat onto the Bennett Hightower property.
• The voe plume's highest concentrations are within the upper unconsolidated zone
beneath the parking lot behind the Avnet facility building. The concentrations decrease
vertically downward and downgradient from this area.
• voes were detected above established remedial action levels in the bedrock zone to
a depth of I 10 ft bis in well CMMW 17, south of the railroad tracks. The bedrock has
low hydraulic conductivity and few fractures, based upon slug test data and drilling
information, respectively.
• The site's voe plume is characterized by a high TCE to PCE ratio; i.e., the TCE is
present at markedly higher concentrations than PCE. An off-site plume, apparently
emanating from an abandoned Drum Dump Area near the rear of the Cristex property, '
commingles with the site plume near the intermittent stream on the Southgate
Associates property. Figure 4-5 illustrates the site plume, drum dump plume, and the
commingled plume locations.
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I Table 2-1. Monitor Well Details, JFD Electronics/Channel Master Site, Oxford, North
Carolina.
I Well Monitor Screened Interval Well
Designation Phase Zone (ft bis) Material I
I CMMW0l RI Intennediate 42.4 -5.2.4 Stainless Steel
CMMW02 RI Intennediate 45.0 -55.0 Stainless Steel
CMMW03 RI Intennediate 24.1 -34.1 Stainless Steel I CMMW04 RI Intennediate 41.0-51.0 Stainless Steel CMMW05 RI Intennediate 35.5 -45.5 Stainless Steel
CMMW06 RI Intennediate 45.0 -55.0 Stainless Steel • CMMW07 RI Shallow Bedrock 67.0 -77.0 Stainless Steel CMMW08 RI Shallow Bedrock 67.5 -77.5 Stainless Steei
D SME-01 RI Shallow Stainless Steel TW-24 RI Shallow 6.5 -11.5 Stainless Steel CMMW09 Phase I Shallow 8.0-18.0 PVC D CMMWl0 Phase I , Shallow 8.0 -18.0 Stainless Steel CMMWll Phase I Shallow 8.0 -18.0 PVC ( C¥Af\Vl2 Phase I Top of Rock 50.0 -60.Q• PVC I CMMWI3 Phase I Shallow 8.0 -16.0 Stainless Steel CMMWl4 Phase I Shallow 8.0 -18.0 PVC
I CMMWI5 Phase I Top of Rock 50.0 -60.0 PVC CMMW16 ,Phase I_ Shallow 6.0 -16,0 PVC -CMMWl7 Phase I Deep Bedrock 95.0 -110.0 PVC' I CMMWl8 · Phase I Shallow Bedrock 76.0 -91.0 PVC' CMMW19 Phase I Intennediate 30.5 -40.0 PVC C:Ml\1W21_ Phase I Shallow 5.0 -15.0; PVC I CMMW20 Phase II Shallow 15.0 -25.01 PVC CMMW22 Phase II Shallow 15.0 -25.0 PVC
I CMMW23 Phase II Intennediate 30.0 -40.0 PVC CMMW24 Phase II Intennediate 30.0 -40.0 PVC CMMW25 Phase II lntennediate 29.5 -39.5 PVC I CMMW26 Phase II Intermediate 30.0 -40.0 PVC
I ft bis Feel below land surface.
Unknown screened interval.
-Well was constructed with a steel outer casing to bedrock and a steel middle casing
through the upper bedrock to the monitored zone.
' 2 Well was constructed with a steel outer casing to bedrock. I
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I Table 2-3. Groundwater Elevation Data*, JFD Electronics/Channel Master Site, Oxford, North Carolina.
Depth to Water Depth to Water Depth to Water I Well Elevation Water Level Water Level Water Level Number TOC 9/29/94 9/29/94 11/9/94 11/9/94 4/28/95 4/28/95
I-CMMW-01 478.18 9.67 468.51 10.07 468.11 9.27 468.91 CMMW-02 466.24 7.00 459.24 7.09 459.15 6.71 459.53 CMMW-03 466.23 6.65 459.58 6.86 459.37 6.41 459.82 I CMMW-04 463.6 9.17 454.43 . 8.95 454.65 8.68 454.92 CMMW-05 469.99 7.93 462.06 8.24 461.75 8.01 461.98 CMMW-06 459.03 8.09 450.94 7.53 451.50 7.42 451.61 CMMW-07 463.6 6.05 457.55 5.71 457.89 5.58 458.02 I CMMW-08 476.74 8.51 468.23 8.96 467.78 8.10 468.64 CMMW-09 472.68 5.37 467.31 5.71 466.97 5.24 467.44 CMMW-10 469.71 7.82 461.89 8.15 461.56 7.67 462.04
I CMMW-11 466.69 6.95 459.74 8.03 458.66 6.65 460.04 CMMW-12 466.78 6.79 459.99 6.98 459.80 6.58 460.20· CMMW-13 463.68 5.27 458.41 4.67 459.01 4.20 459.48 CMMW-14 468.4 9.54 458.86 10.62 457. 78 10.42 457.98 I CMMW-15 468.17 10.63 457.54 10.48 457.69 10. 16 458.01 CMMW-16 . 458.82 5.44 453.38 4.54 454.28 4.22 454.60 CMMW-17 460.15 6.33 453.82 8.23 451.92 5.99 454.16 CMMW-18 455.58 5.77 449.81 5.58 450.00 5.15 450.43 D CMMW-19 456.48 6.93 449.55 6.44 450.04 6.32' 450.16 CMMW-20. 469.37 ND ND ND ND 13.85 455.52 .CMMW:21, 456.22~ 4.66 451.56 4.67 451.55 3.79 . 452.43
E CMMW-22 456.12 ND ND ND ND 5.62 450.50 CMMW-23 447.64 ND ND ND ND 3.49 444.15 CMMW-24 445.58 ND ND ND ND 4.92 440.66 CMMW-25 466.96 ND ND ND ND 8.07 458.89
I CMMW-26 468.44 ND ND ND ND 7.15 461.29 TW-24 463.88 I 1.70 452.18 11.54 452.34 10.73 453. 15 SME-01 477.80 9.65 468.15 10.14 467.66 9.21 468.59 HP-I 449.24 1.52 447.72 1.6 447.64 1.22 448.02 I HP-2 455.38 6.93 448.45 6.62 448.76 6.26 449.12 HP-3 451.67 1.93 449.74 2.45 449.22 2.48 449.19 HP-4 450.96 1.70 449.26 0.55 450.41 0.59 450.37 HP-6 462.28 10.89 451.39 11.04 451.24 10.17 452.11 I HP-8 447.14 0.65 446.49 0.79 446.35 0.49 446.65 TW-8 ND 5.03 ND 4.41 ND 4.36 ND TW-31 ND 0.00 ND I. 7 I ND 1.35 ND I OW-I 466.14 ND ND ND ND 6.48 459.66 PW-I 466.96 ND ND ND ND 7.18 459.78
I TOC Top of caBing.
• All elevations are relative to mean sea level.
ND No data.
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Table 4-1. Hydropunch Groundwater Sample Quality TCL VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: HP-I-IO HP-1-25 HP-2-8 HP-2-25 HP-3-10 HP-3-21 Sample Date: 7/]4/94 7/12/94 7/13/94 7/13/94 7/14/94 7/13/94 Sample Type: HydroPunch _Hydro Punch HydroPunch HydroPunch HydroPunch HydroPunch Media: Groundwater · Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Lab ID: S443839*3 S443732*1 S443798*5 S443798*1 S443839*2 S443798*2 Concentration Units: µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L
Benzene 10 U 10 U 10 U JO u IOU IOU Chlorobcnzcnc 4 J 4 J 10 U JO u 3 J 21 1.2-Dichlorocthene (Total) 53 54 IOU JO u 10 U 10 U Methylene chloride IOU IOU 10 U IOU 10 U IOU Tetrachlorocthcne 43 B 72 91 IOU 26 B IOU Trichloroethene 32 30 4 J 10 U IOU IOU
ftg/L Micrograms per liter.
U Compound was not detected above the CRQL. J Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and CRQL). B Compound was detected in the associated blank sample. D Compound concentration was quantitated using a secondary dilution. Z Compound concentration was not used. Sample result is a combination of two analytical runs.
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Table 4-1. Hydropunch Groundwater Sample Quality TCL VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: HP-4-IO HP-4-22 HP-5-10 HP-5-25 HP-<i-16 HP-7-11.5 Sample Date: 7/14/94 7/13/94 7/14/94 7/13/94 8/18/94 8/20/94 Sample Type: HydroPunch HydroPunch HydroPunch HydroPunch HydroPunch HydroPunch Media: Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Lab ID: S443839*4 S443798*4 S443839*1 S443798*3 S444503*1 S444526*2 Concentration Units: µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L
Benzene IOU IOU IOU IOU 10 U 10 U Chlorobenzene 10 U 10 U 22 3 J 10 U 10 U I ,2-Dichloroethene (Total) 10 U 3 J 6J 10 U 10 U 10 U Methylene Chloride IOU IOU 10 U 10 U 10 U IOU Tetrachloroethene 39 B 35 10 U 10 U IOU 10 U Trichloroethene 10 U 3 J SJ 10 U 10 V IOU
µg/L Micrograms per liter.
U Compound was not detected above the CRQL.
J Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and CRQL). B Compound was detected in the associated blank sample.
D Compound concentration was quantitated using a secondary dilution.
z Compound concentration was not used. Sample result is a combination of two anal)1ical runs.
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Table 4-1. Hydropunch Groundwater Sample Quality TCL VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: HP-7-21.5 HP-8-10 HP-8-10 (DL) HP-8-20 HP-9-11 HP-9-24 Sample Date: 8/20/94 8/18/94 8/18/94 8/18/94 8/18/94 8/19/94 Sample Type: HydroPunch HydroPunch HydroPunch HydroPunch HydroPunch HydroPunch Media: Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Lab ID: S444526*3 S444503*2 S444503*9 S444503*6 S444503*3 S444503*5 Concentration Units: µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L
Benzene 10 U 10 U z 10 U 10 U 10 U Chlorobenzene 10 U IOU z 10 U 51 15 1,2-Dichloroethene (Total) 10 U 45 z 31 IO J 36 Methylene Chloride 10 U IOU z 10 U 10 U IOU Tetrachloroethene 10 U z 230 D 170 10 U 20 Trichloroethene 10 U 33 z 22 5 J 26
µg/L Micrograms per liter.
U Compound was not detected above the CRQL.
J Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and CRQL).
B Compound was detected in the associated blank sample.
D Compound concentration was quantitated using a secondary dilution.
Z Compound concentration was not used. Sample result is a combination of two analytical runs.
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Table 4,2. Hydropunch Quality Control Sample TCL VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
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· sample Name: FB-1 RB-I RB-2 RB-4 RB-5 TB-I Sample Date: 7/12/94 7/14/94 7/22/94 8/09/94 8/19/94 7/12/94 Sample Type: Field Blank Equipment Blank Equipment Blank Equipment Blank Equipment Blank Trip Blank Media: Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Lab ID: S443732*2 S443839*6 S444001*1 S444299*2 S444503*7 S443732*3 Concentration Units: µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L
Acetone II IOU 50 JOU JOU JOU Benzene IOU IOU IOU IOU JOU IOU 2-Butanone IOU IOU IOU 91 JO u JOU Carbon disulfide IOU JO u IOU JO u IOU JOU 2-Hexanone 11 JO u JOU IO 1 IOU JOU 4-Methyl-2-pentanone 10 U IOU IOU 4 1 JO u JOU Methylene chloride JOU 56 B 5 1 51 JOU 41 Toluene JOU JO u IOU IOU 21 IOU
µg/L Micrograms per liter.
U Compound was not detected above the CRQL.
1 Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and CRQL).
B Compound was detected in the associated blank sample.
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Table 4-2. Hydropunch Quality Control Sample TCL VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Page 2 of2
Sample Name: TB-2 TB-3 TB-3 TB-4 TB-5 TB-10 TB-I I Sample Date: 7/13/94 7/14/94 7/22/94 8/09/94. 8/18/94 . 8/19/94 8/20/94 Sample Type: Trip Blank Trip Blank Trip Blank Trip Blank Trip Blank Trip Blank Trip Blank Media: Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Lab ID: S443798*6 S443839*5 S444001*2 S444299*1 S444503*4 S444503*8 S444526*!
Concentration Units: µg/1... µg/1... µg/1... µg/1... µg/1... µg/1... µg/1...
Acetone IOU 10 U 10 U 22 IQ u 10 U 10 U Benzene 4 BJ IOU 10 U 10 U 10 U IOU 10 U 2-Butanone IOU 10 U IOU IOU 10 U 10 U 10 U
Carbon Disulfide 10 U IOU 10 U 10 U 10 U IOU 10 U 2-Hexanone IOU 10 U IOU 10 U 10 U 10 U 10 U 4-Methyl-2-Pentanone 10 U IOU 10 U 10 U 10 U 10 U 10 U Methylene Chloride IOU 10 U IOU 10 U 10 U IOU 12 Toluene IOU 10 U 9 J IOU 10 U 10 U 10 U
µg/1... Micrograms per liter.
U Compound was not detected above the CRQL.
J Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and CRQL).
B Compound was detected in the associated blank sample.
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Page 1 of7 Table 4-3. Phase I Groundwater Sample Quality TCL VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, Nonh Carolina.
Sample Name: SME0I JFD-CMMW0l-001 JFD-CMMW02-00 I CMMW02-00I (DL) JFD-CMMW03-00I Sample Date: 9/26/94 9/27/94 10/12/94 10/12/94 10/12/94 Sample Type: Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Media: Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Zone: Shallow Intermediate Intermediate Intermediate Intermediate Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Lab ID: S445225*1 S445255*1 S445566A*I S445566A*4 S445566A*2 Concentration Unit: µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L
Benzene 10 U 10 U 10 U z IOU Bromodichloromethane JOU 10 U IOU z 10 U Carbon Tetrachloride 10 U 10 U 10 U z IOU Chiorobenzene 10 U 10 U 10 U z IOU Chloroform 10 U JOU 10 U z 2 1 I, 1-Dichloroethane 10 U JOU 10 U z 10 U I, 1-Dichloroethene 10 U IOU 21 z 21 1,2-Dichloroethene (total) 10 U JO Ul 93 z 100 2-Hexanone IOU IOU JOU z 10 U Methylene chloride 10 U 10 U 10 U z 10 U Tetrachloroethene 10 U 10 U z 2600 D z Toluene 10 U 17 U IOU z 10 U I, I, I -Trichloroethane 10 U 10 U 10 U z 10 U Trichloroethene IOU 10 U z 7500 D z Vinyl chloride 10 U 10 U IOU z 71
µg/L Micrograms per liter. u· Compound was not detected above the CRQL or was qualified as undetected due to blank contamination. 1 Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and CRQL and/or QC criteria were not met). D Compound was quantitated using a secondary dilution factor. B Compound was detected in the associated method blank sample. Z Compound concentration was not used. Sample data are a combination of two analytical runs.
:,./C0202.030\.228Ichan\l..lble4-J.xb\5131/95
GERAGHTY & MlLLER. INC 0
------ - ---- -
1!!!!11!!11 1!!!!11!!11 l!!!!!I
Table 4-3. Phase I Groundwater Sample Quality TCL VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Page 2 of 7
Sample Name: CMMW03-00 I (DL) JFD-CMMW04-00 I CMMW04-00I (DL) JFD-CMMW05-00I CMMW05-00I (DL)
Sample Date: 10/12/94 10/11/94 10/11/94 l0/13/94 10/13/94
Sample Type: Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well
Media: Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater
Zone: Intermediate Intermediate Intermediate Intermediate Intermediate
Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah
Lab ID: S445566A*5 S445540A*8 S445540A • 11 S445588A*l S445588A*8
Concentration Unit: µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L
Benzene z JO u z I] z
Bromodichloromethane z 10 U z I0UJ z
Carbon Tetrachloride z JO u z 51 z
Chlorobenzene z IOU z 10 UJ z
Chloroform z JO u z 21 z
1, I-Dichloroethane z J 3 z IOUJ z
1, 1-Dichloroethene z IOU z 29 J z
1,2-Dichloroethene (total) z 58 z z 710 DJ
2-Hexanone z IOU z 41 z
Methylene chloride z 10 U z 34 UJ z
Tetrachloroethene 1500 D z 440 DJ z 6500 D
Toluene z IOU z IO UJ z
I, I, I -Trichloroethane z IOU z 6) z
Trichloroethene 10000 D z 5600 D z 35000 D
Vinyl chloride z 21 z I0UJ z
· µg/L Micrograms per liter.
U Compound was not detected above the CRQL or was qualified as undetected due to blank contamination.
J Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and CRQL and/or QC criteria were not met).
D Compound was quantitated using a secondary dilution factor.
B Compound was detected in the associated method blank sample.
Z Compound concentration was not used. Sample data are a combination of two analytical runs.
NC0102.030\228 I chan\table4-3.xb;OO !/95
GERAGHTY 6,' vrILLER. lNC
-- --- - ---- --l!!!!!!!!!I I!!!!!!! I!!!!
Table 4-3. Phase I Groundwater Sample Quality TCL VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, Nonh Carolina.
Page 3 of7
Sample Name: JFD-CMMW0SR-001 CMMW05R-O0I(DL) JFD-CMMW06-00 I SMMW06-00! (DL) JFD-CMMW07-00 I
Sample Date: 10/13/94 10/13/94 10/07/94 10/07/94 10/11/94
Sample Type: Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well
Media: Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater
Zone: Intennediate lntennediate Intermediate lntennediate Shallow Bedrock
Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah
Lab ID: S445588A*2 S445588A*9 S445489*I S445489*5 S445540A*7
Concentration Unit: µg/L µg/L µg/L (µg/L) µg/L
Benzene 1000 UJ z IOUJ z IOU
Bromodichloromethane 1000 UJ z IO UJ z 10 U
Carbon Tetrachloride 1000 UJ z I0UJ z IOU
Chlorobenzene lO00UJ z 0.7J z 10 U
Chlorofonn lO00UJ z 10 UJ z 10 U
I, 1-Dichloroethane 1000 UJ z I J z 10 U
I, 1-Dichloroethene 1000 UJ z 2 J z 10 U
1,2-Dichloroethene (total) 670 J z 16 J z 2]
2-Hexanone 1000 UJ z I0UJ z 10 U
Methylene chloride 1000 UJ z IO UJ z 2J
Tetrachloroethene 6500 z z 220 D 22 U
Toluene 1000 UJ z 16 UJ z IOU
I, I, I-Trichloroethane 1000 UJ z I0UJ z IOU
Trichloroethene z 34000 D 56 J z 32 U
Vinyl chloride 1000 UJ z IO UJ z IOU
· µg/L Micrograms per liter.
U Compound was not detected above the CRQL or was qualified as undetected due to blank contamination.
J Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and CRQL and/or QC criteria were not met).
D Compound was quantitated using a secondary dilution factor.
B Compound was detected in the associated method blank sample.
Z Compound concentration was not used. Sample data arc a combination of two anal)1ical runs.
NC0202.030\228 l chan\table4-3.xls\513 l/95
GERAGHTY & MILLER. !NC n '1.J
- ----- -
-_ 111!!!!1 ~ r;;;;a -- ---
Table 4-3. Phase I Groundwater Sample Quality TCL VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Page 4 of7
Sample Name: JFD-CMMW08-00 I JFD-CMMW09-00 I JFD-CMMWI0-001 CMMWl0-001 (DL) JFD-CMMWil-00 I
Sample Date: 9/27/94 9/28/94 10/13/94 10/13/94 9/29/94
Sample Type: Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well
Media: Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater
Zone: Shallow Bedrock Shallow Shallow Shallow Shallow
Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah
Lab ID: S445255*2 S445271*1 S445588A*7 S445588A • 11 S445311 *2
Concentration Unit: µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L
Benzene 10 U 10 U 100 U z IOU
Bromodichloromethane 10 U 10 U 100 U z 10 U
Carbon Tetrachloride 10 U IOU 26 J z 0.6 J
Chlorobenzene 10 U 10 U 100 U z 10 U
Chloroform 10 U 10 U 9J z 10 U
I, 1-Dichloroethane 10 U IOU 100 U z 14
I, 1-Dichloroethene 10 U 10 U 120 z 15
1,2-Dichloroethene (total) 10 U 10 U 610 z 28
2-Hexanone 10 U IOU 100 U z IOU
Methylene chloride 10 U IOU 220 B z 2J
Tetrachloroethene 10 U IOU z 5300 DJ 110
Toluene 10 U 10 U 100 U z IOU
1, 1, 1-Trichloroethane IOU 10 U 30 J z 5 J
Trichloroethene 10 U 10 U z 160000 D 52
Vinyl chloride IOU IOU 100 U z IOU
· µg/L Micrograms per liter.
U Compound was not detected above the CRQL or was qualified as undetected due to blank contamination.
J Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and CRQL and/or QC criteria were not met).
D Compound was quantitated using a secondary dilution factor.
B Compound was detected in the associated blank sample.
Z Compound concentration was not usecl. Sampk data are a combi.'1ation of two analytical runs.
NC0202 .030\228 l chan\tablc4--).xls\513 l/9 5
GERAGHTY (3 l\llLLER, INC
liiiiii -iiii iiii iiiill - ------ -- - -·--Page 5 of7
Table 4-3. Phase I Groundwater Sample Quality TCL VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: JFD-CMMWl2-00I CMMW12-00I (DL) JFD-CMMWl3-00I CMMWI3-00! (DL) JFD-CMMW13R-O0I
Sample Date: 9/29/94 9/29/94 10/11/94 10/11/94 10/11/94
Sample Type: Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well
Media: Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater
Zone: Top of Rock Top of Rock Shallow Shallow Shallow
Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah'
Lab ID: S4453 II• I S445311*4 S445540A* I S445540A*9 S445540A*2
Concentration Unit: )lg/L (µg/L) µg/L (µg/L) µg/L
Benzene IOU z IOU z 10 U
Bromodichloromethane IOU z 10 U z 10 U
Carbon Tetrachloride 10 U z IOU z IOU
Chlorobenzene IOU z IOU z IOU
Chloroform IOU z 10 U z 10 U
I, 1-Dichlorocthane IOU z 0.9 J z 0,8 J
I, 1-Dichlorocthene IOU z 7J z 6 J
1,2-Dichlorocthene (total) I J z z 300 DJ z
2-Hexanone 10 U z 10 U z 10 U
Methylene chloride 2 J z IOU z 10 U
Tctrachlorocthenc 15 U z z 2800 D z
Toluene 10 U z 17 U z 19 U
I, I, I-Trichloroethane 10 U z IOU z 10 U
T richlorocthene z 610 D z 6600 D z
Vinyl chloride 10 U z 2 J z 2]
µg/L Micrograms per liter.
U Compound was not detected above the CRQL or was qualified as undetected due to blank contamination.
J Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and CRQL and/or QC criteria were not met).
D Compound was quantitated using a secondary dilution factor.
B Compound was detected in the associated blank sample.
Z Compound concentration was not used. Sample data are a combination of two analytical runs.
NCl"/202.030\22& l char!\bthle4-J_'W\5/3 J /'}5
GERAGHTY & MlLLER. INC. 0
---- -- -- -- ----Page 6 of7
Table 4-3. Phase I Groundwater Sample Quality TCL VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: CMMWI3R-O0I(DL) JFD-CMMWI4-00I JFD-CMMW15-001 JFD-CMMW16-00I CMMWI6-001 (DL)
Sample Date: 10/11/94 10/03/94 10/03/94 10/07/94 10/07/94
Sample Type: Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well
Media: Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater
Zone: Shallow Shallow Top of Rock Shallow Shallow
Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah
Lab ID: S445540A • IO S445362*1 S4453G:1*2 S445489*2 S445489*6
Concentration Unit (µg/L) µg/L µg/L µg/L (µg/L)
Benzene z 10 U 10 U IOU z
Bromodichloromethane z 10 U 21 IOU z
Carbon Tetrachloride z IOU IOU 10 U z
Chlorobcnzcne z IOU IOU IOU z
Chloroform z IOU IOU IOU z
1.1-Dichlorocthane z IOU 10 U 0.6 J z
I, 1-Dichlorocthene z IOU IOU 2 J z
1,2-Dichlorocthenc (total) 290 DJ IOU 7 J z 310 D
2-Hexanone z 10 U IOU IOU z
Methylene chloride z IOU IOU IOU z
Tetrachlorocthene 2600 D IOU 18 U z 510 D
Toluene z 10 U IOU 38 z
I. I, I-Trichloroethane z IOU IOU IOU z
Trichloroethene 6100 D IOU 190 z 330 D
Vinyl chloride z 10 U 10 U 93 z
11g/L Micrograms per liter.
U Compound was not detected above the CRQL or was qualified as undetected due to blank contamination.
J Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and CRQL and/or QC criteria were not met).
D Compound was quantitated using a secondary dilution factor.
B Compound was detected in the associated method blank sample.
Z Compound concentration was not used. Sample data are a combination of two analytical mns.
NCoJ202 .0JO' .:.'281 chan\t,,ble4-3. ><ls\513 l/~• ~
GERAGHTY & MILLER. INC. 0
------ - - --- -- ------ - -----Page 7 of7
Table 4-3. Phase I Groundwater Sample Quality TCL VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: JFD-CMMW 17--00 l JFD-CMMW 18--00 I JFD-CMMWl 9--001 JFD-CMMW2I';OO JFD-TW24--001 TW24--00 I (DL) ~-------~--a.i.,l
Sample Date: 10/11/94 10/07/94 10/05/94 10/05/94-10/05/94 10/05/94
Sample Type: Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well
Media: Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater
Zone: Deep Bedrock Shallow Bedrock Intermediate Shallow Shallow Shallow
Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah
Lab ID: S445540A*6 S445489*3 S445438C*5 S445438C*4 S445438C*I S445438C*6
Concentration Unit µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L (µg/L)
Benzene 10 U 10 U 10 U 2J IOU z
Bromodichloromethane 10 U IOU 10 U 10 U 10 U z
Carbon Tetrachloride 10 U 10 U IOU 10 U 10 U z
!Chlorobenzene'y 10 U 10 U 10 U I3.oJ 10 U z
Chloroform 10 U 10 U 10 U 10 U 10 U z
I, 1-Dichloroethane 10 U 10 U 10 U I J 10 U z
I, 1-Dichloroethene 10 U 10 U 10 U IOU 10 U z
0;2:Dicliloroethene.(iotal)O I J 10 U 10 U CI80·9 160 z
2-Hexanone 10 U IOU 10 U 10 U 10 U z
Methylene chloride 10 U 10 U 10 U 10 U 10 lJ z
Hotraclilor_~thene 'ii 27U 10 U IOU [IQOJ/ z 850 D
Toluene 10 U 140 10 U IOU IOU z
I, I, 1-Trichloroethane 10 U 10 U 10 U IOU 10 U z
(Tric]iloro_etliene r, 19 U IOU 10 U C72-::5} 99 z
Vinyl chloride IOU 10 U 10 U 10 U 10 U z
f!g/L Micrograms per liter.
U Compound was not detected above the CRQL or was qualified as undetected due to blank contamination.
J Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and CRQL and/or QC criteria were not met).
D Compound was quantitated using a secondary dilution factor.
B Compound was detected in the associated blank sample.
Z Compound concentration was not used. Sample data .1re a combination of two analytical runs.
:-.'C0202.0J.0\22Slduu,ltable~-) xls\5/'J 1/95
GERAGHTY & MILLER. INC.
- - ---- ------ -- -- -
Page I of3
Table 4-4. Phase I Quality Control Sample TCL VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: JFD-CMMW99E--O0 I JFD-CMMW99E--002 CMMW99E--002(DL) JFD-CMMW99F--001 JFD-CMMW99F--002 JFD-CMMW99T--001
Sample Date: 10/11/94 10/13/94 I0/13/94 10/11/94 l0/13/94 9/26/94
Sample Type: Equipment Blank Equipment Blank Equipment Blank Field Blank Field Blank Trip Blank
Media: Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous
Laboratory:_ Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah
Lab ID: S445540A*4 S445588A*3 S445588A*l0 S445540A*3 S445588A*4 S445225*2
Concentration Unit: µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L
Acetone IOU 10 U z 12 B 10 U IOU
1,2-Dichloropropane 10 U 10 U z 0.7 J 10 U IOU
Methylene chloride IOU 5 BJ z 10 U 5 BJ IOU
Tetrachloroethenc 32 70 z I J IOU WU
Toluene 21 12 z 3 J 21 10 U
I, 1,2-Trichloroethane IOU 10 U z 0.8 J 10 U IOU
Trichloroethene 28 z 250 D 3 J I J IOU
flg/L Micrograms per liter.
U Compound was not detected above the CRQL.
J Estimated concentration (compound concentration is between the MDL and CRQL).
D Compound was detected using a secondary dilution factor.
B Compound was detected in the associated blank sample.
Z Compound concentration was not used. Sample data arc a combination of two annlytical nms.
SC )202.030\228 l chan\tablc4-A_ -ili\.'\/3 1/95
GERAGHTY & MILLER. INC.
- ---------- --- - --Page 2 of3
Table 4-4. Phase I Quality Control Sample TCL VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Charincl Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: JFD-CMMW99T --00 I JFD-CMMW99T --002 JFD-CMMW99T--003 JFD-CMMW99T--004 JFD-CMMW99T--005
Sample Date: I0/11/94 9/27/94 9/28/94 9/29/94 10/03/94
Sample Type: Trip Blank Trip Blank Trip Blank Trip Blank Trip Blank
Media: Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous
Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah
Lab ID: S445540A*5 S445255*3 S445271 *2 S4453 ! 1 *3 S445362*3
Concentration Unit: µg/L [lg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L
Acetone IOU IOU 10 U 10 U 10 U
1,2-Dichloropropane 10 U IOU IOU 10 U IOU
Methylene Chloride IOU 10 U 10 U 10 U 10 U
Tetrachlorocthene 10 U 2 J IOU 10 U 10 U
Toluene 3 J 21 10 U 5 J 10 U
I, 1,2-Trichlorocthane 10 U IOU IOU 10 U IOU
Trichlorocthene 10 U 10 U IOU 10 U 10 U
~1g/L Micrograms per liter.
U Compound was not detected above the CRQL.
J Estimated concentration (compound concentration is between the MDL and CRQL).
D Compound was detected using a secondary dilution factor.
B Compound was detected in the associated blank sample.
Z Compound concentration was not used. Sample data arc a combination of tv,10 analytical mns.
S'C020C..0J0\118lchm\tlble.\-4 .xh\YJ I 1'93
GERAGHTY & MlLLER, INC.
-------- - --- - -----Page 3 of3
Table 4-4. Phase I Quality Control Sample TCL VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: JFD-CMMW99T -006 JFD-CMMW99T-007 JFD-CMMW99T -008 JFD-CMMW99T-O 10 JFD-CMMW99T-Oll
Sample Date: 10/05/94 10/05/94 10/07/94 10/12/94 10/13/94
Sample Type: Trip Blank Trip Blank Trip Blank Trip Blank Trip Blank
Media: Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous
Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah
Lab ID: S445438C*2 S445438C*3 S445489*4 S445566A*3 S445588A*5
Concentration Unit: µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L
Acetone 10 U 10 U IOU 10 U 10 U
1,2-Dichloropropane 10 U 10 U 10 U 10 U 10 U
Methylene Chloride 2 J 10 U 10 U 10 U 4 BJ
Tetrachloroethene 3 J 2 J 0.8 J 3 J 10 U
Toluene 3 J 10 U 12 I J I J
I, 1,2-Trichlorocthane 10 U 10 U 10 U 10 U 10 U
Trichlorocthcnc 10 U 10 U 10 U 10 J 10 U
µg/L Micrograms per liter.
U Compound was not detected above the CRQL.
J Estimated concentration (compound concentration is between the MDL and CRQL).
D Compound was detected using a secondary dilution factor.
B Compound was detected in the associated blank sample.
Z Compound concentration was not used. Sample data are a combination of two analytical rnns.
NC0202 030\22Sl ch11n\ta ble4-~.xl~\YJ l/9 5
GERAGHTY & MILLER. INC. 0
-- -
iiiiil ----- -- -- --Page I of 2
Table 4-5. Phase I Groundwater Sample Quality TCL SVOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: JFD-CMMW02-00 I JFD-CMMW05-00 I JFD-CMMW 10-00 I JFD-CMMW I 1-00 I JFD-CMMWI3-00I JFD-CMMWl3R-O0I
Sample Date: 10/12/94 10/13/94 10/13/94 9/29/94 10/11/94 10/11/94
Sample Type: Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well
Media: Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater
Zone: Intermediate Intermediate Shallow Shallow Shallow Shallow
Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Sav!'111'ah.
Lab ID: S445566*1 S445588*! S445588*2 S4453 ! IC*l S445540*3 S445540*4
Concentration Unit: µg/L µg/L flg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L
1,2-Dichlorobenzene IOU 10 U IOU IOU IOU IOU
1,3-Dichlorobenzene IOU 10 U 10 U IOU IOU IOU
1,4-Dichlorobenzene 10 U 10 U 0.5 J IOU IOU IOU
Naphthalene 10 U 10 U 0.6 J IOU 10 U IOU
µg/L Micrograms per liter.
U Compound was not detected above the CRQL.
J Estimated concentration (compound concentration is between the MDL and CRQL).
D Compound was detected using a secondary dilution factor.
Z Compound concentration was not used. Sample data are a combination of two analytical runs.
:S:C0W2. 0~\2 28 ! chan\~ble4-5 .xh\5/31 /95
GERAGHTY & MlLLER, INC 0
-- -- ---- -- -------Page 2 of2
Table 4-5. Phase I Groundwater Sample Quality TCL SVOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: JFD-CMMW14--00I JFD-CMMWI6--00I JFD-CMMW21--00 I CMMW21--001 (DL) JFD-TW24--00 I
Sample Date: 10/03/94 10/07/94 10/05/94 10/05/94 10/05/94
Sample Type: Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well
Media: Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater
Zone: Shallow Shallow Shallow Shallow Shallow
Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah
Lab ID: S445362C*I S445489C* I S445438B*2 S445438B*3 S445438B*l
Concentration Unit: µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L
1,2-Dichlorobenzene 10 U IOU z 210 D 10 U
1,3-Dichlorobenzene IOU 10 U 10 U z 10 U
I. 4-Dichlorobenzene 10 U IOU 14 z 10 U
Naphthalene 10 U 10 U 10 U z 10 U
µg/L Micrograms per liter.
U Compound was not detected above the CRQL.
J Estimated concentration (compound concentration is between the MDL and CRQL).
D Compound was detected using a secondary dilution factor.
Z Compound concentration was not used. Sample data arc a combination of two analytical 1 uns.
NCJ202.D30'l2281 cluu,\ti,blc4-5 .. xl.,15.13 119 5
GERAGHTY & MILLER, INC. 0
-----------------Page I of 5
Table 4-o. Phase I Groundwater Sample Quality Total and Dissolved T AL Metal, Hexavalent Chromium, and Total/ Amenable Cyanide Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: SME0I JFD-CMMW0 I --00 I JFD-CMMW0 1--00 I JFD-CMMW02--001 JFD-CMMW03--00I JFD-CMMW04--00 I Sample Date: 9/26/94 9/27/94 9/27/94 10/12/94 10/12/94 10/11/94 Sample Type: Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Media: Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Zone: Shallow Intermediate Intermediate Intermediate Intermediate Intermediate Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Lab ID: S445225*1 S445255*1/S445255B*I S445255*l S445566A*I S445566A*2 . S445540A *8 Concentration Unit: µg/L µg/L µg/L (Dissolved) µg/L µg/L µg/L
Aluminum 643 109 U NA 362 J 143 UJ 443 J Antimony 8.9 U 8.9 U NA 8,9 U 8.9 U 10.2 B Arsenic 1.4 U 1.4 U NA 1.4 U 1.4 U 1.4 U Barium 40.5 U 29.2 U 1'-~A 32.2 U 59.1 U 59.8 BJ Beryllium 0.22 U 0.14 U NA 0.21 U 0,14 U 0.14 U Calcium 9520 U 10100 U NA 31700 U 18200 U 97400 U Hexavalent chromium IOU IOU NA lOUJ 10 UJ 50 U Chromium IUU 5.2 U NA 3.3 U 3.3 U 7.7 B Cobalt 1.6 U 1.6 U NA 1.6 U l.6 U 3.0 U Copper 10.3 U 16 U NA 6.9 U 4.1 U 43.4 U Iron 1660 166 204 495 J 313 J 1050 J Lead 1.5 u 1.4 U NA I.SU 0.91 U 1.8 UJ Magnesium 5450 U 5080 U NA 13200 U 8870 U 55000 Manganese 44.1 7.9 U 9.0 U 299 385 24.7 Nickel 7,7 U 2.3 U NA 7.4 U 7.6 U 15.1 U Potassium 810 U 1270 U NA 1580 U ll00U 1820 U Silver 2.3 U 2.3 U NA 2.3 U 2.3 U 2.3 U Sodium I 1000 U 12500 U NA 20300 U 24100 U 33800 U Vanadium 10.4 U 7.3 U NA 7.6 U 6.4 U 6.2 U Zinc 18 U 19.2 U NA 7.4 UJ 20.2 UJ 35.7 UJ Cyanide (amenable) 10 U 10 U NA 10 U 10 U 81 Cyanide (total) IOU IOU NA 10 U 10 U 354 Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L) NA 150 NA NA NA
µg/L Micrograms per liter.
mg/L Milligrams per liter.
U Compound was not detecte-d above th,= IDL or was qualified as undetected due to blank contamination. 13 Compound concentration detected is between the IDL and CRDL
J Compound concentration detected is qualified as estimated (J).
NA Compound was not analyzed.
-
.-. GERAGHTY & rv1.lLLER, INC ,.., :-,:co202 0)0/2281 chMVUbl='T ABLE,1-6 .XLS/ !>/31/9 5
--·-- --- - - -- --- - - --Page 2 of5
Table 4-6. Phase I Groundwater Sample Quality Total and Dissolved TAL Metal, Hexavalent Chromium, and Total/Amenable Cyanide Data Summary,
JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: JFD-CMMW05-00 I JFD-CMMW05R-O0 I JFD-CMMW06-00 I JFD-CMMW06-00 I JFD-CMMW07-00 I
Sample Date: 10/13/94 I0/13/94 !On/94 10n194 10/11/94
Sample Type: Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well
Media: Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater
Zone: Intermediate Intermediate Intermediate Intermediate Shallow Bedrock
Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah
Lab ID: S445588A*I S445588A*2 S445489* I/S455489B* I S445489*1 S445540A*7
Concentration Unit: µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L (Dissolved) µg/L
Aluminum 57 UJ 50.4 UJ 98.7 U NA 56 UJ
Antimony 8.9 U 8.9 U 8.9 U NA 8.9 U
Arsenic 1.4 U 1.4 U 1.4 U NA 1.4 U
Barium 53 U 52.1 U 14.5 U NA 40.7 U
Beryllium 0.14 U 0.19 U 0.14 U NA 0.21 U
Calcium 13000U 12800 U 47800 U NA 44900 U
Hexavalent chromium 10 U 10 U 10 U NA IOU
Chromium 3.3 U 3.3 U 3.5 U NA 13.7
Cobalt l.6 U l.9 U l.6 U NA 1.6 U
Copper 3.1 U 2.8 U 7.5 U NA 3.1 U
Iron 130 J 125 J 84.1 U 17.1 U 75.9 U
Lead 0.91 U 0.91 U 0.91 U NA 0.91 U
Magnesium 6930U 6820 U 32600 U NA 4340 U
Manganese 49.6 47.1 320 322 77.2
Nickel 3.9 U 3.6 U 2.3 U NA 5.4 U
Potassium 895 U 868 U 1230 U NA 87200 U
Silver 2.3 U 2.5 U 2.3 U NA 2.3 U
Sodium 22300 U 21900U 29500 U NA 31500 U
Vanadium 5.5 U 7.9 U 3.7 U NA 2.4 U.
Zinc 5.3 U 12.9 U 16 U NA JO.I UJ
Cyanide (amenable) JG U 10 U 10 U NA 10 U
Cyanide (total) 10 U 10 U 10 U NA IOU
Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L) NA NA 400 NA
µg/L Micrograms per liter.
mg/L Milligrams per liter.
U Compound was not detected above the IDL or was qualified as undetected due to blank contaminati:m.
B Compound concentration detected is between the IDL ar,d CRDL
J Compound concentration detected is qualified as l."Stimated (J).
Compound was not analyzed.
GERAGHTY & MJLLER, INC.
NC0202.0301"22& I chAnftable~ 'T ABLE4-6.XLSl5'? 1195
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Table 4-6. Phase I Groundwater Sample Quality Total and Dissolved T AL Metal, Hexavalent Chromium, and Total/ Amenable Cyanide Data Summary,
JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: JFD-CMMW08-00 I JFD-CMMW09-00 I JFD-CMMWI0-001 JFD-CMMWI0-001 JFD-CMMWI l-001 JFD-CMMWl2-001
Sample Date: 9/27/94 9/28/94 10/18/94 10/18/94 9/29/94 9/29/94
Sample Type: Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well
Media: Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater
Zone: Shallow Bedrock Shallow Shallow Shallow Shallow Shallow
Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah
Lab ID: S445255•2 S44527I•I S445670•J/S445670B•i S445670•i S445311*2 S445311*1
Concentration Unit: µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L (Dissolved) µg/L µg/L
Aluminum 66.l U 488 4340 J 25 UJ 958 67U
Antimony 8.9 U 8.9 U 8.9 U 8.9 U 8.9U 8.9 U
Arsenic i.4 U 2.1 U 1.4 U 2.4 U l.4U 1.4 U
Barium 42.8 U 115 BJ 154 BJ 111 BJ 78.1 BJ 12.5 U
Beryllium 0.14 U 0.14 U 1.7 U 1.6 U 0.14 U 0.14 U
Calcium 10100 U 22700 U 11100 U 9770 U 23900 U 16500 U
Hcxavalent chromium 10 U IOU IOU NA 12 IOU
Chromium IUU 3.7 U 20.7 3.3 U 3.3 U 3.3 U
Cobalt 1.6 U 1.6 U 5.7 B 1.6 U 2.0U 1.6 U
Copper 19.1 U 7.0 U 14.1 U 4.9U 7.8 U 3.6U
Iron 134 U 827 l 1100 U 87.6 UJ 2010 45.9 U
Lead 2.6 U 0.95 U 5.9 2.6 B 1.6 U 0.91 U
Magnesium 5570 U 16000 U 8740 U 6620 U 17400 U 12100 U
Manganese 4.9 U 252 324 194 617 19.8
Nickel 6.6 U 3.9 U 25.3 B 7.9U 5.5 U 2.3 U
Potassium 1980 U 586 U 701 U 461 U 1060 U 1320U
Silver 2.3 U 2.3 U 2.3 U 2.3 U 2.3 U 2.3 U
Sodium 9370 U 23600 U 42200 U 41000 U 22100 U 13400 U
Vanadium 5.1 U 6.7 U 33.8 BJ 7.8 U 10.4 U 6.9 U
Zinc 15.2 U 15.9 U 32 UJ 4.5 UJ 17.1 U 11.8 U
Cyanide (amenable) IOU IOU l0 U NA 10 U 10 U
Cyanide (total) 10 U 10 U 10 U IOU 10 U 10 U
Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L) NA NA 320 NA NA
µg/L Micrograms per liter.
mg/I., Milligrams per liter.
u Compound was not detected abt:>vc the IDL or was qualified as undetected due to blank contamination.
B Compound concentration detected is between the IDL and CRDL
J Compound concentration detected is qualified as estimated (J).
};A Compound was not analyzed.
GERAGHTY & MlLLER, INC
NC0202 .030/"228 ! chan/tabl=-1' ABLE-4-6. 7'."1.S/513 l/9~
0
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Page 4 of 5
Table 4-{;, Phase I Groundwater Sample Quality Total and Dissolved T AL Metal, Hexavalent Chromium, and Total/ Amenable Cyanide Data Summary,
JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: JFD-CMMWI3--00I JFD-CMMWl3--00 I JFD-CMMWI3R--O0I JFD-CMMWI3R--O0I JFD-CMMW 14--00 I
Sample Date: 10/11/94 10/11/94 10/11/94 10/11/94 10/3/94
Sample Type: Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well
Media: Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater
Zone: Shallow Shallow Shallow Shallow Shallow
Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah
Lab ID: S445540A*I/S445540C*2 S445540A*l S445540A*2 S445540A*2 S445362*1
Concentration Unit: µg/L µg/L (Dissolved) µg/L µg/L (Dissolved) µg/L
Aluminum 899 J NA 1190 J NA 40.6 U
Antimony 8.9 U NA 11.7 B NA 8.9 U
Arsenic 2.3 U NA 1.8 U NA 1.4 UJ
Barium 194 BJ NA 153 BJ NA 121 BJ
Beryllium 0.14 U NA 0.47 U NA 0.14 U
Calcium 27200 U NA 27800 U NA 49500 U
Hexavalent chromium IOU NA IOU NA IOU
Chromium 4.3 B NA 5.5 B NA 3.3 U
Cobalt 8.5 U NA 8.8 U NA 1.6 U
Copper 17.9 U NA 18.3 U NA 6.5 U
Iron 1960 J 61.2 UJ 2240 J 63.3 UJ 26.2 U
Lead 0.91 U NA 0.91 U NA l.5U
Magnesium 19600 U NA 20000U NA 36600 U
Manganese 2740 2760 2830 2860 11.7 U
Nickel 31.8 BJ NA 29.8 BJ NA 2.3 U
Potassium 1320 U NA 1370 U NA 743 U
Silver 2.3 U NA 2.3 U NA 2.3 U
Sodium 153000 NA 156000 NA 54900 U
Vanadium 10.5 U NA 10.3 U NA 9.1 U
Zinc 27.6 UJ NA 130 J NA 10.8 U
Cyanide (amenable) IOU NA IOU NA IO
Cyanide (total) IOU NA 10 U NA 10.2
Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L) 550 NA
µg/L Micrograms per liter.
mg/L Milligrams per liter.
U Compound was not detected above the IDL or was qualified as undetected due to blank contamination.
B Compound concentration detected is between the IDL and CRDL.
Compound concentration detected is qualified as estimated (J).
NA Compound was not analyzed.
GERAGHTY & MILLER. INC.
:S:C0202.030/228 ! chanltable,./'T ABLEA-6 >.1..SIY.l l/95
-
0
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Page 5 of5
Table 4-6. Phase I Groundwater Sample Quality Total and Dissolved T AL Metal, Hexavalent Chromium, and Total/ Amenable Cyanide Data Summary,
JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: JFD-CMMWi5--00! JFD-CMMW!6--00 I JFD-CMMW!7--00! JFD-CMMW!8--00I JFD-CMMW!9--001 JFD-CMMW21--001
Sample Date: 10/3/94 IOn/94 10/11/94 !On/94 10/5/94 10/5/94
Sample Type: Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well
Media: Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater
Zone: Top of Rock Shallow Deep Bedrock Shallow Bedrock Intermediate Shallow
Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah
Lab ID: S445362*2 S445489*2 S445540A*6 S445489*3 S445438A*2 S445438A*l
Concentration Unit: µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L
Aluminum 72.5 U 323 289 J 155 U. 110 UJ 306 J
Antimony IUU 8.9U 8.9 U 8.9U 8.9U 8.9U
Arsenic 1.4 B 1.4 U 1.6 U 1.4U 1.4 U 1.4 U
Barium 28.6 U 43.2 U 80.6 B, 51.7 U 28.5 U 69.7 J
Beryllium 0.14 U 0.14 U 0.52 U 0.14 U I.I u 1.1 u
Calcium 29400 U 53400 U 47600 U 37600 U 34400 U 45800
Hexavalcnt chromium 10 U IOU 10 U 10 U 10 U IOU
Chromium 3.3 U 3.3 U 9.8 B 4.0 U 3.3 U 3.3 U
Cobalt 1.6 U 1.6 U 1.6 U 1.6 U 9.9 U 5.7 U
Copper 2.8 U 4.7 U 2.8 U 4.7 U 9.6 U 10.9 U
Iron 39.6 U 385 194 J 60.6 U 183 J 510 J
Lead 1.3 u 0.91 U 0.91 U 0.91 U 2.9 U 4.9 U
Magnesium 20800 U 42200 22900 U 22300 U 20500 U 33200 U
Manganese 16.6 131 38.3 64.8 843 802
Nickel 2.6 U 2.3 U 7.6 U 2.3 U 2.3 U 6.6 U
Potassium 1650 U 827 U 1910 U 1900 U 1210 U 1340 U
Silver 2.3 U 2.3 U 2.3 U 2.3 U 2.3 U 2.3 U
Sodium 14100 U 27700 U 16100 U 18000 29500 20800 U
Vanadium 2.4 U 5.6 U SU 2.4 U 5.6 U 5.6 U
Zinc 35.7 U 12.2 U 23 UJ 33.9 U 12.7 UJ 32.5 UJ
Cyanide (amenable) 11 18 U 10 IOU IOU 10 U
Cyanide (total) 30. l 56 U IO IOU 10 U 10 U
Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L) NA NA NA NA NA NA
µg/L Micrograms per liter.
mg/L Milligrams per littt.
U Compound was not detected above the JDL or was qualified as undetected due to blank contamination.
B Compound concentration detected is between the IDL and CRDL
Compound concentration detected is qualified as estimated (J).
NA Compound was not analyzed.
•"• GERAGHTY & MILLER. INC ,_.,
NCJ202 030/218 lchanltabb, T ABLE4-6.:-.1.S.'$/Jl/95
- -- - --- - - - - - - - - -,,_ ' -
Table 4-7, Phase I Quality Control Sample Total and Dissolved T AL Metal Data Summary Associated with Groundwater Data, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc,, Oxford, North Carolina,
Sample Name: JFD-CMMW99E-00 I JFD-CMMW99E-002 JFD-CMMW99F-00 I JFD-CMMW99F-002 Sample Date: I 0/11/94 10/13/94 I 0/11/94 10/13/94 Sample Type: Equipment Blank Equipment Blank Field Blank Field Blank Media: Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah
Lab ID: S445540A*4 S445588A*3 S445540A*3 S445588A*4 Concentration Unit: µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L
Aluminum 34,5 B 15,5 U 19,4 B 17,6 B Barium I 1,6 B I I B 11,8 B 11 B Calcium 24800 24200 25400 24900 Iron 323 B 19,6 B I 1,3 B I L9 B Iron, Dissolved 12,2 B NA 9,9 B NA Lead 15,2 0,91 U 0,91 U 0,91 U Magnesium 7950 7530 8080, 7750 Manganese l,4 B 0,94 U 0,94 U 0,94 U Manganese, Dissolved 3,5 B NA 0,94 U NA Potassium 2230 B 2150 B 2230 B 2260B Sodium 13000 12400 13300 12700 Zinc 10,7 B 20,8 7,7 B 34
Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L) NA NA SU NA
µg/L Micrograms per liter,
mg/L Milligrams per liter,
U Compound was not detected above the IDL
B Compound concentration detected is between the IDL and CRDL
NA Compound was not analyzed,
}.'C0W2 .030\2 281 ehan\tBbk.t.. 7 .xb\'i/3 !/95 GERAGHTY & l\1JLLER, INC
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Page I of3
Table 4-8. Geoprobe® Groundwater Sample Quality Site-Specific VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: GP-1-18 11 GP-1-24
Sample Date: 12/15/94 12/15/94
Sample Type: Geoprobe Geoprobe
Media: Groundwater Groundwater
Laboratory: ES! Mobile Lab ES! Mobile Lab
Concentration Units: µg/L µg/L
Chlorobenzene 10 U 10 U
1,2-Dichlorobenzene (total) 10 U JOU
Tetrachloroethene 10 U IOU
Trichloroethene 10 U JOU
Micrograms per liter. µg/L
u Compound was not detected above the reporting limit.
GP-2-16 GP-2-25.5
12/15/94 12/16/94
Geoprobe Geoprobe
Groundwater Groundwater
ES! Mobile Lab ES! Mobile Lab
µg/L µg/L
JOU IOU
32 30
5 J 13
3 J 6]
J
]/
Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and reporting limit).
Sample GP-1-18 represents location GP-I and sample depth of 18 feet below land surface.
GP-3-21 GP-4-15
12/16/94 12/15/94
Geoprobe Geoprobe
Groundwater Groundwater
ES! Mobile Lab ES! Mobile Lab
µg/L µg/L
10 U IOU
10 U 10 U
IOU 10 U
10 U 10 U
NC0202.030/"2281 chuVubl~J-S_>r.ls/.\1:J 1 /91
•"• GERAGHTY & MlLLER, INC. ""
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Page 2 of3
Table 4-8. Geoprobe® Groundwater Sample Quality Site-Specific VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, Nonh Carolina.
Sample Name: GP-4-27 GP-5-16
Sample Date: 12/16/94 12/15/94
Sample Type: Geoprobe Geoprobe
Media: Groundwater Groundwater
Laboratory: ES! Mobile Lab ES! Mobile Lab
Concentration Units: µg/L µg/L
Chlorobenzene IOU IOU
1,2-Dichlorobenzene (total) IOU IOU
Tetrachloroethene 10 U 10 U
Trichloroethene IOU 3 J
Micrograms per liter. µg/L
u Compound was not detected above the reporting limit.
GP-5-16 (Dup) GP-5-27
12/15/94 12/15/94
Equip. Blank Equip. Blank
Aqueous Aqueous
ES! Mobile Lab ES! Mobile Lab
µg/L µg/L
IOU IOU
IOU 10 U
IOU IOU
IOU 6 J
J
11
Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and reporting limit).
Sample GP-1-18 represents location GP-I and sample depth of 18 feet below land surface.
GP~-14 GP~-14(Dup)
12/20/94 12/20/94
Geoprobe Geoprobe
Groundwater Groundwater
ES! Mobile Lab ES! Mobile Lab
µg/L µg/L
IOU IOU
10 U 10 U
IOU IOU
IOU 10 U
.~. GERAGHTY & MJLLER, INC. .,.,
:-SC 0202.030/1281 ch41Vtab!e4-8 xls.15131 /'95
--··-- -- -- -- -- --- --·-
Page 3 of3
Table 4-8. Geoprobe® Groundwater Sample Quality Site-Specific VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., _Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: GP-Q-22.5 GP-7-20
Sample Date: 12/20/94 12/16/94
Sample Type: Geoprobe Geoprobe
Media: Groundwater Groundwater
Laboratory: ES! Mobile Lab ES! Mobile Lab
Concentration Units: µg/L µg/L
Chlorobenzene 10 U 10 U
1,2-Dichlorobenzene (total) 10 U IOU
Tetrachloroethene 10 U 115
Trichloroethene IOU 81
Micrograms per liter. µg/L
u Compound was not detected above the reporting limit.
GP-9-IO GP-9-24.5
12/20/94 12/20/94
Geoprobe Geoprobe
Groundwater Groundwater
ES! Mobile Lab ES! Mobile Lab
µg,L µg/L
10 U 25
IOU 21
IOU 10 U
IOU IOU
J
]/
Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and reporting limit).·
Sample GP-1-18 represents location GP-I and sample depth of 18 feet below land surface.
GP-10-18.5 GP-11-22
12/19/94 12/19/94
Geoprobe Geoprobe
Groundwater Groundwater
ES! Mobile Lab ES! Mobile Lab
µg/L µg/L
10 U 10 U
IOU 10 U
IOU IOU
IOU 10 U
-
.~. GERAGHTY & MILLER. INC. '"" NC0202 030/2281 chan/l.able4-8 xls.'5/31/!l~
----------·---
Gcoprobe® Gt-oundwater Split Sample Quality VOC Data Comparison, JFD Elcotr0!1ic&"Channcl M11.1ter, Inc., Oxford. North Carolina.
Sample Name: GP-2-25.S 11 GP-2-2~U GP-6-22.S GP-6-22.S GP-7-20 GP-7-20 (DL) GP-7-20 GP-10-18.S GP-10-18.S Sample Date: 12/IS/94 12/1994 12/20/94 12120/94 12116/94 12/16/94 12/16/94 12/19/94 12/19/94 Sample Type: Geoprobc Geoprobc Gcoprobc Geoprobc Geoprobc CJcoprobe CJcoprobe CJcoprobe CJcoprobe Media: Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwstc,-Groundwatc, Groundwatc, Laboratory: SavannNl ESI Mobile Lah Savaru,ah ESJ Mobile Ltib Savannah Savannah ESI Mobile Lab Savannah ESI Mobile Lab Lab ID, S446856*1 S446912'1 S446856*2 S4468.56•4 5446912*2 Concentration Unil!I: µgit µgit µgit µgit µgit µgit µgit µgit µgit
Acetone JOU NA IOU NA z 17000 NA !OU NA
Carbon disulfide 10 NA IOU NA JOU z NA IOU NA
Chlorobcnzenc 3 1 IOU 10 U IOU 10 U z !OU IOU JOU
Chlorofonn IOU NA 10 U NA 91 z NA !OU NA
1,1-Dichloroethane IOU NA -10 U NA 31 z NA JOU NA
1,2-Dichlorocthanc 10 U NA 10 U NA 21 z NA JOU NA I, 1-Dichloroethenc IOU NA 10 U NA 22 z NA JOU NA
ci.t1traru-l ,2-Dichloroethenc 30 30 10 U IOU 24 z JOU IOU IOU
I, 2-Dichloropropane I 1 NA 10 U NA 10 U z NA IOU NA
Eihy!benzene IOU NA 10 U NA 21 z NA IOU NA
Tctrachlorocthenc 20 13 IOU JOU z 410 D "' IOU JOU
Toluene 0.7 J IOU 2J 10 U 3 1 z JOU IOU JOU
l ,l, I-Trichloroethane IOU NA IOU NA 14 z NA IOU NA
irichloroethene 14 61 JOU IOU 37 z 81 IOU IOU
Xylene! 3 1 NA 91 NA 83 z NA 61 NA
pg:L Microgrttm1 per liter. NA Compound wru not analyzed.
{j Compound wru not detected above the reporting limiVCRQL or wa., qualified a., undetected due to blank contamination. 1 Estimated concentration (compound wa., deteeted between the MDL and reporting limiVCRQL). D Sample concentration wru qUMtinated using a iccondary dilution. z Compound concentration is not 11.!ablc. Sample result is a combination of two anal}tica! ruru:. " Sample GP-2-25.5 represent! location GP-2 and sample depth of25.5 feet below land surface.
GERAGHTY & MILLER. INC Y
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Page I of2
Table 4-10. Geoprobe® Quality Control Sample VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: FB-1 FB-2 FB-3 FB-4 RB-I
Sample Date: 12/15/94 12/16/94 12/19/94 12/19/94 12/15/94
Sample Type: Field Blank Field Blank Field Blank Field Blank Equip. Blank
Media: Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous
Laboratory: ES! Mobile Lab ES! Mobile Lab ES! Mobile Lab ES! Mobile Lab ES! Mobile Lab
Lab ID:
Concentration Units: µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L
Acetone NA NA NA NA NA
Carbon disulfide NA NA NA NA NA Chlorobenzene IOU 10 U IOU IOU IOU
1,2-Dichloroethene (total) IOU 10 U IOU IOU 10 U
Tetrachloroethene IOU IOU IOU IOU 10 U
I, I, I-Trichloroethane NA NA NA NA NA
I, 1,2-Trichloroethane NA NA NA NA NA
Trichloroethene IOU IOU IOU IOU IOU
ftg/L Micrograms per liter.
NA Compound was not analyzed.
U Compound was not detected above the reporting limit/CRQL.
J Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and CRQL).
•.
S-C0201.0J0;228 ! dutn't~ M-1 0.xL.,,'YJ 1/9 5
GERAGHTY & MlLLER. lNC 0
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Page 2 of2
Table 4-10. Geoprobe® Quality Control Sample VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: RB-2 RB-3 RB-4 TB-I TB-2
Sample Date: 12/16/94 12/19/94 12/19/94 12/15/94 12/19/94
Sample Type: Equip. Blank Equip. Blank Equip. Blank Equip. Blank Equip. Blank
Mec'ia: Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous
Laboratory: ES! Mobile Lab ES! Mobile Lab ES! Mobile Lab Savannah Savannah
Lab ID: 5446856*3 5446912*3
Concentration Units: µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L
Acetone NA NA NA IOU 150
Carbon disulfide NA NA NA 8J 7J
Chlorobenzene IOU IOU IOU IOU IOU
1,2-Dichloroethene (total) IOU IOU lO U IOU IOU
Tetrachloroethene IOU IOU IOU IOU IOU
I, I, I -Trichloroethane IOU IOU IOU IOU IOU
I, 1,2-Trichloroethane NA NA NA 0.9 J IOU
Trichlorocthene NA NA NA 10 U IOU
µg/L Micrograms per liter.
NA Compound was not analyzed.
U Compound was not detected above the reporting limit/CRQL.
J Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and CRQL).
NC0202.030/l28 l chMl/lab4-J O .. xb/513 !/9 5
GERAGHTY & l\1JLLER. INC. 0
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Table 4-11. Phase II Groundwater Sample Quality TCL VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: JFD-CMMW07--002
Sample Date: 3/10i95
Sample Type: Monitor Well
Media: Groundwater
Zone: Shallow Bedrock
Laboratory: Savannah
Lab ID: S551346*2
Concentration Unit: µg/L
Acetone 81
Benzene 10 U
Carbon disulfide 10 U
ci s/trans-l ,2-Dichloroethane 7.J
l, l-Dichloroethene 10 U
Tetrachloroethene 94
I. I, I -Trichloroethane 10 U
Trichloroethene 180
Toluene 10 U
Micrograms per liter. µg/L
u Compcund was not detected above the CRQL.
JFD-CMMW17--002 .'FD-CMMW18--002
3/14/95 3/14/95
Monitor Well Monitor Well
Groundwater Groundwater
Deep Bedrock Shallow Bedrock
Savannah Savannah
S551414*5 S55l414*7
µg/L µg/L
lO U lOU.Jn
10 U IOU
IOU 10 U
10 U 10 U
lO U IOU
l l lO U
lO U 10 U
10 10 U
10 U IOU
J
B
Estimated concentration (compcund was detected between the MDL and CRQL).
Compcund was detected in the associated blank sample.
/I Sample was analyzed using USEPA SW-846 Method 8240.
Duplicate sample criteria were not met.
\'C0202.020\2281 chan\llab4-l i .xh\5131/9~
JFD-CMMW18R--002 JFD-CMMW! 9--002
3/14/95 3/10/95
Monitor Well Monitor Well
Groundwater Groundwater
Shallow Bedrock Intermediate
Savannah Savannah
S5514!4•8 S551346•!
µg/L µg/L
ssi' 10 U
lO U lO U
10 U 10 U
IOU 10 U
10 U 10 U
10 U 12
10 U 10 U
10 U 10 U
IOU 10 U
GERAGHTY & MJLLER, INC. 0
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Page 2 of2 Table 4-11. ·Phase II Groundwater Sample Quality TCL VOC Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: JFD-CMMW20'00 I "
Sample Date: 3/17/95
Sample Type: Monitor Well
Media: Groundwater
Zone: Shallow
Laboratory: Savannah
Lab ID: S551512D*l
Concentration Unit: µg/L
Acetone 25 U
Benzene 5U
Carbon disulfide 5U
cis/trans-1,2-Dichloroethane 14
I, 1-Dichloroethene 11 ·
Tetrachloroethene J 260'
I, I, 1-Trichloroeth._£§) < 6.9
Trichloroethene d 31 '
Toluene 5U
Micrograms per liter. µg/L
u Compound was not detected above the CRQL.
JFD-CMMW22--00 I JFD-CMMW23--00 I
3/17/95 3/16/95
Monitor Well Monitor Well
Groundwater Groundwater
Shallow Intermediate
Savannah Savannah
S551512*2 S551493*3
µg/L µg/L
10 U IOU
10 U IOU
10 U IOU
IOU 31
10 U IOU
41 94
!OU IOU
10 U 24
IOU 21
J
B
Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the !v!DL and CRQL). Compound was detected in the associated blank sample.
Sample was analyzed using USEPA SW-846 Method 8240.
Duplicate sample criteria were not met.
:-.:co201.020\123 I Chllf\ltab4-]] x1<\.~'31N5
JFD-CMMW24--00 I JFD-CMMW25--00 I JFD-CMMW26--00 I
3/16/95 3/15/95 3/15/95
Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well
Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater
Intermediate Intermediate Intermediate
Savannah Savannah Savannah
S55!493*2 S551458*2 S551458*3
µg/L µg/L µg/L
IOU IOU IOU
IOU IOU IOU
21 IOU 10 U
IOU IOU 13
IOU IOU IOU
IOU IOU 51
10 U IOU IOU
IOU IOU 91
IOU IOU IOU
GERAGHTY & MlLLER. INC. 0
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Page I of2
Table 4-12. Phase II Quality Control Sample TCL VOC Data Summary Associated with Groundwater Sample Data, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford,
North Carolina.
Sample Name: JFD-CMMW99E--001 JFD-CMMW99E--002 JFD-CMMW99E-004 JFD-CMMW99F-O0I JFD-CMMW99T-OO JFD-CMMW99T-002
Sample Date: 3nt95 3/13/95 3/13/95 · 3/13/95 3nl95 3/10/95
Sample Type: Equipment Blank Equipment Blank Equipment Blank Field Blank Trip Blank Trip Blank
Media: Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous
Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah
Lab ID: S55!245*1 S551414*2 S551414*4 S.551414*3 S551414*3 S551346*3
Concentration Units: µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L
Acetone IOU IOU 10 U 10 U 10 U 10 U
Carbon disulfide 10 U IOU 8 J 10 U 10 U IOU
Methylene chloride IOU 5 J 10 U !OU 10 U 10 U
Xylenes 21 !OU 10 U 10 U 10 U 10 U
µg/L Micrograms per liter.
U Compound was not detected above the reporting limit.
J Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and CRQL).
GERAGHTY & MILLER. INC Y
-11!!!!!1 l!!!!!!!!I !!!!! ~ ~ Ei!iiil liiiilil &ii --
Page 2 of2
Table 4-12. Phase II Quality Control Sample TCL VOC Data Summary Associated \\1th G,.,~ndwster Sample Data, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford,
North Carolina.
Sample Name: JFD-CMMW99T -003 JFD-CMMW99T -004
I
JFD-CMMW99T-005 JFD-CMMW99T --006 iJFD-CMMW99T-007
Sample Date: 3/13/95 3/14/95 3/15/95 3/16/95 3/17/95
Sample Type: Trip Blank Trip Blank Trip Blank Trip Blank Trip Blank
Media: Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous Aqueous
Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah
Lab ID: S551414*1 S551414*6
Concentration Units: µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L
Acetone 10 U IOU IOU 6] 10 U
Carbon disulfide 10 U IOU 10 U IOU 10 U
Methylene chloride 10 U 10 U JO u 28 10 U
Xrlenes 10 U 10 U 10 U 10 U 10 U
µg/L Micrograms per liter.
U Compound was not detected above the reporting limit.
J Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and CRQL).
.-.. GERAGHTY fd MJLLER. INC. ""'
~; C0202 .030/228 l dwVt.ob4-l 2."h/Y3 1 /95
----- - ------I!!!!!! ;;;a E!iil
Table 4.JJ. Phase Il Groundwater Sample Quality Total and Dissolved TAL Metal Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Location: Unimax Corp. Unimax Corp. Unimax Corp. Unimax Corp. Unimax Corp. Unimax Corp. Unimax Corp. Unimax Corp.
' " JFD--CMMW22--00I JFD-CMMW22--00 In JFD-CMMW23--00 I JFD--CMMW24--00 I JFD--CMMW25-00I JFD--CMMW25R--OOI JFD--CMMW26-00 I Sample Name: JFD-CMMW020-00 l
Sample Date: 3/17/95 3/17/95 3/17/95 3/16195 3/16/95 3115195 3/15195 3/15195 Sample Type: Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Monitor Well Media: Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Groundwater Zone: Shallow Shallow Shallow Intermediate Intermediate Intermediate lntennediate Intermediate Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah ub!D: S551512D*l S551512B*2 S55l5l2C'I S551493*2 S55l493A'I S55l458A'3 S55l458A'4 S55l458A'5 Concentration Unit: µg/L µg/L µg/L (Dissolved) pg/L µg/L 11g/L µg/L µg/L
Aluminum 340 ' 7580 42.4U 99.5UJ 1580) 2040} 1790) 52.3UJ .Arsenic JOU I.JU I.I B l.3U l.5U I.JU l.lU l.6U Barium' 37 ' 42.8B l l.4U 10.8B 27.58 101B 103B 73.0B Berylliu~ 5.0U 2.4U l.7U uu 1.9U 2.2U i.9U 1.2U Calcium 19000 21600 17700 37800 23900 20900 21400 32600 Chromium IOU 34.l 3.1 U 3.IU 3.IU 14.IJ 10.8) 3.IU Cobalt IOU 34.4B 2.8B 1.4B 5.8B 3.5B 2.8B 1.2U Copper 25U 17.8U 3.2 U 3.2U 4.4U 8.IU 8.5U 5.4U Iron 280) 14500 38.IU 3300) 138UJ 4280) 3920} 72.6UJ Lead 5.0U 2.8B 0.52 U 0.52U 0.97!) 0.52U 1.2U 0.86U Magnesium' 8800' 13900 7770 19900 15400 10300 10600 17300 Manganese 150 1 951 544 58.2 644 163 166 43.4 Mercury 0.20U 0.108 0.11B 0.20B 0.208 0.20U 0.20U 0.20U Nickel 40U 27.4 3.6U 3.6U 3.6U 4.7B 5.4B 3.6U Potassium IOOOU 1320B 675B !510B 8%8 l210B l210B !450B Silver IOU 1.7B 1.7U l.7U l.7U l.7U l.7U l.7U Sodium 14000 8430 8040 14300 15200 12900 13400 19200 Vanadium IOU 25.5B 2.8U 2.8U 10.58 10.3B 10.3B 4.7B Zinc 20U 55.2U 9.9U 37.3U 15.lU 39.9U 47.2U 7.9U
µg/L ~ficrograms per liter.
u Compound was not detected above the IDL (PQL for JFD-CMMW20-00 I) or \\'I\S qualified as undetected due to blank contamination.
B ComfX)Und concentration detected is betv.·een the IDL and CRDL
J ComfX)und concentration is qualified as estimated.
" Sample was ant1.lyzed using USEPA SW-846 Methods.
n Dissolved metal concentrations. Sample JFD-CMtvf\1/'22-001 was field filtered.
NCOlOl Ol0\21lleboo,...,,..IJ,<h\ln1/llJ
GERA.GHTY & M1LLER, INC 0
- -- - --- ---· - - ---- -
Table 4-14. Phase II Quality Control Sample Total T AL Metal and Hexavalent Chromium Data Summary Associated with
Groundwater Sample Data, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: CMMW99E--005
Sample Date: 3/15/95
Sample Type: Equipment Blank
Media: Aqueous
Laboratory: Savannah
Lab ID: S551458A•I
Concentration Unit: µg/L
Aluminum 25.9B
Arsenic 1.4B
Barium 0.47U
Beryllium 0.60U
Calcium 273B
Copper 4.9B
Iron 40.9B
Magnesium 13.7B
Manganese 0.92B
Sodium 374B
Zinc 13.0B
Hexavalent chromium NA
µg/L
u
Micrograms per liter.
Compound was not detected above the IDL.
JFD-CMMW99F--002
3/15/95
Field Blank
Aqueous
Savannah
S551458A•2
µg/L
37.8B
l.lU
1.7B
312B
505B
4.5B
39.6B
172B
3.3B
530B
7.0B
NA
B
NA
Compound concentration detected is between the IDL and CRDL.
Compound was not analyzed.
JFD-CMMW99E-OO I
3n19s
Equipment Blank
Aqueous
Savannah
S551245A•I
µg/L
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
2.IB
HC0202.0301128 I chan\1ab4-l 4 xlsl.YJJ/95
- -
GERAGHTY & MILLER, INC. 0
I Page I of2
I Table 4-15. Bio-Geochemical Parameter Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
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Sample Name: JFD-CMMW09--002 JFD-CMMWB--002
Sample Date: 3/23/95 3/24/95
Sample Type: Monitor Well Monitor Well
Media: Groundwater Groundwater
Zone: Shallow Shallow
Laboratory: Savannah Savannah
Lab ID: S55l647*2 S551679*1
Concentration Unit: mg/L mg/L
Total Dissolved Solids (160.1) 300 740 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (405.1) 2.0U 2.0U Ammonium-N (FL-DER) 0.020 U 0.020 U Nitrate-N (353 0.36 0.050 U Nitrite-N (353 0.050 U 0.050 U Orthophosphate-P (365.1) 0.076 0.33 Chloride (325.2) 19 22
Alkalinity (to pH 4.5) as CaCO3 (310.1) 160 160 Total Organic Carbon (415.1) 1.9 12 Chemical Oxygen Demand (410.1) 20U 21 Sulfate (375:4) 29 99 Sulfide (376.2) 0.40U 0.40 U
Metals (6010)
Iron 2.3 4.5 Iron ( dissolved ) 0.050 U 0.050 U Manganese 0.17 2.8 Manganese ( dissolved) 0.096 2.9
Volatile Organic ComQQunds (8240) ([!g,(1,)
cis-1,2-Dichlorocthane NA 260 Tctrachlorocthene NA 1200 Trichloroethane NA 4900
µg/L Micrograms per liter.
mg/L Milligrams per liter. u Compound was not detected above the reporting limit.
NA Compound was not analyzed.
NC0202 0J0\2281chuilab-4-\J.xb\5131/95
GERAGHTY & MILLER. INC
JFD-CMMW22--00 I
3/23/95
Monitor Well
Groundwater
Shallow
Savannah
S55!647*1
mg/L
170
2.0U
0.020 U
0.57
0.050 U
0.1
4.2
IOO
I.OU
20U
6.2
0.40U
6.3
0.050 U
0.52
0.37
NA
NA
NA
0
I Page 2 of2
,1· Table 4-15. Bio-Geochemicai Parameter Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
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Sample Name: JFD-CMMW09--002
Sample Date: 3/23/95
Sample Type: Monitor Well
Media: Groundwater
Zone: Shallow
Laboratory: Microsecps
Lab ID: P5 68
Concentration Unit: mg/L
Carbon dio,jde 58.9
Oxygen 4
Nitrogen 14.9
Methane 0.2 U
Carbon mono~idc 0.3 U
µg/L
mg/L
u
NA
Micrograms per liter.
Milligrams per liter.
Compound was not detected above the reporting limit.
Compound was not analyzed.
NC0202.030\128 l chan\!.o.b4-I 5_xls\Y.l I 195
JFD-CMMW13--002
3/24/95
Monitor Well
Groundwater
Shallow
Microseeps
P5 69
mg/L
132.3
2.1
10.6
0.2 U
0.3 U
GERAGHTY & MILLER, INC
JFD-CMMW22--00 I
3/23/95
Monitor Well
Groundwater
Shallow
Microseeps
P5 67
mg/L
21.8
3.8
13.3
0.2 U
0.3 U
----------- ------l!!!!!!!!!I = liiii=I ---
Table 5-1. Sediment Sample Quality Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: JFD-SED03--00I JFD-SED03R--00l JFD-SED06--00 l JFD-SED08--00 l JFD-SED09--00 I JFD-SED 10--00 l JFD-SED15--00I JFD-SED 16--001
Sample Date: 10/18/94 10/18/94 10/18/94 10/18/94 10/18/94 10/18/94 10/18/94 10/18/94
Sample Type: Grab Grab Grab Grab Grab Grab Grab Grab
Media: Sediment Sediment Sediment Sediment Sediment Sediment Sediment Sediment
Laboratory: Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah Savannah
Lab ID: S445700*4 S445700*5 S445700*6 S445700*3 S445700*2 S445700*l S445700*7 S445700*8
Concentration Unit: mg/kgdw mg/kgdw mg/kg dw mg/kg dw mg/kgdw mg/kgdw mg/kgdw mg/kgdw
TAL Metals
Chromium 556 640 8.9 U 19.3 U 33 U 159 U 31 U 38.1 U
Copper 57.2 52.7 4.5 B 5.9 B ll.8 80. l 10.3 8,2
Nickel 168 U 180 3.5 U 11.8 U 14.2 U 72,7 U 13,9 U 14.6 U
A VS Ex1ractable Metals
Cadmium 0.52 J 0.29 J 0.091 U 0,097 U 0.093 U 0.60 0.095 U 0.097 U
Copper 35 J 21 J 2.3 L2 3,5 33 4,6 4.8
Lead 8.7 6.4 5,8 4.8 9,8 11 3,7 3.0
Nickel 140 J 83 J l.9 U uu 3.8 U 23 10 U 6.6 U
Zinc 65 J 36 J 6.3 3.0 4.1 100 12 11
Acid Volatile Sulfide 41 J 14 UJ 13 U 13 U 13 U 26 !3U 14
Total Organic Carbon 8500 11000 4300 4800 2400 12000 4000 1500
Solids, Total (%) 71 71 80 75 78 62 75 75
mg/kg dw Milligrams per kilogram on a dry weight basis.
B Compound concentration is between the IDL and CRDL.
u Compound was not detected.
J Duplicate sample criteria were not met.
NC0202.030\:.?18 l chanltabkS-l .xh\513 l /9 5
GERAGHTY & MILLER, INC 0
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Table 5-2. Quality Control Sample Sediment Data Summary Associated with Sediment Sample Data, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc., Oxford, North Carolina.
TALMetals
Chromium
Copper
Nickel
Sample Name:
Sample Date:
Sample Type:
Media:
Laboratory:
Lab ID:
Concentration Units:
A VS Extractable Metals
Nickel
Acid Volatile Sulfide (mg/1.)
Total Organic Carbon (mg/1.)
µg/1.
mg/1.
u
Micrograms per liter.
Milligrams per liter.
Compound was not detected.
JFD-SED99E--O0 I -
10/18/94
Equipment Blank
Aqueous
Savannah
S445700*10/S445700A * 14
µg/1.
197
3.2 E
179
190
0.4 U
1.0 U
B Compound was detected between the IDL and CRDL.
NC0102.030\228 l dwl\tabk5-2\Y.l Im
GERAGHTY & MILLER, INC.
JFD-SED99F--OOI
10/18/94
Field Blank
Aqueous
Savannah
S445700*9/S445700A • 13
µg/1.
3.3U
2.8U
2.3 U
46 U
0.4 U
3.2
l!l!I -,✓---liiii liiiil liiil -- ----- -1111!!!1 l!!!!!!!!I l!!!!I
Table 5-3. Comparison Sediment Data Collected from Eastern Drainage Ditch to Available Sediment Screening Values, JFD Electronics/Channel Master, Inc.,
Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: JFD-SED03-001 JFD-SED03R-001
Sample Date:
Sample Type:
Media:
Laboratory:
Lab ID:
Concentration Unit:
TALMetals
Chromium
Copper
Nickel
Simultaneously Extracted Metals
Copper
Nickel
Acid Volatile Sulfide
Total Organic Carbon
Solids, Total (%)
10/18/94
Grab
Sediment
Savannah
S445700*4
mg/kgdw
57.2
t16S:U
35 J
140 J
41 J
8500
71
mg/kgdw
mg/kg
Milligrams per kilogram on a dry weight basis.
Milligrams per kilogram.
10/18/94
Grab
Sediment
Savannah
S445700*5
mg/kgdw
21 J
83 J
14 U,J
I 1000
71
B
ER-L
ER-M
Compound concentration is between the IDL and CRQL.
Effects Range-Low.
J
NAP
NOAA
u
Effects Range-Median.
Duplicate sample criteria were not met.
Not applicable.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Compound qualified as not detected.
'.'.)
JFD-SED06-001
10/18/94
Grab
Sediment
Savannah
S445700*6
mg/kg dw
8.9 U
4.5 B
3.5 B,U
2.3
1.9 U
13 U
4300
80
JFD-SEDI5-001 JFD-SED16-00I
10/18/94 10/18/94
Grab Grab
Sediment Sediment
Savannah Savannah NOAA NOAA
S445700*7 S445700*8 ER-L ER-M
mg/kgdw mg/kgdw mg/kg mg/kg
31 u 38.l u 81 370
i0.3 8.2 34 270
13.9 U 14.6 U 20.9 51.6
4.6 4.8 NAP NAP
10 U 6.6 U NAP NAP
13 U 14 NAP NAP
4000 1500 NAP NAP
75 75 NAP NAP
ti Value exceeds ER-M.
Value exceeds ER-L.
.-.. GERAGHTY & MILLER, INC. ,.,.
JSC0201. 030\1281 ch=\T ABLE~ 3 \.l,S\5/31195
liii'lil liiiiiii --- --- -
l!!!!!!!!!I I!!!!!
Table 5-4. Comparison of Sediment Data Collected from Southern Drainage Ditch to Available Screening Values, JFD Electronics/
Channel Master, Site, Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name: JFD-SED I 0-00 I JFD-SED08-00 I
Sample Date:
Sample Type:
Media:
Laboratory:
Lab ID:
Concentration Unit:
TAL Metals
Chromium
Copper
Nickel
Simultaneously Extracted Metals
Copper
Nickel
Acid Volatile Sulfide
Total Organic Carbon
Solids, Total (%)
10/18/94
Grab
Sediment
Savannah
S445700*1
mg/kg dw
33
23
26
12000
62
mg/kgdw
mg/kg
Milligrams per kilogram on a dry weight basis.
Milligrams per kilogram.
10/18/94
Grab
Sediment
Savannah
S445700*3
mg/kgdw
19.3 U
5.9 B
11.8 U
1.2
1.5
13 U
4800
75
B
ER-L
ER-M
NAP
NOAA
Compound concentration is between the IDL and CRQL.
Effects Range-Low.
u
Effects Range-Median.
Not applicable.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Compound qualified as not detected.
JFD-SED09-00 I
10/18/94
Grab
Sediment
Savannah
S445700*2
mg/kg dw
33 U
11.8
14.2 U
3.5
3.8
13 U
2400
78
NOAA
ER-L
mg/kg
81
34
20.9
NAP
NAP
NAP
NAP
NAP
Value exceeds ER-L.
NOAA
ER-M
mg/kg
370
270
51.6
NAP
NAP
NAP
NAP
NAP
l!!!!!!I /== ==
-GERAGHTY & MILLER. INC 't.J
-------------11!!!!!!!1 l!!!!I !!!!I == ;;;;
' J
-
CONCRETE _ PAD
- ---- --- -----l!!l!!!I l!!!!!I
---------
CMMW20 ... ~
G!'_-:7 ■
DRUM
_.DUMP.
REFERENCE: SECl--flTL FIGURE 1-J
FS REPORT, APRIL 1992.
----
. j.,,-GERAGHTY. ,-Ail~ & MILLER,· INC.
~1'En\li,vnme.nia! -Servi.cu
0 200 FEIT
-----11!!!!!1 !!!!!I
V ,.
·. ¼..
6;
-0·0,
w.
CMMW01
CP-1 ■
SHALLOW. WELL
INTERlilEOIATE WEU ..: -: -w, •, .. , ,..,..
SHALLOW BEDROCK WELL =l-']
HYORO~UN_CH -1":
OEEP BEDROCK WELL
TOP OF ROCK WELL
PHASE l
RI WELL/RD WELL
GEOPROBE SAi.iPL£
FIGURE
PHASE II. RD MONITOR WELL LOCATIONS ~ 2-5
JFD ElECTRONlts/Cf¾NNEL MASTER
OXFORD, NORTH CAROLINA
- - --- --- ----- -- -
l!!!!!!!!!I I!!!!!!
I
~
~ . •' TREE LINE
. ' ~ .,... · ·--•,RAILROAD· ¼#;. --~: -~ ~-i-~:.-~-:-.:-,~ ~ ~'-~ ' ..:'"~~ ~ ., -~,>~-.j ·.;r,-.: :·SEDIMENT SAMPLING•.--• .:~-l
f il~f l~J :tl1
."
-
)
-
e ii i5
- --- -- -
DR~
DUMP
REFCRENC~: BECHTEL f!i,URE 1-J
FS REPORT, APRIL 1992.
-- -
'\
'\
,..,·GERAGHTY AIIJ',& MILLER, INC. 4f' En;,iron:nunlal Sen,i,:u
0 200 FEET
-- - -
GROUNDWATER ELEVATION CONTOURS
AND GENERALIZED FLOW DIRECTIONS
APRIL 28, 1995
JFO ELECffiONICS/CHANNEL MASTER
OXFORD, NORTH CAROLINA
I!!!!!
I
FIGURE
3-4
--
CONCRETE
PAO
------
'-
DRUM
DUMP
REF(RENCE: BECHTEL FIGURE 1-J FS REPORT, APRIL 1992.
---
,ii, GERAGHTY 4"f & MILLER, INC.
Environffl.l'n.lal Servic•.t
0 200 FEET
---
J
-
0
0
J
PO
l!!l!!!I I!!!!!!!
SHALLOW WEll.
INITRl.!EOIATE 'NELL
SHAU.OW BEDROCK WELL
OEEP BEDROCK WEU..
TOP OF ROCK WELL
TOT::t: voc'S SHAl.LClW SAMPLE TOI vOC S DE£P sA.IJPLE
ESTIMATED CONC[NTAATION
NONE DETECTED
FIGURE HYDROPUNCH AND TEMPORARY WELL
SAMP~E RESULTS 4-1 I JFU ELECTRONICS/CfW,/NEL MASiER
OXFORD, :NORTH CAROLINA
--
)
- ---
4 Q 9-26-94
TCE IOU
PCE IOU rvoc ND
9-27-94
TC[ 1 OU
PCE 10U
TVOC ND
9-27-94
TCE ID
PCE 10
TVOC ND
9-26-9.4
TCE ID ~ PCE 10 • 0 TVOC NO ~ " a 0 • •
TCE
PCE
TVOC
9-29-94
TCE 52 CR!STEX BUILD!NG
PCE 110
TVOC 227J
9-29-94
TCE 610
PCE 1 SU
TVOC 61JJ
-------
10-3-94
TCE 10U
10-1J-9-4 PCE lOU
TCE 160,000 TVOC
PCE 5,J00J
TV0C 166,315J 3-15-95
TC[ 1 OU
PCE
TVOC
10-5-94
TCE 99
PC[ 850
TVOC 1,109
C
' 1,200
6,360 10-\1-94 3-U-95 5-16-95'/ 296J TCE 19U 10 26
PCE 27U 11 78
TVOC I J . 21 I 1' TCE 72
PCE 100
Ct.lMW20-10-11-94 J-10-95 TVOC 375J
TCE J2 180
PCE 22 94
TV0C •U J62J
\, .3-17-95
TCE .31
PCE 260
TVOC 32.3
REFERENCE: BECHTEL FIGURE 1 -J
FS REPORT. APRIL 1992. 0 200 FEET
-- ---
KEY TO DATA aox
3-16-95
TC[ NO
PCE ND
TVOC 2J
J-16-95
TCE 2-4
c.~w.2_•_ :-;-Pct 94
TVOC 151J
IOU
.3-10-95
TCE IOU
PCE IOU IOU
TVOC 2J NO
I
____ .. ___!.
~
~
PW-1 A
ow-, ~
'
"'""
IOU
IOU
ND
"'"°" DRAINAGE: CREEK
PROPERTY LINE
TREE LINE
"'"°"' PUl,!PINC WEl..L.
OBSERVATION WEl1.
3-15 95
TCE I 101
PCE l1ou
TVOC I 2J
ND
J
(119/l)
1/
2/
u
" 0
0
• .,
"'"''"
GROUNDWATER! VOLATILE ORGANIC
CONSTITUENT DATA SUMMARY
i
JFO ELECTRONICS/CHANNEL MASTER
OXFORD, NORTH CAROLINA
Oole Sompl .,
Trichloroe
Tetrochloroe
Toto! Volot~
thone {µg/L)
\hone (µ.g/L)
e Organic Constituents (l'g/i..)
Not Detected
Estimated Concentration
microgrom9 per liter
Anclyzcd by US[PA Method COi
Molyted by USEPA Method 8240
Compound Not Det11,;l11d
"""""'""'-
INTERIIEDIATf WELL
SHAU.OW BEDROCK WQl.
DEEP BEDROCK WEU.
TOP OF ROCI( WEU
~ WEU/RO wru.
FIGURE
4-2
0
~
z
e "' a
I I;;
!'i :II
J
~ I Ii 0.. ~
I I::! '" "' 0
I :I
J
0 '" 15
'" I a
ru
I ,:;
0 II
Ii < a I; ...
I! N 8
Ii
~ "l·
"' 1: ..
~ 0.. 1;
t··::;·i·:_
Prqec:t: CHANNEL MASTER
Prqec:t Locallon' OXFORD, NORTH CAROLINA
Pl qec:t Number: NC0202.020
MOMTOA WElJ... CMMW-12 WB..L CONSTRUCTION DCArnAM AID UTHOLoac LOO
Dote{■) 7-25-94 & 7-27-9~ ~ ~ck,,d
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TONY SHUSTER & DAN GRAHAM Total 11th T...,. CWE 850 & SCHRAWW T660 By Drilled bis) 61.0' Gn:iondwot.er · I tlnn ! \.AJm_~euon iL4 Hours Number ! . . ' Sompler i NA : NA l NA of Samples • Disturbed. NA : Un<f'IS'turbed: NA '-, /ft blsl Typo SPLIT SPOON i);o~h~ \ M.-tJ..(i 11 i Diameter of iweu (inch~) 2 ~ of Screen Canino PVC SCHEDULE ~ Perforation 0.010 ~of nc, Paci< SILICA SAND Type/Thicknea
of Seclfal BENTONITE PELLITS «·-s· TO 47'-o" Comments ENCOUNTERED BOULDER AT 23.0"; CONTINUED ORIWNG IN SAPROLITE W/AJR HAIIWER TO 60.0' (BEDROCK).
SAMPLES Well
Construction C 0
Details
0 0 ~"ii 0 "6, LITHOLOOIC DESCRIPTION .c: ., ~E a-'-REMARKS
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·• CONTINUED TO AUGER REFUSAL, HrT BCULDER AT 23.0°. . • •
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$GERAGHTY
Sheet 1 of 2 & MILLER INC. I
f'lc.;oct: CHANNEL MASTER
f'lqect Local'm: OXFORD, NORTH CAROLINA
P,qoct 1unber: NC0202.020
MOf-lTOA WB..l.. CMUW-12 WB.L CONSrnUCTlON [)(A~ AJ,O
LJTHOLOQC LOO I ~ ~:;=:;:;=====================;:========================;:=================::....../ ~ ~) 7-25-94 A: 7-27-'94 ~ TIM DUNN ~eked L MORITZ '
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Comment.
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REMARKS
BOTTOM OF WELL 60.0'
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Sheet 2 of 2
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i SAMPLES Well I -Construction C
Details I 0 0 u :;; 'il 0 LITHOLOGIC DESCRIPTION -.c" i '-·;;,
REMARKS g E o--o..n I -0 .2 " 0. ~ ~ -\ ~~ ,. 0 i W;::'. Eo 0 .c "' -o-:.:: 0 C/1 C iii .J .J /2-" 07
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She<0t , of 1 I GERAGHTY & MILLER INC.
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Project LOC811on • OXFORD, NORTH CAROLINA
Projed ~: NCO2O2.O20
MONITOR WELL CJMN-V
WB.L CONSTRUCTION DIAGRAM AfO
LJTI-iOLOGIC LOO
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Well Construction
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Prqi,c::t: CHANNEL MASTER
Project Locetion: OXFORD, NORTH CAROLINA
Prqi,c::t Nl.ni>er: NCO2O2;O2O
MONTOA WB.L O/MN-20
WB..1.. CONSTRUCTION DIA~ A}O l.JTHOLOGIC LOO
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CU.Y 60-70X, SILT 30-40X, LIGHT BROWN TO TAN, DRY, NO ODOR.
CU.Y 70-BOX, SILT 20-JOX, LIGHT BROWN TO TAN. DRY, NO ODOR.
I ~------I GERAGHTY & MILLER INC.
Well Construction
Details
REMARKS
Water at 15.0'
Sheet 1 of 1
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WELL CONSffiUCTION DIAGRAM AKJ
UTHOLOGIC LOG
Project Location: OXFORD, NORTH CAROLINA
Project~: NCO2O2,O2O
Drilling
M \hod HSA
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SAMPLES
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Urtl Number 1 • • Semple, NA Of Som"'es •, Dtsturbed: HA 1, Undisturbed: NA ,,. Type SPLIT SPOON
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Well Construction
Details
LITHOLOGIC DESCRIPTION REMARKS
CLAY as,:, SILT 15,:, YELLOW/TAN
t.4EDIUt.4 PLASTICrTY, DAt.4P-DRY, NO ODOR
CLAY 75,:, SAND 25,:, LT. GREEN/GREY, FlNE
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SAND 60,:, CLAY ~,:. LT. TAN, ORANGE/RED, COARSE GRAINED. SATURATED, LOW PLASTICrTY, NO ODOR, QUARTZ GRAINS
16.0' END OF BORING
$GERAGHTY & MILLER INC.
BOTTO!, OF WELL
15.0'
SAND TO 16.0'
Sheet 1 of 1
Ref 26
Mr. McKenzie Mallary
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region IV
RECEiVEDJune 23, 1997
JUN 2 5 1997
100 Alabama Street, SW
Atlanta, GA 30303-3104.
SUPERFUND SECTION
RE: Additional Groundwater Sampling Results, JFD Electronics/Channel Master NPL
Site, Oxford, North Carolina.
Dear Mr. Mallary:
As proposed in our letter of February 13, 1997, Geraghty & Miller, Inc., (Geraghty &
Miller) collected a round of groundwater samples at the JFD Electronics/Channel Master site.
The purpose of this sampling was to evaluate whether the contaminant plume has migrated prior
to the installation of the remedial system at the above-referenced facility. This report summarizes
the procedure used to collect the groundwater samples and discusses the analytical results.
SUMMARY OF FlELD.AC:TIVITfES AND RESULTS
The field activities were conducted by Geraghty & :Miller personnel during the period of
February 18, 1997 and February 21, 1997, at the above-referenced site. These activities include
groundwater level measurements and groundwater sampling of 12 monitor wells. The following
sections describe various field activities and provide a summary of sampling information.
Field Activities
Depth-to-water measurements were collected from all on-site and off-site monitor wells
on February 18, 1997. The measurements were collected with an electronic water-level probe.
Groundwater samples were collected between February 19 and 21, 1997. The
groundwater sampling activity was performed in accordance with the Remedial Design Work Plan
prepared by Geraghty & Miller (1994). A low-flow sampling methodology was employed for
well sampling in an effort to obtain groundwater samples with low turbidity and to minimize
volatilization. The monitor wells sampled include CMMW04, CMMW05, CMMW07,
CMMWI0, CMMWI5, CMMMW17, CMM\Vl9, CMMW20, CMMW22, CMMW23,
CMMW24, and Cl\1MW26. These monitor wells were purged and sampled using decontaminated
electric submersible pumps. Approximately three well volumes of water were purged from each
well prior to sampling. During purging of monitor wells pH, specific conductance, and
temperature were measured and recorded using portable meters calibrated in the field. This
information was recorded on a groundwater sampling form. However, monitor well CMJ\,fWJ7
g:1.ttprojc:ctljfdchMn\nc0202. I 30\rc:pcru¼amp-rpt,doc\ 1 R-Jun-97
CrossPointe 11, 2840 Plaza Place, Suite 350 • Raleigh, Nor1h Carolina 27612 • [phone] • FAX [phone]
'GERAGHTY & MILLER, INC. Mr. McKenzie Mallary
Page 2
June 23, 1997
went dry before purging three well volumes. Since the recharge rate of this well is very low, it
was left overnight to be recharged and was sampled the next day (within 24 hours). Copies of the
water sampling logs are enclosed as Attachment I. Purge water and equipment decontamination
water (investigative-derived waste) generated during sampling were placed in the polytank
existing at the site for future disposal.
Once collected, the groundwater samples were placed in appropriately labeled containers,
packed on ice in a cooler, and shipped to Savannah Laboratories and Environmental Services,
Inc., Savannah, Georgia, for analysis. A chain-of-custody form was used to maintain a complete
record of all personnel that had contact with the samples. Copies of the chain-of-custody records
are enclosed with the laboratory analytical report in Attachment 2.
Results
The depth-to-water measurements were converted to groundwater elevations using the
well survey data. Table I presents the depth-to-water measurement and groundwater elevation.
Generally, the water levels in the monitoring wells are slightly higher than those previously
measured (April 28, 1995). Figure I presents the groundwater elevation contour map with
general groundwater flow direction. Based on this map, the groundwater flow direction is toward
the southeast. The groundwater flow pattern is identical to those previously observed.
All groundwater samples collected at the site were submitted for analysis of volatile
organic compounds (VOCs) using U.S. Environmental Protection (USEPA) Method 8260. In
addition, the groundwater sample from monitor well CMMW04 was analyzed for total and
amenable cyanide (USEPA 9010). Upon receipt of completed laboratory analyses, Geraghty &
Miller validated the data using Level II Data Quality objectives. A summary of laboratory
analytical results is presented in Table 2. The quality control data summary is presented as
Table 3.
Based on the analytical results in Table 2, the VOC concentrations in on-site monitor wells
do not vary significantly from the previous sampling events, except for monitor wells CMMW05
and CMMWI0. As shown in Figure 2, monitor wells CMMW05 and CMMWI0 indicated the
presence of high concentrations of dissolved VOCs, with total VOC concentrations of 93,390
micrograms per liter (rtg/L) and 248,500 flg/L, respectively. These concentrations were higher
than those samples collected in October 1994 (see Figure 2). These variations could be due to
variations in the seasonal water levels at the site. The on-site monitor well CMMW 15 exhibited a
moderate increase in total VOC concentration and a slight decrease was observed in monitor well
CMMWI3.
The total VOC concentration in off-site monitor well CMMW20 (near drum ··dump)
indicated a moderate increase from that of the March 17, 1995 sampling result. The total VOC
concentrations in the groundwater samples collected from off-site monitor wells CMMW04,
CMi\1W21, CMMW22, CMMW23, CMMW24, and CMMW26 in February 1997 varied slightly
from the March 1995 results.
g:\a project~ f dchann\ncO 2 0 2. 13 Olreportslsamp-rpt. doc
:;;.&.fuiiLvi.i5.l..tiliEJ..U:JZ::ltY:UU!Ji_ a
GERAGHTY & MILLER, INC. Mr. McKenzie Mallary
Page 3
June 23, 1997
Since the historical data indicate the presence of cyanide in monitor well CMMW04, this
well was sampled for total and amenable cyanide. The total and amenable cyanide concentrations
in this well were measured to be 240 µg/L and 150 µg/L, respectively. The previously-measured
total amenable cyanide concentrations (October 11, 1994) in the groundwater sample from this
well were 354 µg/L and 81 µg/L, respectively.
Summary
To evaluate if the groundwater contamination has migrated farther, a round of
groundwater samples was collected from representative monitor wells at the facility. The
groundwater sampling results indicate that the dissolved contaminant concentrations in the
perimeter monitor wells have not changed significantly since the last sampling round (April 1995).
However, higher concentrations of total VOCs were observed in monitor wells CMMW05 and
CMMWl0 (hot-spot wells). The higher concentrations are most likely due to water-level
fluctuations. Since no significant changes in contaminant concentrations were observed in the
perimeter monitor wells, the contaminant plume does not appear to have migrated farther.
Therefore, no design changes or relocation of the proposed recovery wells are apparent.
If you have any questions or need additional information, please contact us at
[phone].
NVS/srd
Enclosure
Sincerely,
GERAGHTY & MILLER, INC.
,/V\-c4--~~-
Nanjun V. Shetty, P.E.
Senior Engineer
William H. Doucette, Jr., Ph.D., P.G.
Associate/Project Coordinator
for the Responsible Party
cc: Brian Kempner, The UNIMAX Corporation
S. Alan Lazar, AVNET, Inc.
Greg Rorech, G&M Tampa
David Lown, NCDEHNR
g:\aprojcct~f dchann\nc0202. I 30\reports\,;:imp•rpl.doc
ij-I
rl Water-Level Elevations, February I 8, I 997, JFD Electronics/Channel Maser Site, Oxford, ,. Table I.
North Carolina.
ti I Measuring Point Depth · Groundwater
Monitor Elevation lo Water Elevation
m· Wei\ ID (fl ms\) (fl toe) (fl ms\)
·I
'• CMMW0I 478.18 7.56 470.62
CMMW02 466.24 5.4 l 460.83
11
CMMW03 466.23 5.12 461.11
CMMW04 463.60 6.85 456.75
CMMW05 469.99 6.79 463.20
•w CMMW06 459.03 5.56 453.47
CMMW07 463.60 4.48 459.12
CMMW08 476.74 6.56 470. 18
lU CMMW09 472.68 3.91 468.77
CMMWI0 469. 71 6.77 462.94
11
CMMW!l 466.69 5.41 461.28
CMMWl2 466.78 5.44 461.34
CMMWl3 463.68 2.95 460.73
'•
CMMW14 468.40 8.91 459.49
CMMW15 468.17 8.50 459.67
CMMWl6 458.02 2.95 455.07
:J1 CMMW17 460.15 4.92 455.23
CMMWl8 455.58 3. I.\ 452.44 :,. CMMWl9 456.48 4.23 452.25
CMMW20 469.37 11.56 457.8 l
CMMW21 456.22 2.13 454.09 ,, CMMW22 456. l 2 2.43 453.69
CMMW23 4.\7.64 2.92 4.\.\. 72
CMMW24 445.58 3.78 441.80
ll CMMW25 466.96 7.11 459. 85
CMMW26 468.44 5.56 462.88
i1
TW-24 463.88 7.78 456. 10
SME-01 477.80 5.92 47 I. 88
t1 ft lac Feet below top of casing.
fl ms\ Feet above mean sea level.
i~
iffi ~1
[fl g:l.aproj r::ct\m:0202.130\tablr::s\l-POR.XLS\6/18197
GERAGHTY 61' MILLER. INC
... t,,J
----------- ---~ liiiiiiii
-~1 --;~ -·~
illlll -
Page 2 of2
Table 2. Groundwater Sample Quality VOC and Cyanide Data Summary, JFD Electronics/Channel Master Site, Oxford, North Carolina.
Sample Name:
Sample Date:
Sample Type:
Media:
Zone:
Laboratory:
Lab ID:
Concentration Unit:
Volatile Organics
(USEPA Method 8260)
Acetone
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
l, l-Dichloroetharie
I, 1-Dichloroethenc
cis/trans-1,2-Dichloroethcne
Tetrachloroethene
Toluene
l, I, 1-TrichlorocthanC
l, 1,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethcn"'e
Vinyl chloride
Cvanide
(USEPA Method 9010)
Total
Amenable
Micrograms per liter.
CMMW-19
2/20/97
Monitor Well
Groundwater
Intermediate
Savannah
5771026*7
µg/L
<25
<l.0
<I.0
<1.0!/
<I.0
<l.0
0.621'1
28
<I.0
<l.0
<l.0
9.3
<I.0
NA
NA
CMMW-20'
2/19/97
Monitor \Veil
Groundwater
Shallow .
Savannah
5771026*6
µg/L
<25
<I.0
5.2 '
8.3 i
I. 9 .
23 7
13.
680D,
<l.O
I I'
1.2 )
49D ;
<1.0
NA
NA
·pgiL
.<
J
D
Compound was not detected above the quantitation limit.
Compound concentration is qualified as estimated.
Compound was quantitated using a secondary dilution factor.
CMMW-22
2/19/97
Monitor Well
Groundwater
Shallow
Savannah
5771026*2
µg/L
<25
<I.0
<I.0
<I.0
<I.0
<l.0
0. 17)21
2.6
<I.0
<l.0
<l.0
0.221'1
<l.0
NA
NA
CMMW-23
2/19/97
Monitor Well
Groundwater
Intermediate
Savannah
5771026*4
µg/L
<25
<I.0
<l.0
<I.0
<l.0
<I.0
19
44D
<l.0
<l.0
<l.0
21
<l.0
NA
NA
!I
y
JI
•
Compound concentration is qualified as undetected(<) due to associated blank sample contamination.
Estimated concentration (compound was detected between the MDL and the Quantitation Limit).
Compound concentration exceeds the instrument upper calibration curve and is qualifed as estimated.
Compound concentration is qualified as estimated because the field sample criteria were not met.
Field replicate of groundwater sample C/✓J\1W-05 . voe
N.A.
Volatile organic compounds.
Compound was not analyzed.
g: \a,~rojcct\j fdchann \nc0202. 130\2-U\N .XL S6/l S/9?
CMMW-24
2/19/97
Monitor Well
Groundwater ·
Intermediate
Savannah
5771026*1
µg/1.
<25
<l.0
<l.0
<I.OIi
<l.0
<I.0
<I.0
<I.O
<l.0
<I.0
<1.0
0.5IJ21
<1.0
NA
NA
CMMW-26
2/19/97
Monitor Well
Groundwater
Intermediate
Savannah
5771026*3
µg/L
<25
<l.0
<I.0
<l.0
<l.0
<I.0
22
57D
<l.0
<I.0
<I.0
9.2
<I.0
NA
NA
GERAGHTY & MILLER, INC
111 5--L SAVANNAH LABORATORIES
ll · & ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INC.
Wg 5102 LaRoche Avenue• Savannah, GA 31404 • [phone] • Fax [phone]
LOG NO: S7-71026
21 FEB 97
03 MAR 97 mu
W1
Mr. Nanjun Shetty
Geraghty & Miller,
2840 Plaza Place,
Raleigh, NC 27612
Inc., Environmental Services
Suite 350
Received:
Reported:
Revised: 10 MAR 97
'• Project: NC0202.130/T0#20684/JFD Electronics/Channel Master
Sampled By:
ffl I LOG NO
REPORT OF RESULTS
SAMPLE DESCRIPTION, LIQUID SAMPLES
'• w,
-------------------------------------------------------------
71026-6 CMMW-20
71026-7 CMMW-19
71026-8 TB-1
-----------------------------------------------------------
PARAMETER 71026-6
-----------------------------------------------------------
Ill Volatiles by GC/MS (8260) IIJ.. Chloromethane, ug /1
Bromomethane, ug/1
ffl Vinyl chloride, ug/1 -.~'I Chloroethane, ug/1
Methylene chloride (Dichloromethane), ug/1
' ~
'." ;
~
\ ;
lti
Acetone, ug/1
ug/1
Carbon disulfide, ug/1
1,1-Dichloroethene, ug/1
1,1-Dichloroethane, ug/1
Cis/Trans-1,2-Dichloroethene,
Chloroform, ug/1
1,2-Dichloroethane, ug/1
2-Butanone (MEK), ug/1
1,1,1-Trichloroethane, ug/1
Carbon tetrachloride, ug/1
Vinyl Acetate, ug/1
Bromodichloromethane, ug/1
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane, ug/1
1,2-Dichloropropane, ug/1
trans-1,3-Dichloropropene, ug/1
,,
---------------------------------------
<1.0
<l.O
<l.O
<1.0
<5.0
<25
<1.0
23
1.9
13
8.3
<l.O
<10
11
5.2
<2.0
<l.O
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
----------
Code: 111270310
Page 3
DATE/
TIME SAMPLED
-----------------------
02-19-97/1730
02-20-97/1045
02-19-97
71026-7
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
<5.0
<25
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
0. 62J
0.17J
<1.0
<10
<l.O
<1.0
<2.0
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
71026-8
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
<l.O
l.6J
<25
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
<l. 0
<1.0
<1.0
<10
<1.0
<1.0
<2.0
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
< J .. 0
--------------------
'• Laboratories in Savannah, GA • Tallahassee, FL• Tampa. FL• Deerfield Beach, FL • Mobile, AL • New Orleans, LA
~· -
U· 5-L SAVANNAH LABORATORIES n & ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INC.
ff 5102 LaRoche Avenue• Savannah', GA 31404 • [phone] •
ff O .
Fax [phone]
Mr. Nanjun Shetty
Geraghty & Miller, Inc., . Environmental
2840 Plaza Place, Suite 350
Raleigh, NC 27612
Services
LOG NO:
Received:
Reported:
S7-71026
21 FEB 97
03 MAR 97
Revised: 10 MAR 97 ~E
ll
I
Project: NC0202.130/TO#20684/JFD Electronics/Channel Master
Sampled By:
l
ILOG NO
REPORT OF RESULTS
SAMPLE DESCRIPTION, LIQUID SAMPLES
l -------------------------------------------------------------
)_ 71026-6 CMMW-20 171026-7 CMMW-19
71026-8 TB-1
I l~~~~~~::_:::::::::::::::::-::::::::::-::::::::::-----------71026-6
----------1 Trichloroethene, ug/1 JI Dibromochloromethane, ug/1
1,1,2-Trichloroethane, ug/1
·.-] Benzene, ug /1
cis-1,3-Dichloropropene, ug/1 -1 2-Chloroethylvinyl ether, ug/1
l ·1
J_I
Bromoform, ug/1
2-Hexanone, ug/1
4-Methyl-2-pentanone (MIBK), ug/1
Tetrachloroethene, ug/1
Toluene, ug/1
Chlorobenzene, ug/1
Ethylbenzene, ug/1
Styrene, ug/1
Xylenes, ug/1
Surrogate -Toluene-dB
Surrogate -4-Bromofluorobenzene
Surrogate -Dibromofluoromethane
I. I
al Date Analyzed
Dilution factor
ii Batch ID
]! .-----------------------------
!ml
1,
'•
49*F42
<1.0
1. 2
<1.0
<1.0
<10
<1.0
<10
<10
680*F42
<1.0
<l.O
<l.0
<1.0
<2.0
110/90 %
110/115 %
100/110 %
02.25.97
1.0/20
0224B
Code: 111270310
Page 4
DATE/
TIME SAMPLED
02-19-97/1730
02-20-97/1045
02-19-97
71026-7 71026-8
--------------------
9.3 <1.0
<1.0 <l. 0
<1.0 <1.0
<l.0 <1.0
<1.0 <1.0
<10 <10
<1.0 <l.O
<10 <10
<10 <10
28 <1.0
<1.0 <1.0
<1.0 <1.0
<1.0 <1.0
<1.0 <1.0
<2.0 <2.0
100 % 99 %
llO % 120 %
100 % 99 %
02.25.97 02.25.97
1.0 l. 0
0224B 0224B
a1 Laboratories in Savannah, GA • Tallahassee, FL• Tampa. FL• Deerfield Beach, FL • Mobile, AL • New Orleans, LA
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UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
REGION4
Mr. William H. Doucette, Jr.
Arcadis Geraghty & Miller
2840 Plaza Place, Suite 350
Raleigh, North Carolina 27612
ATLANTA FEDERAL CENTER
61 FORSYTH STREET, SW
ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30303-8909
March 11, 1998
Subject: Response to Your Letter Dated
February 13, 1998 Regarding the
JFD-Electr(!~i,;~/Chamlel Master Site
Dear Mr. Doucette:
SUPERFUND Sl:C1I0~1
EPA is pleased to hear that all site access issues regarding the upcoming groundwater
remedial action have been resolved, and that Arcadis Geraghty & Miller will begin construction of
the system according to the schedule submitted with your February 13, 1998 letter. EPA is also
pleased that additional groundwater monitoring will take place in the next month. I look forward
to reviewing the groundwater analytical results from the compliance monitoring wells and the
nearby residential wells in the near future.
Arcadis Geraghty & Miller requested that EPA consider removing extraction wells PW-
5A, PW-SB, and PW-SC from the Final Remedial Design, for the following reasons. You believe
these wells would not be cost effective because they may disrupt the natural attenuation of site
contaminants. Further, you stated the .deletion of these wells would not significantly change the
capture zones for the remaining recovery wells, and that the full plume would still be contained.
You also stated that in recent RODs forNPL sites in North Carolina the EPA has allowed for
natural attenuation remedies of ground water contaminated with the same constituents which
make up the JFD Electronics/Channel Master plume.
EPA has reviewed Geraghty & Miiier' s document entitled "Additionai Groundwater
Sampling Results" dated June 23, 1997. The analytical results shown in Figure 2 indicate that the
levels oftrichloroethene (TCE) and tetrachloroethene (PCE) in the parking lot area (shallow well
CMMW!0 and intermediate well CMMW05) have increased dramatically from October 1994 to
February 1997. For example, the level of PCE in shallow well CMMW!0 increased from
160,000 to 240,000 micrograms per liter (ug/1). These concentrations are between 10% and 50%
of the pure-phase solubility of PCE, indicating a high likelihood of subsurface DNAPL. The
increase of contaminant concentrations indicate this "hot spot" continues to migrate from the
source area, potentially increasing the size of the plume needing active remediation. Using
monitored natural attenuation as the remedy for the hot spot would not be consistent with
CERCLA, EPA's relevant.policy and guidance on monitored natural attenuation, and the State's
policy on natural attenuation, and is therefore not an acceptable option to EPA and the State at
this point in time.
Recycled/RKYClabfa • Printed with Vegetable Oil ~ Inks on 100% Recycled Paper (40% Postconsumer)
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-2-
Removing extraction wells PW-SA, PW-SB, and PW-SC from the Final Remedial Design
may not significantly change the capture zones of the remaining recovery wells. Therefore, full
containment of the groundwater contamination plume may be possible at the Site without the use
of these three extraction wells. While containing the plume is an important objective of this
Remedial Action, EPA believes that removing the source of the groundwater contamination, and
actively remediating portions of the plume with high contaminant concentrations, are necessary in
order to attain the cleanup levels established in the ROD.
Several NPL sites in North Carolina have RODs which include monitored natural
attenuation.in the remedy to address groundwater c.Qnt~nated Vlith vcktile org~ic compounds
(VOCs). EPA's current policy and guidance on monitored natural attenuation restricts its use to
sites where plumes are no longer expanding (i.e., have stabilized), and that have a low potential
for plume generation and migration. However, for sites with areas of high VOC concentrations in
the groundwater, such as the JFD Electronics/Channel Master Site, EPA expects that monitored
natural attenuation will be used in conjunction with active remediation measures. For example,
monitored attenuation could be employed in lower concentration areas of the dissolved plume and
as a follow-up to active remediation in areas of higher concentration.
Arcadis Geraghty & Miller also requested that EPA add the Cristex property as an
operable unit to the JFD Electronics/Channel Master site. EPA and the NCDENR have
discussed this issue, and agree that additional data is needed from the Cristex property before
making a decision regarding expanding the JFD Electronics/Channel Master site to include the
Cristex property. Therefore, EPA and the State have scheduled a Preliminary Assessment/Site
Inspection (PA/SI) to collect additional sampling data from the Cristex property. I will keep you
updated as to the progress of the PA/SL
You can contact me at [phone] if you have questions or co=ents regarding these
matters.
cc: David Mattison, NCDENR
Donna Wilson, NCDENR
Michelle Staes, EPA EAD
Sincereiy,
M~~
McKenzie Mallary
RPM, North Site Management Branch
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DATE:
TO:
FROM:
SITE:
April 7, 1999
File
Jeanette Stanley
Environmental Chemist
NC Superfund Section
Cristex Drum Site
NCO 001606250
Oxford, Granville County, North Carolina
Ref. 28
A review of Donna Wilson's notes (Environmental Engineer, NC Superfund Section), reveals
that she examined the list of the closest wells to the JFD/Channel Master site that were sampled in
1991. Donna Wilson infonned me that she determined that these wells werl no longer in use. Ms.
Wilson also reviewed Oxford water line maps, a list of water connections on Lewis Street, and
conducted numerous telephone interviews in order to determine the location of the nearest drinking
water well.
The nearest wells is at 807 Lewis Street, on the east side of the street just south of the lake
visible on the USGS topographic map. This well is used by one resident. The owner of the well,
Hoffman Suitt, lives at 812 Lewis Street and reported that the well is 102 feet deep.
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L,-5/ 1f Pi,b ?u/;kvv
{'o ,, 11 ..( cl; dV:? CY)
L" • .;;is 5t.
I. Query: FINDST,QUERY REPORT Report width: 73
L~NE .... : ... 10 .... : ... 20 .... : ... 3o .... : ... 4o .... : ... so .... : ... 6o .... : ... 7o ..
S LID# ACT# NAME SADD 1)0001 V D-48 300.014.400 VACANT METER LEWIS STREET
.□0002 V D-147 300.044.700 VACANT METER LEWIS STREET
000003 A I-28 700.015.301 SNACKERS 101 LEWIS STREET
110004 A D-46 300.013.800 ELLINGTON'S BODY SH □ 103 LEWIS STREET
10005 A D-47 300.014.101 ELLINGTON'S BODY SH □ 105 LEWIS STREET
000006 I D-52 300,015,600 MRS. GEORGE WATKINS 106 LEWIS STREET
lnoo007 I D-50 300.015.001 STANLEY MC COY CROSS 110 1/2 LO/IS :,TREET
10008 A D-50 300.015,002 CARNELL M SIDNEY SR 110 1/2 LEWIS STREET
u00009 A D-51 300,015.301 NELL SMITH 110-A LEWIS STREET
000010 A D-51B 300,015.456 JORGE L MARTINEZ 110-B LEWIS STREET
1)0011 I D-51B 300.015.455 LAKINA BULLOCK 110-B LEWIS STREET
10012 I D-49 300.014.700 SALLIE NANCE% JENNY 112 LEWIS STREET
000013 I D-161 320,004.203 LARRY CHRISP 116 LEWIS STREET
110014 A D-160 320.003.900 JOHN F COPLIN JR. 118 LEWIS STREET
10015 I D-162 320.004.503 MAE PEACE/& 119 LEWIS STREET
000016 I D-159 320.003.608 KURT MARROW/& 120 LEWIS STREET
n □0017 V D-163 320.004.800 VACANT METER 121 LEWIS STREET
110018 A D-158 320,003.306 ROBERT GLASSCOCK 122 LEWIS STREET
.,ncl3 =Go back Cmcl7 =End Cmd9=Shi ft r·i qht Cmd 1 O=Shi ft 1 eft Roll =Paqe
Position to line number . . . Shift to column position .....
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I Query: FINDST,QIJERY REPORT Repor't width: 73
LINE .... : ... 10 ... ,: ... 20 .... : ... 3 0,.,,:.,. 4 0,.,,:, .. 50 .... : ... 60 .... : ... 7 0 ..
S LID# ACT# NAME SADD 1)0019 A D-157 320,003.000 MRS. DICK EVANS 124 LEWIS STREET
)0020 A D-156 320,002.702 RODGER KITTRELL 126 LEWIS STREET
000021 A D-165 340.000.304 DONNAIL DOWNEY 201 LEWIS STREET
1)0022 A D-155 320.002.400 JIM HOBGOOD 207 LEWIS STREET
)0023 I D-154 320.002.108 GLENN A POWELL/& 210 LEWIS STREET
000024 A D-154 320.002.109 MARGARET L HUNT 210 LEWIS STREET
l"D0025 A D-153 320.001.800 CHARLES N, PAYNE 211 LE\"1S STREET
)0026 A D-151 320.001 .200 LEOBARADA MOLINDA AL 212 LEWIS STREET
uU0027 A D-152 320.001.504 ALEJANDRO CARLOS BLA 213 LEWIS STREET
000028 A D-150 320.000,900 THOMAS W HOBGOOD 214 LEWIS STREET
1)0029 A D-149 320,000.604 SALVADOR C GALVAN 216 LEWIS STREET
10030 I D-148 320.000.304 ALICE C ELLIOTT 218 LEWIS STREET
000031 A D-95A 300.028.802 TOMASA PERDOMO ISIDR 306 LEWIS STREET
1)0032 A D-98 300.029.701 THOMAS L OLIVER 308 LEWIS STREET
l0033 I D-97 300,029.407 GRACIE K KEETON/& 310 LEWIS STREET
000034 A D-100 300.030,300 WELCOME SERVICE CENT 312 LEWIS STREET
"□0035 I I-31&31 700,015.900 BURLINGTON INDUSTRIE 325 LEWIS STREET 1)0036 A G1-2 500.000.606 BURLEY WAYNE CHAMPIO 402 LEWIS STREET
-,ncl3=Go back Cmcl7=End Cmd9=Shift ri•;iht Cmd10=Shift left Roll =Pa•;ie
Position to line number Shift to column position.
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I Query: FINDST,QUERY REPORT Report width: 73
LINE •••. : •.• 1 0 •••• : •.. 2 0 •••• : , , • 3 0 •••• : • , • ~. 0 , , , • : ••• 5 0 , ••• : ••• 6 0 •••• : ••• 7 0 ••
S LID# ACT# NAME SADD 1)003 7 A G 1-3 12 500.001. 203 RONALD & BONITA BO\~L 405 LEl•IIS STREET
-D0038 A G1-4 500.001.500 LONNIE BROYAL 413 LEWIS STREET
000039 A G1-2A 500.001 ,300 ,JAMES A HIGHTOWER 414 LEWIS STREET
110040 A G1-5 500.001,804 JOANN MCGRATH 419 LEWIS STREET
10041 A G1-1 500.000,300 HELEN D HOCKETT 422 LEWIS STREET
000042 A G1-5A 500.002.100 WESCO, INC 424 LEWIS STREET
1~80043 A G 1-5AC 500. 002. 500 MRS ,JAMES l<NOTT 425 LE\s/IS STREET
10044 A G1-5AB 500.002.401 NUMBERS CHILD CARE C 426 LEWIS STREEr
u00045 I G1-5AA 500,002,301 EDWARD CHEUK-YAT NG 426 1/2 LEWIS STREET
000046 A G1-5AD 500.002,703 ASIA CHINESE RESTAUR 430 LEWIS STREET
110047 A G1-5AE 500.002,751 LEADER HOME SALES 500 LEWIS STREET EXT
10048 I 500.002.900 DR, CB FINCH 503 LEWIS STREET
000049 A G1-5AAA 500.002.990 BETTS & SON FUNERAL 512 LEWIS STREET
1)0050 A G1-5B 500.003,003 FAYECHALISTIC BEAUTY 515 LEWIS STREET
J0051 A G1-5CD 500.003.950 CHARLES HESTER 518 LEWIS STREET
000052 A G1-5C 500,003.600 FINCH CAR WASH 521 LEWIS STREET
ln80053 A G 1-5D 500. 004. 000 PERRY BROS. TIRE CO 606 LEWIS STREET
)0054 I G1-5G 500,005.100 JAMES BROOKS TRAILOR 609 LEWIS STREET
~,nd3=Go back Cmd7=End Cmd9=Shift right Cmd10=Shift left Roll=Page
Position to line number . . . Shift to column position .....
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I · Query: FINDST,QUERY REPORT Report width: 73
LINE .... : ... 10 .... : ... 20 .... : ... 30 .•.. : ... 40 .... : ... 50 .... :.,,60 .... : .•. 70 ..
s IJ 00 5 5 V
_J0056 A
000057 A
1)0058 A
)0059 A
000060 A
ln00061 A
)0062 A
uu0063 A
000064 A
1)0065 A
)0066 A
000067 A
1)0068 A
J0069 A
000070 A
1"00071 A
)0072 A
v,nd 3 =Go
Position
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LID#
G1-5H
G1-5F
G 1 -51<
G1-51<K
G 1 - 1 0
G1-7
G 1 - 1 1
G1-8
ACT# NAME SADD
500.005.400 AL SANDLING CHEVROLE 613 LEWIS STREET
500.004.800 AL SANDLING CHEVROLE 613 LEWIS STREET
500.005,703 MECKLENBURG CONTRACT 615 LEWIS STREET
500.006.000 GRAY'S AUTO SALES 700 LEWIS STREET
500.008,701 ROSE MARTIS 703 LEWIS STREET
500.006.501 WAYNE BROOKS 704 LEWIS STREET
500.008.402 MAZATLAN MEXICAN RES 705 LEWIS STREET
500.006.601 JAMES BROOKS 706 LEWIS STREET
G1-12DD 500.007.900 KATHERINE B,LATTA 707 L£WIS STREET
G1-8A
G1-12D
G1-12B
G1-12C
I-32C 2
500.006.901 BARBARA N BREWER 708 LEWIS STREET
500.007.807 JAMES L. BESCHLER )09 LEWIS STREET
500. 007. 207 PATRICIA S THAXTON i712-A LE~IIS STREET
500.007.503 ROBERT~ EVANS :712-B LEWIS STREET
700.016.804 ANCIENT IRON CYCLES 718 LEWIS STREET
500.007.700 VIRGINIA JONES 719 LEWIS STREET
I-32D 700.017.101 CHHJA GATE 726 LE~/IS STREET H~IY 15
I-32F 700,017,700 SHERMAN & BODDIE TRU 730 LEWIS STREET
I-32E 700.017.400 SHERMAN & BODDIE TRU 730 LEWIS STREET
back Cmd7=End Cmd9=Shift right Cmd10=Shift left Roll=Page
to line number. Shift to colurnn Position.
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I Query: FINDST,QUERY REPORT Report width: 73
_INE .... : ... 1 0 .... : ... 20 .... :.,. 3 0 .... : ... 40 .... : ... 50 .... : ... 60,,.,:,,. 7 0.,
S LID# ACT# NAME SAD □
100073 A I-328 700.016,500 SHERMAN & ~ODDIE, IN 730 LEWIS STREET
00074 A I-32G 700.018, 001 HARRIS I S AUITO SERVIC: 800 LEWIS STREET
000075 A I-32G1 700.018.300 CROWN MOTEL 804 LEWIS STREET
1"00076 A 700.018.501 OXFORD USED! TIRES 806 LEWIS STREET
00077 A .5 700.018. 550 LA CHARRITA MEX FD & 806-C LEWIS STREET
u00078 I G1-5E 500.004,200 ROBERT EVA~S GRILL 809 LEWIS STREET
000079 A I-32GH :5 700,018.400 EATON CUSTOMIZED MEA 810-A LEWIS STREET 1••••• •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• End of report •••••••••••••••••••********
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SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PLAN
' FOR RESIDENTIAL WELL SAMPLING
. ' JFD ELECTRONICS/
CHANNEL MASTER\ NPL SITE
OXFORD, NORTH CAROLINA
I
1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
I
Section 1.0
Revision 0
December 14, 1993
Page 1 of 3
The JFD Electronics/Channel Master site (site) in Oxford, North Carolina, was placed
on the National Priorities List (NPL) by the U.S. Enlironmental Protection Agency "(USEPA)
in October 1989. In September 1993, JFD ElectroJics Corp. and Channel Master Satellite
Systems, Inc., (the Responsible Parties) entered into a Consent Decree with the USEPA for
Remedial Design/Remedial Action. This Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP) for Residential Well
Sampling has been prepared to satisfy the residential well sampling requirements of the Consent
Decree. It documents the procedures to be used to eJsure that the work performed is of high
quality. This document references the SAP for the R~medial Design, which is Appendix A of
I the Remedial Design Work Plan (Geraghty & Miller, 1993).
1.1 PROJECT OBJECTIVES
Three private residential supply wells in the vicinity of the site, sampled during the
Remedial Investigation (RI), will be resampled on a seJi-annaal basis. The primary objective
of this sampling is to confirm that site-related constituehts are not impacting these wells.
DOC.1690\Dccembcr 14, 1993
Section 1.0
Revision 0
December 14, 1993
Page 2 of 3
1.2 RESIDENTIAL WE.LL LOCATIONS
are:
The eon tact names, addresses, and phone numbers for the residential wells to be sampled
1. Mr. James Hightower and son Bernie
Lewis Street (RT 3, P.O. Box 186J)
Oxford, North Carolina 27565
[phone]
[phone]
2. Mrs. James Knott and daughter Quinn Adrock
425 Lewis Street
Oxford, North Carolina 27565
[phone]
[phone]
3. Dr. C.B. Finch
Lewis Street (Number unknown)'
Oxford, North Carolina 27565
[phone]
A map showing the locations of these residences in relation to the site is included in
Appendix A.
Prior to entering these properties, the owner and/or tenant of each subject residence will
I be contacted by the USEPA Remedial Project Manager (RPM) and/or a designated representative
of the Responsible Parties to set up an acceptable date ahd time for sample collection. Under
no circumstances will a property be entered without priJ permission of the owner/tenant. . I
During the RJ a sample was collected from the home of Ms. Eva Dement located at 614
Lewis St., Oxford, NC 27565 [phone]. Howeve~, it was determined that results from
this sample would not be representative because the saJpling location was downstream of a
residential water filtration system. During the initial saJpling event conducted in accordance
DOC.1690\Deccmber 14, 1993
GERAGHTY & MlLLER. INC
I
Section 1.0
Revision 0
December 14, 1993
Page 3 of 3
with this SAP, an attempt will be made to determine if a representative sample (i.e., unfiltered)
can be obtained from the Dement well.
Other potential residential well sampling sites may exist to the west of the Dement
residence or to the north of the Knott residence. Duhng the initial sampling event an attempt
will be made to identify alternative residential w~ll sampling sites located hydraulically
I downgradient from the JFD Electronics/Channel Master site.
. \
DOC.1690\Deccmber 14, 1993
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I GERAGHTY & MILLER. !NC
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FI GORE 6 -5
JFD ELECTRONICS/CHANNEL MASTER SITE
I RESIDENTIAL WELL LOCATIONS
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Knott, James 42-5 [ew1s St tv
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MEMO
DATE:
TO:
FROM:
SITE:
\
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March 24, 1999 \ a
Jeanette Stanley J J\J.; I 'V )(
Environmental Chemist i U
NC Superfund Section \
Cristex Drum Site
NCO 001 606 250
Oxford, Granville County. North Carolina - I
Ref 30
have reviewed the Oxford, NC and Wilton, NC USGS quadrangle maps and have
' determined that overland now leaving the Cristex would flow in a northeasterly direction for 1,500'
and enters and intermittent stream . .This intermittent dtrcam flows another 1,750 feet until it
becomes perennial. In 750', this perennial stream"join{another perennial stream, an unnamed
tributary (UT) to Fishing Creek. This UT to Fishing Creek flows southward for 2 miles and flows
' into Fishing Creek. Fishing Creek flows southward for 7 ½ miles and enters the Tar River The Tar
River flows east from this point. The 15-mile surface \water pathway ends another 5.4 miles
downstream near the Granville Co., Franklin Co. Line.
I have also reviewed the United States Department of the Interior National Wetlands
Inventory maps for the same two quadrangles and have d~termined that there are some wetlands . ' along the surface water pathway. The Oxford map shows that at a point 1,500 feet below the PPE
is a wetland on both sides of the stream for½ mile, giving a\total of I mile of wetland frontage. At
a point another 500' below this is another wetland on both sicles of the stream for a total frontage of
1,000' (0.2 mile). Another 2.3 miles downstream is a 1,600'\(0.3 mile) long wetland on one side of
the stream. At the confluence of Fishing Creek and Coon Creek is a large wetland having a stream
frontage of3,000' on each side, or a total of 1.1 miles wctlabd frontage. Fishing Creek then nows
' through steeply graded terrain until it flows into the Tar River. There arc three minimal wetland ' areas along the Tar River. having a total frontage of2,000' (0.4 mile).
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MEMO
DATE:
TO:
FROM:
SITE:
March 24, 1999
File
Jeanette Stanley
Environmental Chemist
NC Superfund Section
····:.·.;i-·· .. · l
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. . . \
Cristex Drum Site \
NCO 001 606 250
Oxford, Granville County, North Carolina
I calculated the mean annual discharge of the strlams in the surface water pathway by using
the mean annual runoff multiplied by the drainage area\and divided by 13.58. The mean annual
runoff was determined by accessing the Map of the Mean Annual Runoff for the Northeastern,
Southeastern, and Mid-Atlantic United States, Water YJars 1951-1980, USGS, Water Resources
Investigations Report 88-4094, 1990; and Drainage Ar~as of Selected Sites on Streams in North
Carolina, USGS Open-File Report 83-211, 1983. I indicated the locations of the stations where
the drainage areas were measured.
Fishing Creek tributary near Oxford (3.20 x 13) / 13.58 = 3.06 cfs
Fishing Creek at Clay (39.4 x 13) / 13.58 = 37.71 cfs
Fishing Creek at mouth near Tar River (46.9 x 13) / 13.58 = 44.90 cfs
Tar River near Wilton (presumably at the location maiked as "gauging station" on the USGS
topographic map, on Rt. 96 just upstream of the\Fishing Creek inflow to the Tar River
(216 x 13) /\ 13.58 = 206 cfs
In order to determine the contributions of incoming streams, Coon Creek was noted to be a major
contributor to the flow of Fishing Creek. At it largest riieasurement, it had a flow of 25.2 x 13
/13.58 = 24.1 cfs, so it can be judged that Fi~hihg c}eek changes flow characteristics from
minimal stream (0 to 10 cfs) to small-to-moderate strealn (10 to 100 cfs) in the vicinity of the ' inflow of Coon Creek, about 4 miles below the PPE. Fishing Creek remains a small-to-moderate
stream until it flows into the Tar River. The Tar River is k moderate-to-large stream (greater than
100 to 1000 cfs) until the end of the surface water pathwky.
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I UNITED .STATES .
' DEPARTMENT OF 'THE ·~NTERIOR
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
DP.AINAGE AREAS OF SELECTED SITES ON STREAMS IN NORTH CAROLINA
By Robert L. Meikle
Open-File Report 83-211
Prepared in cooperation with the
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL
RESOURCES AND COMMUNITY _DEVELOPMENT
s.
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MTH /"1 CLAY. 0208141370 JO~ C AT 1-85 /"1 STEM 0208141390 Ja-,,,,sc::N C"AT MTH AT TAR RI~ Ck.">08141400 AYCOCK C AT TAR RIVER 0208144325 AYCOCK C TRIB /"1 TAR Rl\;ER 0208147150 TAR R TRJB AT SR 1632 NR WILTCN 0208147200 TAR.R"TRIO'.l'l'I WILTON o.:!08147759 TAR R TRIB AT MTH NR CLAY 0208150000 TARR r-1t0TAR RIYER UPPER ➔ 02081 50600 0208151100 0208151600 ➔o.:!08152100 FISHING C TRIS A8 SEWACE ruTFALL AT OXFORD FISHING C NR OXFOOO o.:!081526cO 0208152638 o.:!08152':hl◊ 02081 531,00 0208153650 0208153900 ~ 0208154200 '/ 0208154700 -~ 0208154900 ~ 0208 J 55200 .. .. 020815€-177 02081 56-200 02081S7115 0208157135 0208157155 HACl-€RS RLl'l AT oiFrno FISHING C /"1 CLAY Ccx:l'l C 1-EADWATERS ~ OXFCflO JCflOAN C AT US I 5 /"1 OXFCRO JCRDAN C ~ 1-0RJ\ER COON C AT US 158 i'R OXFrno CCXl'l C AT -~LRR /"1 OXFOOO .. ,.,. ... C!XlN C /"1 OXFrno' t.~;: F!SHINC C AT CLAY FISHING C A8 SE0./"1 oxFrno. FISHING C AT MTH /"1 TAR RIVER TARR /"1 WILT~ , SANO C AT'~ .. 1623 AT WtL Tc:r,,I SA.'«) C r,Jt TAR RIVER GIBBS C AT FAIRPC:llT Gl□BS C TRIS-AT FAIRPOOT ,GIBB~ C 0TRIEI /"1 FAIRPOOT 0208157200 · CI085 C NR FAIRPOOT -:,:. • r-:p;. ,. 020815814<t FOAO CAT NC,56 /"1 WILTClN ~ ~ 02081S8177 FOOD C AT,SR,.1629 /"1 WILTCN;.., 0208158200 FCRO C /"1 WILTO'<I ·. •· •• :~:,.. Oc!?~.158213 Fffi~;C,,TRIB ~ W~LT~,.. • " oa681'sa2i5 A:vm· C"·AT MTH~-1"1 w1L Tm ,. -:,·,·. 02081S8SOO TAR R AT SR ,1203 NR KITTRELL 0208159152. MIDDLE C l'fl.POCD'O<E .• !tJ., , , •., 020815'3168. MIDDLE c:AT SR 1200 NR FRAl',t{LJNTON 02<?8159200 MIOOLE c•/"1 i=:Rl>U(LINTCN -..S.'.;.,· I>'<!". 0208159211 Oc!OBIE.0400 0208!E.04!5. 0208160450 0208165a50. ' CE~ ~c· ; . P"82or-ou::'··;:: . • ;f;~_.--,j F-'.:. •MCGEE C"/"1. FRANKUNTc:r,,1 ~ei_~~ ~T A~~~T~ t!~~~~~CN j:,/ TA8D~_,C A.T,£AM .1"1.;,0XFa~D -:,;,_~~;,., ! • -~-· ... , (;, -~• .. ,. . t;,:•. ii. ·a"' _-c. ·r·:, '•.! -~-.. t"··, TAR RIVER ORAINACE , AREA ISO Mil 4.44 6.49 2.40 3.48 2,24 1.91 18.8 2.89 26,0 6.07 7. 72 17.S 3, 19 54.E. 5.40 8.42 ,. " lQ. I 23.8 81.5 E..49 15.6 21.1 !OS. 5. 07 3.40 6.90 122. 2.87 5,49 3.91 3. 44 ,as. 140. 1. 16 '·"' 5.09 6.57 1.31 '·"' "'" 2. 72 2.48 4.91 L28 167. ,.20 e..e.5 L90 12.8 7.90 '·'" 9.04 20.0 22.2 I SITE T,YPE LAo '"" ', c'I,•.,. , ........ OUAD >WE .··.·:-,?:;. :-;. :-··-!,;,;·· • -~ .,,.,. '~ . :.-\j OZ 3e.23{9 ,f.705041 ·, ROXBORO 20 362214 78S037 ROXBOOO 20r-·3e.220a •· 78502S 'ROXBOOO :: 20 36-2210 785000 • ROXBCRO 20 362135 784843 'Rox0rno 20 ~i~~-;~;~78~d57 · ROXBOOO OZ 362136. 784837 ROXSCflO 20 362005'1 784543.--.ROXBOOO :1 20 ·36200(,... 784606 ROX8000 . ! i· 20 361744 784831 ROXBOOO 1 20 le.1921 ,.784710 ',R□xaooi:J 20 361919 . 784602 ROX8CRO 20 361805 784418 •'OXFCRO 02 361 728 ,784340 OXFCRO 20 362322 784510 · ROXBORO •' •· 20 362119 784433 OXFffiD 20 ""'""' 784315 OXFOOO 20 361952 784347 OXFCRD 03 361847 : 784316 OXFOOO 02 361731 7842a'3 OXFOOD 20 362044 '784008\ OXFOOD 20 361857 784139 • OXFOOD OZ ·_361758 ''.784204 fOXFffiO ., :-.. · 20 361628 784133;,0XFOOD • ~-~~ 20 I 361600 '~•784006<';0XFOOD··,J.J,\" 02 ·361528 1•17B43~~~~x;~~;~-~ ? 20 361 524 784026 OXFOOO • 20 361450'' 78395'3 ,·STEM 20 361420 •.-784255 -STEl'I · • Y., · 20 3E.1415 783949;, STEM. ;. .. ,:-{ ,• . ·(·• 20 3614()3 .,,783949;:STEM . 1: 20 3613S9 783859 STEM 20 36135S 783900•;STEM 20 361317 783738 .STEM 20 361404 783713 WILTON ·:-,1 .•~ 20 3E,1322 783632 WILTCN 02 361315 783633 WILTON 20 <3611ss~ 783701 WILTON 20 361252 784010: STEM 20 3611S0 783810 SITM Ga .-361146 •·783750 .STEM 20 361132 783653 WILTCN 20 361010 7835S9 WILTCN 02 361053 783534 WILTON 20 361145 783S16 WILTON 01 361141 .· \03soo 02 3E.174S ,WlLTrn .. •, 78350S OXFOOD 783530 .:.OXFORD 783720 · OXFOOO 783S08 : OXFOOD 11 JE,JE,34_. 03 361756 11 36154S 20 362036 ~ 783337 OXFORD 20 362007 783538 OX~ORD 20 361923 •,7834351 CXFCRD. ~ ;~~~:-:i:~~~. g::~g ;•~~-: ' , COU'>ITY. ·cOOE ....... -· .. ~, 145·. '" · 145 ·. · • 145 ,., , 14S . ~-14~ '" ,; 077 077 , 14S , ~077 077 077 ,077 ·.077 '0'7, 0'7 ~ 077 1•077 :·1077 -, ~\077 077 -,-077 "• -i,': gii-:--. ,,:::. ,· •'. ·, 1077. .. ·\gii • ·,077_., 077'. ·"' ~ . ;_, .. ' .; ,017 ,. 077 077·. '077 • , 077. . •077 . 077 '. 077~'· , 1077 ;077 .. ,: 1 . :, ,, 1077 077 . 077 ·,077 077 .. 077 on ._,077 •077 .077 ..• 077 077 1077 ·1077 ·'077_. , ,--ttrs .. • -~ ~--; • ~:.,.., •· ,., .:-::..,; 29 25.2 ,.,.. 44. I 4E..9 1,216 • 0.90 '·"' 2.18 1.03 1.63 7. 76 2. 70 s.ss 7.52 1. 37 • 10.8 · 244. · • 3. 14 -'' 5. 31 8.77 2. 15 .•~ L64 2.29 9.47_ . '-56 11 361E.05·. 783405. DXFOOO ,-,\ 20 361517 783449 DXFOOO 20 361322 _;.·,793435 ,WILTCN")O -•• 02 361130 .-,?83408. WILTCN"., '< 02' 3E-112B 783329' WILTON,;,: 20•:·\-3€.091~\7g)~~~1wi~;;;. •:; ::.·: OZ 361058 '783333 '-"WILTrn 20 361309 j-783206 WILTON 1 ,,,.;.--,, 20 361310 783208 .. WILTON 20_!;361135,. 7830SS,11WJLTrn•; •l;,~"-.. , oz :JE.·1·1~J~·i365;':.'~':'t.;~: r .-.'."~ ~ • 20 • 360808 . 78331&" ;WILTO>l ' 20. 360847 { 783234'i.'WH:.TCN ·, ?..:..".',·. , !j02•.,36091& !783135 ·WlLTCN , ,1".•,~,:1J 20. -~~:5,}~} r~~~.1.2 :/:.L~ .. ~.:-~,..;:r· 20 361030 ;,qa2950_,,.-_KITTRELC ·•r,-,_,; 20 361030 -""782"348:.,KITTRELLJJ. 20 °1, 360655,if.,783110~•;cR ISS(),1;,;t~ n ;~ 20 , 360734 '\ 783035 ~.wu:.TCN ~)· ,1,,..-:.l· 03 '361018 1782915 •KITTRELL:~\t~~.:..:.._,, ·.;, .::.-K.I<\''~1 .· ... n,~;::-; t~i-:• •.•.t·•'.:.·· 20 ··360502·./~?83048~;GRISSOM. ,\,-.,>,; 03.!"3608534!-782849,..'KJTTRELL ... 20 :,lJE.0835~782757,_'.,K ITTRELL'. 'q..r:.•· 20 36094811;782731:csKITTRELL: ~,.;',."· 20•; 361057;1 .793202~,oxFrno,~11 ,,:, t :-i:·t~'\.}/<t.:,~.i}t/;:.;;~·~ •;: ·. J ,, •·• ·1'-i.1,-.... . .; •. ·•4. ,,..,·,),; •. ··_\077 ,' 077 .,·077: -:· '"077·. 077•·~, ... ! ~ ·•077 -:._; 077 :1 ~~' 077, ,._ . 077, ·~, :•. ,r•Q77-,;.'.' er•'.\\', •J":-'l i ... ,.,gg-.;;r ···...;·, ~077, .!1 ,--.1•07,7,:.-J • ! ·t 07.7:~'-' .-.~·-~-:Jrt t-· 181' ) {,<,,:,-',0:"\0G91,~ Cf,';"['",069 . .::J. :-;:;·,-,;~,oe.9 •;:,' ~ ••• ,~,· ..,:;)J.:1' ••<h .•• 069 .. ':0, 069 "T ': • .,,,,.oe.9:r.; ,:,s·:.,'":~069•,!"', ::,.~: ;-: ·:i~~'~;; : .;~ ! ';_:·~ ',(
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. ·. ~.-, .. --.• ·--· ··--· •. -•--•.~~ '! __ ., ·-· ---.•. ·--·----•-._._,. ---·-····-'/
IM] )-\rl' L\N·~, ·c· u·N·r,E·D· .S~[',\'rI'ESI . . . J F L, ·.... I I . . .. · . . 11 . ··•· .,· l'.\. ,
I W KC?t~ YEA:RS l 9 5 J:__:8Q . . .
By·
I ·vviliiarn R. Krllg, Warren A Gebert, DavidJ. Graczyk, U.S. Geological .Survey; · ·
Donalci'L Stevens; Jr., Eastern Oregon State College; .
· Borry P. Rochelle, Northrop Services, Inc.; . I and M. Robbins Church, U.S. Environmental Protecyon Agency~
I p.s. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
I Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-409:
Prepared in cooperation with the . . 1 I U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENC:
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: i .
roe.,;·, An,1ucsJ. Runc,u· ro,-c1·,e t,o, t ,, , , ,,
Southern, an,:) fJJ.d-FltJ.ant.Lc
U·,J.te(l St,-c,s i'o, 41ate, Ye-arc ,q51-ao
u.s GeoJogicaJ Su1·voy
Water Res1Ju1 c,;,s Invest.igat1_01,s
Report B0-4094, 1990
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MEMO
DATE:
TO:
FROM:
SITE:
March 25, 1999
File
Jeanette Stanley
Environmental Chemist
NC Superfund Section
Cristex Drum Site
NCO 001606250.,
Oxford, Granville County, North Carolina
Today, 1 talked with Mr. Jesse Sullins, Oxford City engineer [phone]. He said that
former plans to build a water tower on the Public Services of NC property adjacent to the Cristex
facility had been canceled. The reason for canceli,ng had hothing to do with the proximity of the
Cristex facility. The city wanted a reliable source of 0ater and has since decided to build a
redundant line. They currently get their water from,the To0n of Henderson, which has an intake on
Kerr Lake. Breaks in the line have posed water supply probl~ms in the past, and Oxford decided that
a redundant line was a better investment than a water towe~.
I Mr. Sullins said that the City of Oxford has never disconnected the lagoon from discharge
into the system. The lagoon discharges from the bottom int6 the city sewer, to prevent the discharge
of oil into the city sewer system. He was concerned that sin~e the water level was lower than it was
before that if any oil were floating on the top, it could no«, get into the city system. He plans to
investigate closing the discharge pipe fromthe lagoon.
I asked Mr. Sullins ifhe knew of any discharges from the facility onto the ground behind the
facility. He said he was not aware of any discharges other than to the lagoon.
I asked Mr. Sullins about the three sewage outfalls shown on the 1984 USGS topographic
map. He said that the city no longer uses the two 'discharges closest to Oxford. The two they no
longer use were just upstream of the PPE on the UT to Fishing Creek and just south of Industry
Drive into Fishing Creek. The current outfall for the city is south ofl-85.
Mr. Sullins said that there is one surface water intaJ on the Tar River. It is upstream of the
point of where Fishing Creek enters the Tar River, near the1community of Providence. This intake
is currently inactive. There are no surface water intakes dowhstream of the Fishing Creek confluence
to the Granville County line.
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Ref 31
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KIRK-OTHi\.1':R
I
ENCYCL©PEDIA OF
I
CHEMICAL TECTHNOLOGY
A WILEY-INTERSCIENCE PUBLICATION
John Wiley & Sons
THIF.D EDITION
VOLUME 8
DIURETICS
TO
EMULSIONS
NEW YORK • CHICHESTER • BRISBANE • TORONTO
I
lltorlal Board l! F. Mark, Po/ytec
N York ,n F. Othmer, Potyt,
New York · ,artlG. Overberger, ,
ich n'
Ian . Seaborg, Univ,
3/ifornia; Berkeley
lart Grayson, Executi
avi -ckroth, Associat,
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Copyright© 1979 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. I
All righL'> reserved. Published simuit.aneously in Canada.
R od. · · · r h' 1 epr uctmn or translatmn of any part o t 1s work
beyond that permitted by Sections 107 or 108 of the
1976 United St.ates Copyright Act without the Jermission
of the copyright owner is unlawful. Requests fo~
permission or further information should be addressed to
lhe Permissions Department, John Wiley & So~R, Inc. I
Librar;Y of Congress Cataloging in_Publicatihn Data:
Main entry under title:
Encyclopedia of chemical technology.
At head of title: Kirk-Othmer.
"A Wiley-lnterscience publication."
Includes bibliographies.
I. Chemistry, Technical-Dictionaries. L Kirk,
Raymond Eller, 1890-1957. II. Othmer, Donald° Frederick.
1904-Ill. Grayson, Martin. IV. Eckroth, david.
V. Title: Kirk-Othmer encyclopedia of chemica'I tech-
nology.
'l'P9.EG8.ri Hl78 GG0'.0:~
I SllN 0-471-02044•:l
Printcd·in the United States of America
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Vol. 8 DYE CARRIERS 151
DYE CARRIERS I
Dye carriers are used to achieve complete dye penetJ.tion of polyesler fibers.
They loosen the interpolymer bonds and allow the penetration of water insoluble dyes
into the fiber. I
Carriers are not needed f'or the dyeing of natural fibdrs because natural fibers
have an open, partially hollow structure and are easily peri.etrated by dye snh1tions
in water. · I
· It is difficult for dye solutions in water to penetrate synthetic fibers such as
polyester, cellulose triacetate, polyamides, and polyacrylics which are somewhat hy-
drophobic. The rate of water imbibition differs with each fiber as shown in Table 1
as compared to viscose (see Rayon), which imbibes,water at\the rate of 100% (1). The
reason for the low imbibition rate is the tight fiber structure obtained when the
p~lymeric fibers are drawn. During this drawing operation th1e polymer chains become
highly oriented and tightly packed, forming a structure pr~ctically free of voids.
Of the various synthetic fibers, the polyamide and polyacrylic contain chemically
reactive groups. These can be anionic or cationic in nature. "0nder certain conditions
of temperature and pH, these fibers can be dyed 'with sol\Jble anionic or cationic
dyes. I
The polyester poiymer does not contain an ionic grolp and is hydrophobic.
Therefore, it cannot be dyed with water-soluble ionic dyes. It can be dyed, however,
with certain water-insoluble dyes called disperse dyes (see1 Fibers, man-made and
synthetic; Polyester fibers). I
Disperse dyes are nonionic in nature and dye the polyester fiber through a dif-
fusion mechanism. Prolonged boiling of the dye bath loosenk the forces binding the
polymer chains to each other causing the fiber to swell. Thik allows a limited pene-
tration of the fibe,r surface by the dye. The rate of absorptiori or diffusion of disperse
dyes in polyester is much lower than that on nylon (see Poly~mides) or cellulose tri-
acetate (qv) fibers. This low dyeing rate is too costly to meet thJ economic requirements
of industrial processing. In addition, deep shades are difficult\to achieve and the final
dyeing does not meet the minimum fastness required by commercial standards (see
Dyes, application and evaluation). I
Table 1. Rate of Water lrnbibition of Fibers Compared to ViscoS_e ~
S1ibstrate, fiber
viscose
acetate
triocetate
polyamide
polyacrylic
polyester
polypTopylene
a Hef. 1.
Waterl
imbibitiol) %
1001 25
10
11-13
8-10
3
0
' ' ~
~
~r ~ .'I ··,k~
'
. '(]) Ci,'\·• ·r-' -. ·\1 .!\ \"': ,-.. --'
152 DYE CARRIERS
Deep shades and full fastness1properties on polyester can be achieved using dis-
perse dyes and carriers, or temperatures over 100°C with or without carriers.
Dye carriers, occasionally called dyeing accelerants, are used on cellulose triacetate fibers but have found their greates( use in the dyeing of polyester. Many theories have been advanced to explain the mechanism of carrier dyeing. One of these is based on the ability of carriers to solubilize di!3perse dyes. This theory is untenable because many organic solvents do this and yet do not exhibit carrier properties. Another theory suggests that the carrier c.oats the!individual fibers, forming a layer through which the dye transfers to the fiber. Still another suggests that the carrier loosens the binding forces holding the polymer chains tbgether, thus providing suitable spaces for the dye molecules. I
An excellent discussion of these theories is given by a research committee of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (2). Although a much better understa~ding of the subj~ct has b'.een gained, no universal agreement exists on the
mechanism of carrier dyeing. I
Many substances show carrieribehavior. Of these, some have found more accep-tance than others for various reasons among which are: availability, cost, toxicity, ease of handling, odor, etc. · \
Most carriP.rs are ar<.1rnatic compounds and have similar solubility parameters to the poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers and to some disperse dyes (3).
There are many che"{icals the1oretically suitable as carriers. The boiling point is one of the major criteria in selection. If it is too low, the compound will ev~porate from the dyebath at dyeing temper~tures and will be lost before it is effective in its role as a carrier. It may also steam distill, condense on the cooler parts of the equip-ment, and cause drips which will spot the fabric. On the other hand, if the boiling point . ' is too high, the compound cannot be removed from the fabric under normal plant drying conditions and will affect lightfastness of finished goods, leave residual odor, and possibly cause skin irritation t6 the wearer.
o-Phenylphenol was one of thJ earliest carrier-active compounds of industriai use. Originally it was used as its wath-soluble sodium salt (4). By lowering the pH of the dye bath, the free phenol was prJcipitated in fine form and made ·available to the fiber. However, proprietary liquid prJparations containing the free phenol are available today that afford a greater ease of handling. ··
Table 2 lists the four major grtiups of some of the compounds most commonly
used as dye carriers. \
In order for these compounds to act effectively as carriers, thev must be homo-geneously dispersed in the dyebath. Because the carrier-active comr;ounds have lit.tie
or n-:: solubility in water, erriulsifiers\are needed to disperse these compounds in the dyebath (see Emulsions). I
Proper emulsificati(rn is essential to the satisfactory µerformance of a carriH. A well-forr:nulated carrier will readil,Y disperse when poured into water. It will form a milky eml1lsion up(~n agitation or steaming. It should not cause oil separation upon heating or ·crystallization and sedimJntation upon cooling.
· ivlahy proprietary carriers are a~ailable as solids (flakes or pellets) or in preem-ulsified form. These present some difficulties in the dyehouse. The former require dispersion in water through steam inj~ction and addition to a preheated dyebath. The latter suffer from short storage life o0ing to separation of the emulsion. Currently the industry prefers clear products easily\emulsified by premixing with water at the time of use.
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Vol. B
Table 2. Compounds MoSI Commonly U.~ed as Dye Carriers
Phenolic compounds
o-phenylphenol
p-phcnylphenol
methyl cresot.inate
Chlorinated aromatic compowid1,
o-dichlorobenzene
1,3,5-trichlorobenzene
Aromatic hydrocarbon8 and ether.~
bi phenyl
methyl hi phenyl
diphenyl oxide
1-methyl naphth;:dene
2-methyi11aphthalene
.Aromatic eNlers
methyl henzoate
butyl benzoate
benzyl benzoatc
l'hthafotes
dimethyl phthalate
diethyl phthalate
rliallyl pht.halatc
dimethyl terephthalate
CAS Registry No.
[9/J-4.'1-7]
[92-69-31
12:J287-26-!i]
)95-50-1)
[108-7/J-.'ll
[92-52-41
[28652-72-4 I
[101-84-81
[90-12-0I
[91-57-61
[9.'1-58-3]
1136-60-7]
1120-51-1]
11:11-J l-3]
184-66-21
1131-17-9]
[120-61-6]
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DYE CARRIERS 153
molwt. hp, °C
170.2 280-28·1
170.2 :1os-008
JGG.0 240
147.0 172-178
181.45 214-219
15,1,2 25fi.9
168.24 25,\.,1
170.0 259.0
142.2 24•1.6
142.2 241
1:36.14 198-200
178.22 250
212.24 323-:l24
194.18 298
212.18 298
246.25 290
194.18 284
Manufacturing of the flake and pellet forms reqilires melting of the various components. The mass solidifies upon cooling and can be flaked or pelletized according
ton~d. I
The preemulsified carriers contain water. These products usually require ho-mogenization through colloid~! mills or similar equipmeht to reduce the particle size and ultimately stabili?.e the product. The preemulsifiJd as well as the clear self-emulsifying products require the use of a solvent when the carrier-active material is a solid. I
Carrier Formulalion
The formulation of a carrier depends on three basic-ingredients: (I) the carrier-active chemical compound; (2) the emulsifier; ;nd (3) special additi{es. Additional
parameters to be considered in the formulation of a carrier product with satisfactory
and repeatable performance are provided by the equipm1ent in which the dyeing op-eration is to be carried out. The choice of equipment is u1sually dictated by the form in which the fiber substrate is t.o be processed (eg, loose 1fiber, staple, continuous or texturized filament, woven or knit fabric, yarn on packJges or in skeins) (see Tex-
tiles). \ The carrier-active chemical is selected according to its effectiveness ai various temperatures. Members of the phenolic group (Table 2), considered to be st.ranger carriers, are employed for formu.lations to be used in open equipment at the boil.
Weaker carriers such as the members of the aromatic ester group, are utilized generally
for high temperature dyeing. I
171 cu ~ ~:-,
I ft
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••
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Vol. 8 DYES, APPLICATION AND EVALUATION 281
hundred of which have found their way to large-scale pr?duction and industrial ap-
plication. However, one can expect that this process will slow down in the near future
as development of new dyes becomes more expensive, ana as safety, health, and eco-
logical restraints become more stringent. J
Dyeing describes the imprintation of a new and often1permanent color, especially
by impregnating with a dye and is generally used in conriection with textiles, paper,
and leather. Printing may be considered as a special dyeihg process by which the dye
is applied in locally defined areas in the form of a thickened solution and then is
fixedG. JI d . d. · I d d' I · 1· · 1 I d' I f b · .. d enera y yes are 1sso ve or 1spersec ma 1qwc me lllm )e ore emg applle
to a substrate into which they are fixed by chemical or physical me,,.ns, or both. Owing
to its suitability, its availability, and its economy, water hsually is the medium used
in dye application; however, nonaqueous solvents have been studied extensiv'3ly in
recent years (see Dye carriers). I
Textile substrates can be classified in three groups: cellulosic, protein, and syn-
thetic polymer fibers. The first two are of hydrophilic n~ture and the last is of hy-
drophobic nature. Cellulosic fibers are vegetable fibers, suJh as cotton (qv), linen, jute,
(see Fibers, vegetable), and regenerated cellulose fibers ~uch as rayon (qv). Protein
fibers comprise wool (qv), silk (qv), and various animal :hair fibers. The synthetic-
polymeric fibers can be classified according to their ionicjproperties: nonionic fibers
are cellulose acetate and triacetate (qv), and conventional polyester fibers (qv); cationic
fibers are polyamides (qv) and anionic fibers are polyacrylonitriles (see Acrylonitrile
polymers). . . I
Even and economical distribution of a small amount of dye (generally <::3 wt%
of goods) throughout the substrate and fixation of the dyk are the keys to dyeing, ie,
' with regard to fastness to washing and to other deteriorating influences.
Production of dyeings of acceptable quality requireJ the use of many auxiliary
products and chemicals. These include chemicals that iri"lprove fastness properties
such as bleaching agents, wetting and penetrating agents, le~eling and retarding agents,
and lubricating agents. Other agents speed the dyeing prcicess or are used for disper-
sion, oxidation, reduction, or removal of dyes from poorl~ dyed textiles.
Dyes of similar or identical chromophoric class are used for widely differing ap-
plications and, therefore, are classified according to thdir usage rather than their
chemical constitution. As all dyes are water ;oluble at onJ stage of their application,
it is also convenient to classify them according to their sblubility groups; these can
be permanent or temporary: I
Permanent solubilizing group Types of dye
-SO3Na acid, direct, mordant, fiber reactive
-OH, -NH2, -SO2NH2 disperse
-NH3CJ-, -NR3CJ-basic I
Temporary solubilizing group Types of dye
-ON a vat, insoluble azo
-OSO:iNa solubilized vat
Dyes with.identical or similar solubilizing groups generJUy display similar dyeing
behavior even though their main structure may vary substantially. Another important
consideration of the use of a given dye for a specific appliJation is the fastness prop-
erties obtained. Detailed information as to the applicaticin and fastness properties
of commercial dyes is found in the pattern cards issued by their manufacturers.
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282 DYES, APPUCA TION f ND EVALUATION . . . . .
The following class1f1cat10n of colorants for dyemg 1s used:.:.acli!.,:_bas1c, direct,
disperse, insoluble azo, sulfur, \vat, fiber-reactive, miscellaneous dyes, and pigments.
Acid dyes have free acid groups in the ionized state in the dye bath and are normally
applied from an acidic dyebath\on wool, silk, and polyamides. Basic dyes have cationic
groups in the ionized state in the dyebath and are applied on acrylic and other fibers
which have structural anionic 1groups. Direct dyes slain cellulosic fibers and do nol
require mordants. They are applied from salt-containing baths; the salt increases their
affinity for the fiber. Disperse dyes are sparingly soluble in water and are applied as
dispersions. Their transport td the fiber, however, is in monomolecularly dissolved
form. Their greatest usage is ori polyester fibers. Insoluble azo dyes are produced in
situ by depositing in the fibef a temporarily solubilized phenolic compound and
subsequently coupling the phenhl with a diazonium salt. Fiber-reactive dyes are water
soluble anionic dyes containing a reactive group that can form a covalent bond with
a compatible group (typically with the hydroxyl groups of cellulose) on the substrate.
Sulfur dyes, many compositionJ of which are still unknown, have affinity to cellulose
in an alkaline reducing bath. After oxidation these dyes become insoluble and fixed ' on the fiber. Vat dyes are applied in a similar manner. They are insoluble in waler and
are applied as dispersions. The/are then reduced in an alkaline bath, where they form
the leuco compound which is w~ter soluble and has affinity for cellulosic and other
fibers. By oxidation they again become insoluble and are fixed to the substrate. Mis-
cellaneous dyes include oxidati6n dyes and natural dyes both of which have limited
commercial application. Pigmerits are not dyes. However, pigment-dyeing and pig-
ment-printing are important cokmercial processes in which insoluble colorants are
applied to textile materials and are attached by a physical process with binders
(comparable to painting) (see Pigments; Printing processes).
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Theories of Dyeing I .
The fact that dyes in solution in the dye bath leave the bath and are sorbed by
the fiber material during the ciyeing process has been of interest to chemists and
physicists for many years. Theories of dyeing to describe the sorption (or desorption)
process and the resulting dye-fiber bonds, using the tools of thermodynamics, have
increased in complexity over the\years. Furthermore, it must be recognized that the
dyeing process is dynamic in nature. It normally entails changes in the dyeing tem-
perature, the dye concentration,\the bath composition, and the fiber structure. Al-
though aspects of the dyeing process can be accurately described with modern theories
and related models, a complete de~cription of the dyeing process at the molecular level
is still unavailable. I
Affinity and diffusion are fundamental aspects of the dyeing process. The former
describes the force by which the dye is attracted by t.he fiber, and the latter describes
the speed with which it travels within the fiber from areas of higher concentration to
areas of lower concentration. Alon1e or tcigether with fiber characteristics, affinity and
diffusion determine the speed of <lYeing, its temperature dependency, the equilibrium
exhaustion of the <lye, and some Of its fastness properties.
Two fundamental dyeing pr6cesses have been distinguished: the nonionic and
I.he ionic dyeing processes. The f6rmer refers lo the dyeing of synthetic fibers such
as polyester, nylon and triacetate ·'by disperse dyes. It is governed, as a first approxi-
mation, by diffusion behavior acc~ording to Fick's second law and by a Nernst-type
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Vol. 8 DYES, APPLICATION AND' EVALUATION 295
Modacrylic fibers, such as Dyne! (Union Carbide CheLicals Co.) and Vere!
(Tennessee Eastman Co.), contain less than 85 but at least 35%\by weight acrylonitrile
units (see Acrylic and modacrylic fibers). Fabrics made from th,ese fibers arc prepared
for dyeing in a manner similar to that of the straight acrylicS.I
Cotton. Collon (qv) fibers are coated with natural waxes and pectins, which are
water-insoluble hut removable by aqueous alkalies or by solveAt-dewaxing processes.
Removal of these impurities improves the absorbent propertie1s of the natural cotton
and its receptivity lo dyestuffs. The whiteness of the cotton \is improved and seed
particles are destroyed by caustic boil-off and bleaching oper~lions. Collon may be
made suitable for dyeing in a variety of forms, such as raw stock, yarn, or piece goods.
Raw stock is normally dyed without thorough dewaxing, since\the natural waxes aid
in subsequent spinning operations. Surfactants are employed to aid the penetration
of dyestuffs through the protective waxes. Flaws i:i the dye IJvelness are overcome
by subsequent carding. Yarn is normally boiled to drive off vol'atiles prior to dyeing.
Hard-twisted ply yarns are frequently given a kier-boiling prioi to dyeing to improve
levelness. Careful preparation of cotton piece goods is essentikl to achieve suitable
dye penetration, fastness, and general appearance. Fabric bonstruction dictates
whether the fabrics will be processed in rope or open-width fonris. Heavy piece goods,
which are suhject to rubs and crease marks, and certain other c1onstructions must be
handled in open width. \
The first s:ap in the preparation is singeing which removes lint and fuzz from the
fabric surface. The goods are then impregnated with an enzymri solution to effect so-
lubilization of the sizing. Enzyme solutions are not necessary ~hen only poly(vinyl
alcoholfsizing is used. However, most frequently, starch sizes Jre used as extenders
for poly(vinyl aicohol) sizing and it is necessary to use enzyme 'solution. New devel-
opments in sizing have been made to utilize poly(vinyl alcohol) sizing, and subsequent
scouring units are constructed to reclaim the sizing material foJ reuse. Desizing may
be accomplished by pad-batch, jig, or pad-steam techniques. Material that must be
handled in open width requires hot scouring on jigs or on open-wiilth boil-off machines
in 10-12° Twad caustic soda containing a surfactant. Materials\which may be roped
are scoured continuously with caustic or soda ash in rope-soaping machines. The goods
are then rinsed, scoured with acetic acid, rinsed, and dried. \
Before dyeing in light shades, the goods should be bleached with hydrogen per-
oxide and caustic soda to bleach the motes. This operation help~ also in the removal
of trace impurities which remain after boil-off. Although kiers are\still used for boil-off
and bleaching, they have been replaced largely by steam-heated.J-boxes or steamers
which allow continuous processing and reduction of processing lime.
Mercerizing is accomplished by passing the cotton fabric thrbugh 15-30% caustic
soda. Improved luster and increased dye affinity results. The faoric is normally held
under tension during processing. [n order to obtain cotton stretch f1brics, men:erization
is carried out on fabric in a slack condition. Recently a mercerizafion technique using
liquid ammonia, has been introduced. \
Polyamides. Polyamides (qv) are thermoplastic fibers that retain the form pro-V
duced by heat treatment. They are usually given an alkaline scou~ and then heat-set.
The heat-setting treatment is conducted at ca 10°C above the sibsequent wet-pro-
cessing steps; this ensures good form retention after processingJ Woven fabrics are
usually heat-set on a contact heat-setting machine and nylon tricot 'is generally heat-set
' on a tenter frame having either Calrod units (heating element, General Electric
Company) or steam chambers. I
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Vol. 8 DYES, APPLICATION AND EVALUATION 297
Viscose Rayon. Viscose rayon (qv), because of its 1lw wet strength, must be
processed under minimum tension at all stages of prepaiation. Skeins contain few
impurities and require only light scouring. Piece goods m~y contain starch or sizing
compounds, which were applied prior to weaving, and m1ay require an open-width
enzyme desizing followed by scouring, either in open width hr in rope form, depending
upon fabric construction and weight. I
Certain new types of staple rayon, known as high1wet-modulus rayons, are
characterized by high strength 'and high wet modulus with low elongation. Fabrics
prepared from this type of rayon are readily stabilized dirriensionally by Sanforizing.
In general. fabrics may be prepared for dyeing by scouririg in mildly alkaline syn-
thetic-surfactant solutions. i
Wool. Raw wool (qv) must be cleaned before it can be efficiently carded, combed,
otherwise processed, or dyed. Loose wool, as obtained from the sheep, contains 30-80%
impurities consisting of wool grease, dried perspiration (suint), dirt, seeds, and burrs.
Methods of scouring the wool vary widely, depending upori the type of wool and the
amount and types of soil. The equipment for washing wi>ol by the countercurrent
method usually consists of four to five bowls in sequence, :each ca a meter deep and
fitted with 38-cm-deep perforated trays which support the tool. Forks keep the wool
moving along toward heavy squeeze rollers which are located at the end of each bowl
and are designed to squeeze out dirty liquor before the woi>l is passed on to the next
bowl. Soap and soda ash, historically used for wool scouring, 'iargely have been replaced
by nonionic surfactants with or. without soda ash. In ordei to prevent harshening of
the wool, soda ash percentages are kept at a minimum. S~ouring temperatures are
normally 45-60°C, depending upon the system and type of wool to be cleaned.
Acid (Anionic) Dyes
The most common fiber types to be dyed with acid dyes are (in sequence of their
importance): polyamide, wool, silk, modified acrylic, and pcilypropylane fibers as well
as blends of the aforementioned fibers with other fibers, eJch as cotton, rayon, poly-
ester, regular acrylic, etc. Approximately 80-85% of all acid d°yes sold to the U.S. textile
industry are used for dyeing nylon, 10-15% for wool and tr!e balance for those fibers
mentioned above. Acid dyes are organic sulfonic acids; th1e commercially available
forms are usually their sodium salts, which exhibit. good wkter solubility.
According to their structure, acid dyes belong to the f6llowing chemical groups:
azo (qv); anthraquinone (qv); triphenylmethane (qv); pyrJzolone; azine (qv); nitro;
and quinoline (qv). Azo dyes represent the largest and most important group and are
followed by anthraquinone and t.riarylmethane dyes. Of the other dye groups, very
' few products are of any commercial value. •,
Acid dyes can be divided int.a four groups:
(J) These are the level dyeing acid dyes with one sulfonic acid group. They offer
excellent leveling, migration and, coverage of barre propertiek. Fastness to light is very
good, while the wetfastness properties in heavier shades geAerally are only marginal.
The latter can be improved with an aftertreat.ment of eitheritannic acid/tartiir emetic
or any at.her synthetic aftertreating agent. The dyes of this group should be used when
wetfastness properties are of no ,major concern and when 1emphasis is put. on good
dyeing performance, such as coverage of barre. Typical reJresentatives are CI Acid
Yellow 49, CI Acid Red 337 and CI Acid Blue 40. They can 'be used for dyeing of ap-
parel, knit goods, carpet., upholstery, etc.
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Vol. !I DYES, APPLICATION AND EVALUATION 337 I Class I. 2% Alizarine Red S (topchrome) [130-22-3] (Cl 58005); Class 3. 2% Acid Cy-
anine (dyed acid) [6448'97-I [ (C[ 50230); and Class .5. 2% -~lizarine lrisol R (dyed acid)
[-1430-18-6] (Cl 607:J0). \
Crocking (AA TCC 8-1974/116-1974) (ANSI l 14.72-1973/ ANSI l 14.212-1973). This
lest determines the fastness of a dyestuff to either wet '"!dry rubbing.
Procedure. The test specimen is placed on the base of the Cruckmeter (Atlas
' Electric Devices Co., Chicago, Ill.) and a square of white test cloth is rubbed on the
colored specimen by means of I.he Crockmeter finger (dry'test cloth for dry crocking;
test cloth wet out in distilled water for wet test; wet picku\,, 65 ± 5%). The sample is
rubbed twenty times; after this, the staining of the white Cloth is determined.
Classification and Evaluation. Staining is graded by usJ of the AATCC Chromatic
Transference Scale or the Gray"Scale for ·Evaluating Staiiiing.
Degumming (AATCC 7-1975) (ANSI L 14.4-1973). Thisl lest is applicable lo dyed
silk yarn which may be subjected to a degumming operatioA (boil-off in soap solution)
during manufacture. I
Procedure. The dyed yarn is braided with undyed gum-silk yarn and boiled for
2 h in a 0.5% soap solution at a constant 100:1 liquor rat.io,\then rinsed cold, and air-
dricd. \
Evaluation and C/Jssification. Alterations in color or staining of undyed silk are
' observed and rated by comparison with dyed standards or by use of the Gray Scale
for Evaluating Staining or the AATCC Chromatic Transfrirence Scale.
Standards. The standards are dyed as follows: Cla1ss 3. 5% Indigo MLB/6!3
Powder [6417-56-7] (Cl 73075). Class 5. 5% Indigo MLB/413 Powder [2475-31-2] (CI
73065). . I
Drycleaning (AATCC 132-1976) (ANSI l 14.241-1970). This test indicates the effect.
of repeated commercial drycleanings, using perchloroethylehe as solvent, on dyed and
' printed fabrics. It is applicable for evaluating the colorfastness of all fibers, fabrics,
and yarns which are intended for apparel or household ust and which are likely to
he commercially drycleaned. The test is not. intended lo evaluate the durability of any
finish, or applied flock, or metallic designs. Nor does it evalu~te the resistance of colors
lo spot or stain-removal procedures (see Drycleaning). I ·
Procedures. Samples (10 cm X 4 cm) are placed in a 10 cm X 10 cm bag ofundyed
' cotton twill fabric together with 12 stainless steel disks 30 ± 2 mm diameter and 3 ±
0.5 mm thickness. Samples are run with 200 mL perchloro~thylene for 30 min at 30
± 2°C, after which they are blotted and air-dried. \
Evaluation and Classification. Samples are evaluated for color change by com-
parison with t.he Gray Scale for Evaluating Change in Colot.
Fulling (AA TCC 2-1975). Fulling is a finishing process fcir woolen cloth involving
1.he effect of heal, moisture, soap, and mechanical pounding. The purpose of this
process is lo shrink the cloth by felting action and thus make it firmer and thicker.
The fulling test is devised for evaluating the colorfastness of dyed wool fabrics or yarns
lo mill-fulling. \
Procedure. Two-gram dyed wool and two-gram white test cloth are formed into
a bag, dyed sample inside. Then 6.3-mm steel balls are placied inside the bag. Tests
are carried out under controlled conditions as shown in Table 4, in the_Launder-Ometer
using 20-cm st.eel tubes and 8 mL of solution. Yarns may be braided with wbite wool
or other yarn. I
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\
THE\
MERCK I1DEX
AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF
CHEMICALS, DRUGS, AND 1J101loc1cALS
I
!':.li'JUC HEALl"H tlBRAR'll"'---
O'i'/ISION OF HEALTH S£RVTCES
e,. O. BOX 2091 \ .
'll\Ll::!G~l. NORtH CAROLINA 27(JO:,
'
' '
I
TENTH EDITION \
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\
Martha Windholz, Editor \
Susan lludavari, Co-Editor
Rosemary F. Blumctti, Associate Editor
Elizabeth S, Otterbein, Assistant Editor
I
Pab!islted by \
MERCK & CO., lNC.
RAHWAY, N.J , U.S.A.
1983
I
·}·rcp1:~:
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,1sol in ::;.;;
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Acetylene DichlJide 87
hp30 142-l4J": hp11 lJ0-!32°; hp: 107-108°. 11f? 1.4562 leavcs\of Digiruli.1· fcrrugineu L., Scrvphulariaccac. The a•
(K11unyan1z <'I al.): nf? 1.4590 (Fcofilakwv <'I al.). Acquires form can be obt,iined from acctykhgito)(.in-{1 by healing in
a blue to bluish•purplc color whci1 in contuct with iron. an anhydrous or nq organic solvent at pl-I J.S to 8: Stoll,
USE: l11 .~ynthcsis of 3,4-tfaubstitutcd pyriclincs; of 5-({1-Kn:is_,\U.S. pa1. 2,776,963 (\957 to Sandoz).
hydrnxcthyl)-4-methy!thianllc Coutirm: Irritating to skin, a-Form, An·lani,I. P!atdcts from mcthnno\. mp 217~221°.
nmcous membrane\. f,.H? -t~5.0" (c ·= 0.7 in pyridine). Sligh_dy sol in chloroform.
{'i-Flirtn, stout, solvated prisms from methanol losing their
:.o!vent' of crystn in desiccator. Whcn dry. dee 225°. (o:Hr + 16.7°1 (pyridine). One gram dissolves in 7 ta 9 ml chloro-
lorm, in ! 50 ml methanol, in 220 ml amyl ulc: almost insol
in c!hef, water (one gram dissolves in 200 liters H 20 at 20°).
79, Acctyl Chloride. C,l·tJClO; mo! w1 78.50. C
30.60%, H 3.85%, Cl 45.17%, 0 20.38%. Cll3COCL Prepd
r10111 acc1ic ncid <.rnd chlorine in the presence of phosphorus;
fr-0111 acclic acid and ,;alls of ch!oro~uHonic acid; from smli-
um acl!lalc and sulfury! chloride. Dctuil.~ of prcpn: Gattcr-
111a11n-\Viclaud, l'ruxis des Orgut1i.~che11 Chemikers(de Gruy-
ccr. llcr!in, 40!h ed., 1961) p 111; A. I. Vogel. l'mcticvl Or-
ga,rir: C/wmistry (Lo11gnu111s, London, 3rd ed., !959) p 367.
Lah prcpu from acetic anhydride and ciilcium chloride:
Gmiindcr, /Je/1•. Chim. Acw36, 2021 (l'J53).
Flan1111abk liquid; pungent odor. J~)aremely irriwring ro
the cy,•s. Imparts a green tinge to a colurlc.\S flame. d 1.1{}4,
mp -11r. hp 52'. 11/r l.389~. Decompm,ed violently hy
water (lr ale. Miscible wi-:l: hen;,cne, chloroform, ether, gla-
cial acetic acid, pctr ether. Prorect from waler.
USE: Acctylating agent; in testing for cholesterol, deter-
mination of 1120 in orgnnic liquids. Caution: Irritant, cor-
rosive. Causes severe bur;•·;, Avoid contact with skin, eyes,
n1w:(n1s membranes.
80, Acetylcholine Bromide. 2-(Acet~'luxv)•N,N,l\'-rri-
1111•rhvf..tlu11uimi11iu111 J,romide; l'ragmo!in~; T0nocbolin B.
C7H 1•6BrNO;; mol wt 226.14. C 37.18%, H 7.13%, Br
35.J4%, N 6.20%, 0 14.15%. (Cll3)3N(Br)CH1CI-lpOC-
CI 13. From trimcthylar,;inc and /3-hromocthyl acetate:
Fourneau, Page, Bull. Soc. Chim. France [4] JS, 544 0914).
Ddiquc~c crystals. Veiy soluble in cold water; decom-
posed by hot water or alkalies; soluble in alcohol; practically
inso! in ether. Keep tigllf!y clo.~ed.
!![EH.Al' CAT: Cholinergic.
81, Acetylcholine Chloride. 2-(Acetylllxy)-N,N,N-tri-
m1•tl1vfrtlu11111mi11ium chloricle; Acecoline; Arterocoline;
Miod10l; OvisoL C7H 11,ClNOz; mol wt 181.68. C 46.28%.
H 8.88%, Cl 19.52%. N 7.71%, 0 17.61%. (CH3\N(Cl)Cl·l2-
Cl-l2OOCCllj. l'repd frc-m trimcthylamine nnd /3-chloro-
ethy! act!latc: Fourneau, !'age, Rull. Soc:. Chim. France l4}
15, 544 (1914).
Crystalline powder, very delique:,ccnt. mp 149-152°. Very
sol in cnld wi1h:r, alcohol: decomposed by hot water or'aika-
lies. l'rnctically insol in ether. Keep tighrly closed. LD50 s.c.
in rats: 250 mg/kg.
TIIERAP CAT: Cholin<:rgic.
82. Acctylcysteine, S-Arety/-1.-cy.Heinc; 1.-n-acetami-
do-(J-mercaptopropionic acid; N-acetyl -3-rncrcnptoalanine;
Airhron: Broncholysin: F!uimucil: Fluimucetin; lnspir;
Mucolyticum; Mucomyst; Mucosolvin; NAC: Parvolex;
Respaire (obsolete). C5H9N03S; mol wt 163.20. C 36.79%,
II 5.56%, N 8.58'i'n, 0 29.41%, S 19.65%. l'repn: Smith,
Gorin, J. Org. Chem. 26,820 (1961), Prepn and use in treat-
ment of respiratory diseases: Martin, Waller, U.S. pi1t.
3,184,505 (1965 to Mead Johnson). Review: G. R. McKin-
ney, G. M. Sis:.on, in Pharmacological and Biochemical Prop-
er1ies of Drug Substances vol. 2, M. E. Goldberg, Ed. (Am.
Phann. Assoc., Washington, DC, 1979) pp 479-488.
HSCH2CHCOOH I NHCOC\13
Crystals from water, mp 109-110~. LDso orally in rats:
5050 mg/kg, E. I. Golde111hal, Tuxicol. Appl. Plwrmacol. 18,
185 (197!).
ntERA!' CAT: Mucolytic.
!HERA1• CAT: Cardiotonic.
I 84, Acetylene. Ethy11c;cthine. Czl-ii; mu! wt 26.02. C
92.26%,1 H 7.74%. 1-IC=:::CI I. Manuf from calcium carbide
and waler: Eastm;rn, U.S. pat. 3,017,259 (1962 to Texaco);
from rn'cthanc: Anderson, U.S. pat. 3,051,639 (!962 to
Union Carbide). Review of manuf proce~ses: Faith, Keyes
& Clark's Industrial Chemicals, F. A. Lowenhcim, M. K.
Moran,.Ed~. (Wilcy-lnterscience, New York, 4th ed., 1975)
pp 26-35. Review: Nicuwland, Vogt, The Chemistry of
Acetylen'e (Reinhold, New York, 1945) pp 1-219. Compre-
hensive ITlonograph in 2 vols: S. A. Mi!ler, Acetylene (Aca-
demic p;•ess, New York, 1965); several authors in Kirk-
Othmcr 'Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology vol. 1 (Wiley-
lntcrscie0ce, New York, 3rd ed., 1978) pp 192-243.
Gas; Odor not unpleasant when pure, but disagreeable
when imPure (due to phosphine). Toxic when inhaled. mp
-81° (sub[). At 0° liquifies :it 21.5 atm; below. 37° (crit
temp) liqllifics at 68 utm. One liter at 0° and 760 ffim weighs
l.!65 g; d gas (air = \) 0.90. Burns brilliantly in air with
very soot}' name. Heat of combustion 313 cal. Not explo-
sive at ordinary atmospheric pressure, but at 2 atms or more
it is e)(.pio'sivc by spark or decomposition. Mixture with air
containing more than 3% or less than 65% gas is explosive,
ma)(. being I \'Ol gas and 12.5 vol air. Forms insoluble ex•
plosive cot'npounds with copper and silver; 'hence copper or
brass conthiners must be avoided. One vol dissolves in I vol
water, in '6 vols glacial acetic acid or alcohol; soluble in
ether, beni:ene. Acetone dissolves 25 vols ncctylenc at 15°
and 760 m'm; but 300 vols at 12 atm. LC in rats: 900,000
ppm, Rigg's. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol .• \Jed 22, 269 ( 1925).
Cuution:1 A simple asphyxiant. High concentrations cause
narcosis. 20% concn may cause dyspnea, headache; 40% or
more concll may cause collapse.
USE: J]h.iminant, oxyacetylene welding, cutting, and sol-
dering mcials, signalling; pptg metals, particularly Cu;
manuf acetiildehydc, acetic acid; fuel for motor boats.
85. Aletylcne Dibromide. 1 ,2· DihromoetfwnC; 1 ,2·
dibromm•thjfe11e; sym•dibromoethylcnc. C2lf2Rr2; mo\ wt
185.87. C p2.92%, Ii 1.09%, Br 85.99%. BrCH=CHBr.
Prcpd by reaction of tetrabromoethy!ene with Zn and ale
followed by'sepn of cis-nnd trans-forms by fractional distil-
lation: Nc)y'es et al .. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 72, 33 (1950).
Liquid, gradually decomposed by air, moisture, or light.
dl7 2.21. nff 1.5428. Practici11\y insol in water; sol in many
organic solvents. LD50 in rats: 117 mg/kg ornlly.
cis-Form, ',nif 1.5370.
trans-Form, 11lf 1.5440.
Caution: Narcotic in high concns. I 86. Acctylenedicarboxamide, 2-llutynediamide; aCety-
lcnedicarbox)/lic acid diamide; ceilocidin. C,H,NiO2; mo!
wt 112.09. ',C 42.86%, I-I 3.60%, N 24.99%, 0 28.55%.
H1NCOC3:::CCONH2. Antibiotic substance produced by
Streptomyces 1_c!1ibae11sis from soil collected at Chiba City,
Japan: Suzuki er al., J. Antibior. 11, 8! (\958). Synth'esis
from dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate and coned ammonium
hydroxide at l-Io•: Saggiomo, J. Org. Chem. 22, 1171
(1957); Suzuki, Okuma, J. Ant/biol. 11, 84 (1958).
Crystals froin dil methanol, dee. 216•2 I 8°. uv max (0.1 N
NaOH): 299 r'un (El~ 290). Sparingly sol in water, metha-
83. Acctyldigitoxins. C431·1M,Ou; mo! wt 807.00. C nol, ethanol, aCetonc, chloroform, glncial acetic acid. Rela•
64.00%, II 8.24%, 0 27.76<:<'. Obtained by enzymatic hydro• tively stable in:neutrnl or acid solns, showing no Joss of ac•
lysis of lnnatoside A (q. v.). Composed of the aglycone digi-tivity at pH 2 to 7 when hented for 10 min at 100°. Unstable
tll)(.igenin and 3 mols digito:w..osc, to one of which an acetyl in alk.1li11e solii evolving nmmonia. LDso i.v. in mice: 11
group is attachCd. Acety!digi10xin-o differs from acetyldigi-mg/kg. I
toxin-/3 in thi: posi1inn of the acctyl group. The [:I-form is .THERAP CAT: Antimicrobial.
obtained either· by splitting off the glucose residue from
lanat,:,sidc A by means of en7.ymcs, or by extraction from the 87. Acetylene Dichloride,
Consult the cros.\· index before 11si11g thiJ .tctio11. . I
I
1,2-Did,iu,Mlhmc; 1,2·~1
Page 13
I
...,~8 Acetyleneurea .I
chloroethyh11e; sym-dichloro.ethylcne; Dioform. C2H2C!2; Liquid; suffocating odor; fumes and turns brown in air.
mol wt 96.95. C 24.78%, H 2.08%, Cl 73.14%. CICH=CH-bp 108°,1 bp735 104-106°; ctj0 2.0674; 11~ 1.5491. Dec by water
Cl. Prepn: Bordner, U.S. pat. 2,504,919 (1950 to du Pont). or alcohol; sol in benzene, dher. Keep tightly closed and
Prepn of trans-form: Adler, U.S. pat. 2,440,997 (I 948 to protecte'd from light.
Stockholms Superfosfot Fabriks Aktiebolag). Sepn of cis-Caution: A strong irritant. Avoid contact with skin.
and trans-forms by fractional distillation: Wood, Dickinson, Vapors 'can cause pulmonary edema.
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 61, 3259 (1939); Johnsen, Fitzpatrick, I
Rec. Trav. Chim. 70, 823 (1951); Truce, Barney, J. Org. 92, N-Acetylmethioninc. C7H13N03S; mo! wt 191.26.
Chem. 27, 128 (1962). C 43.96%, H 6.85%, N 7.33%, 0·25.10%, S 16.77%. CH3S-
CH2CH2CH(NHCOCH3)COOH. Prepn of raccmic mixture: Liquid; ethereal, slightly acrid odor; gradually decom-Wheeler, Ingersoll, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 73, 4604 (1951); Cal-posed by air, light and moisture, forming HCI. d about·
1.28. hp about 55° lnsol in water; sol in ale, ether and most lanan, Patton, U.S. pat. 2,745,873 (1956 to Distillers Prod-
other organic solvents. LDso in rats: 770 mg/kg orally. ucts). Resolution: Wheeler, Ingersoll, Joe. cit.; Gillingham,
RTECSV I I R J L · R LT k Ed (1979) 667 U.S. pai. 3,028,395 (1962 to Parke, Davis); Tullar, U.S. pat. ~ 0 • , · · ewis, · · at en, · s. P · 3,056,799 (I 962 to Sterling Drug); Brit. pat. 1,072,876 (1967
cis-Fonn, fp -Bl.5°. bpm 59-60• bp7r,o 60". nff 1.4435. to Tanabe Seiyaku), CA, 67, 114015x (!967).
trans-Form, fp -49.4•. bp745 47-20· Noticeably subject to DL-FOrm, 1\fethionamine. Crystals from water, mp 114-air oxidation.
USE: Solvent for fats, phenol, camphor, etc.; retarding 1150· j
fermentation. Caution: High concns are irritant, narcotic. D(+);Form, crystals from water or dhyl acetate, mp
88. Acctylencurea. Tetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d]imida-
zole-2,S-(IH,3//)-dione; ,:lycoluril; act:tylenediureine; glyox-
aldiureine; acetylene carbamide. C4H6N40 1; mol wt 142.12.
C 33.80%, II 4.26%, N 39.42%, 0 22.52%. Prepd by the
;,odium imialgam reduction of allantoin: Diltz, Schiemann,
J. Prakt. Chem. 113, 77 (I 926); from glyoxal and urea:
Reihnitz, U.S. pat. 2,731,472 (1956 t? BASF).
Crystals, Jee at about 300°. Slightly sol in cold, more sol
in hot water; sol in warm mineral acids, warm ummonia.
89. Acctylfuratrizine. 3-Acetamido-6-[2-r 5-nitro-2-
f u ryl) 1•i 11yl }-a.\• t riazi n c; 3-acet am ido-6-[2-( 5-nit ro-2-f u r-
yl )ct henyl ]-I, 2.4-t riazi ne; Panfuran. C0 H 9N 50 4; me,] wt
275.22 C 48.00%, H 3.30%, N 25.45%, 0 23.25%,. Prcpn:
Takai, Saikawa, Yakugaku Zasshi 84, 9 (1963); Saikawa cl
al .. .Japan. pat. 9032('65) (to Toyama Chern. Ind.), CA. 63,
4316b (1965).
Y c!low needles from dimethylformamide, dee 284°.
T\IERAP CAT: Antibacterial.
90. N-Acetylhydroxyproline. l-Acctyl-4-hy,lroxypm-
fine; hydroxy-N-acetylproline; 1-acctyl-4-hydroxy-2-pyr-
rolidinecarho;,;:ylic acid. C7H11N04; mol wt 173.17. C
48.55%, H 6.40%, N 8.09%, 0 36.96%. Prepn: Synge, Bio-
chcm. 1. 33, 1924 (1939); Kolb, Toennics, J. /Jiol. Chem.144,
193 {!942); Caine, Coirrc, Brit. pit!. 1,246,141 0971), CA.
75, !40679b (1971). Contains asymmetric carbons :::t posi-
ticns 2 and 4 with rr,c config of C-2 bCing nn~rc important in
biochemical reactions; S('e Neuberger, J. Chem. Snc. 1945,
429.
COCH3 I '
(
:-:.._____ ,,,cooH . I
HO✓!.____J
1.-For111, C06l. lo11clum. Cry~wls from acernnc, mp 132°.
[n]tf - I !6.5° (c = 3.2). Also reported as mrn1ohydrate
104-105°. [a)if +20.3° (c = 4 in water).
L(-)~Form, crystals, mp 1_04°. [a.Hf -20.3°.
TIIERAP CAT: DL-Form as hpotroptc.
93[ 5-Acetyl-2-mcthoxybenzaldehydc. 3-Acetyl-6-
methox)'benzaldehyde. C10H 100 3; mo! wt 178.18. C 67.40%,
H 5.66%, 0 26.94%. A natural plant growth inhibitor found
in the ]Caves of Encelia farinosa A. Gray, Compositae. lsoln
and sy1ithesis From 3-acetyl-6-methoxybenzonitrile: Gray,
Uonner,1 J. Am. Chem. Sor.. 70, 1249 (1948).
Needles from alcohol or ether, mp 144°. Sublimes with0l1t
decomp'. Emits frngrant odor on prolonged heating. Sol in
hot watCr, warm ether, alcohol, benzene, chloroform; practi-
caliy inSo! in cold water, 5% HC!, 5% NaOH, petr ethe1,
carbon ietrachloride; sol with orange color in coned miner:i!
acids. I
94. Acetyl Nitrate. Acetic acid anhydride with 11itric
uc:i<I. f":2H3N04; mol wt 105.05. C 22.87%, H 2.88%, N
13.33%,,0 60.92%. CH3COON01. Prepn from acetic ;.111-
hydride and N20 5: Boh, Annalcs de Chimie [l l] 20, 437
(1945).
Fuming, mobile, hygroscopic liquid. Should be colorless.
dj5 1.24'. bp70 22°. Although it miiy be stored ifl the dnrk
over P 20 5 for th_e weekend, it .~hould be used in statu nasci:n-
di to av'oid explosions. Always explodes when heated sud-
denly o~er 60° or when in contact with HgO. Explosi,_1n,:
have ocCurred upon contact with ground glass surfaces: Kii-
nig, Ankew. Chem. 67, 157 (!955). ·
USE: lln r.itrations, esp{;cially to introduce a single nitre
group in an ortho position on an aromatic ring., Cautirm:
Irritant,! corrosive.
95J N-Acetylpcnicillamine. N-Acetyl-3-merC<1ptm·a-
li11e. C 7H 0 N03S; mo! wt 191.25. C 43.96%, H 6.85%, N
7.33%, 0 25.10%, S 16.76%. Prepn: Crooks in The Chcmis-
11:v of PCnicillin (Princeton Univ. Prc:;s, 1949) p 470; Sheehan
et al., U.S. pats. 2,477,148 and 2,496,416 (1949, 1950, both
to Meri:Ik & Co.).
~113
CH3C -CttCOOH
'I I
SH NHCOCH3
from moist ethyl acetate, mp 74-76". Soh!!.,k in water, di-Form, crystals from hot w:i(er, mp 183°.
r11ethan,1l. lnsul ill ether, chlurnfo1111 d-Fofm, cryst;ils from water, mp 18')-!<JO"; [a]ff + )l:;'
l"llERAI' CAJ· A11tirheumatic. (50% etlw.nol)
91. Acctyl Iodide. C2H310; 11101 w1 169.96. C 14.!J',½,, 96! Acctylphcncturidc, N-/(Acl'lyfomi11o)wrho11ylj-,.,-
H !.78'/;,, I 74.68%, 0 9.41%, Cl·l,1COI. Pn:pd from acctyl elhylheiizc'n('llt"etamide; 1-uC"t'lyl-3-f2-pl1n1ylb11tvryl)1u1'0;
c:hloridc and HI· Gustu~, Stevens, J. Am Chem .. \"nc. 55,374 N-(r,-et\1ylphenylaecty!) . .,V'-acetylurea; Crampo!.-CuH16-
(19JJ). . Nz03; mol wt 248.27. C 62.89'ln, H 6.50'½,, N 11.28%, 0
Page 14 Con.wit the ems.\· index hefore 11.\.J,,: this 1·cction.
I
I
"
-· i I I
2089 Chloroazbdin
Needles from water, mp 115•,
Ammonium salt, C7H 17AsCINOJ' ammonium chlorohep-te11ean;o11ate. Freely sol in waler. Supplied as a 1 % soln made isotonic with 0.7% NaCl under the names: Solarso11; Arsion.
2089, Chloroazodin. N,N"-Dich/orodiazenedicarbo.r-
imidam ide; a,o:' -azobis[ chloroformamid ineJ: ch lora2".odin; dichloroazodicarbonamidine; Azochlornmide. C2H,Cl1N6; mol wt 183.01. C 13.12%, H 2.20%. Cl 38.75%, N 45.93%. Prepd by treating an AcOH-NaOAc soln of guanidine ni-trate with sodium bypochlorite in the cold: Braz et al., Appl. Chem. USSR 17,565 (1944), C.A.40, 2267 (1946). Structure and uv spectra: Kumler, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 75, 3092 (1953).
Bright yellow needles, plates, flakes. Faint chlorine odor, burning taste. Dec explosively at about 155". Decompn is accelerated by contact with metals. Very slightly sol in wa-ter; sparingly sol in alcohol; slightly sol in glycerol, glyccryl triacetate (1:100), vegetable oils, ether, chloroform. Prnc-tically insol in carbon tetrachloride and liquid petrolatum. Oil solns are generally made by diluting a triacetin (glyceryl triacetate) soln of chloroai.odin with oil. Solns of chloroaw-din in glycerol and in alcohol dee rapidly on warming; all solns dee on exposure to light.
THERAP CAT: Antibacterial.
THERAP CAT (VET): Topical anesthetic.
2090. Chlorobenzcnc. Monochlorobcnzcne; benzene chloride. C 6H!CI; mo] wt 112.56. C 64.02%, H 4.48%. Cl 31.50%. Produced by the chlorination of benzene in the presence of a catalyst. Review of manuf. properties, and use: Faith, Keyes & Clark's Industrial Chemicals. F. A'. Lowen-hcim, M. K. Moran, Eds. (Wiley-lnterscicnce, New York, 4th ed., I 975) pp 258-265.
Colorless, very refractive liquid; faint, not unpleasant odor. dj0 1.107. bp 131-132". Solidif -55". mp -45°. Fla:.h pt 28". 11~ 1.5248. Insol in water; freely so! in alco-hol, benzene, chlorofonn, ether.
USE: Manuf phenol, aniline, DDT; solvent for paints; heat transfer medium.
2091. p-Chlorobenzenesulfonic Acid. 4-Chlorobenzene-sulfonic acid; closylate. C6H 5CIO3S; mol wt 192.62. C 37.41%, H 2.62%, Cl 18.41%, 0 24.92%, S 16.'64%. Prepd by healing chlorobenzene with coned sulfuric acid or olcum under dehydrating conditions: Meyer, A1111. 433, 327,. 333 ( 1923).
Monohydratc, crystals from water, mp 67". The anhydr ma1crial is usually obtained _as a .~yrup, hp15 148°. Sol in water, ale. Practically insol m ether, benzene.
Sodium salt monohydrate, C6H,C1NaO3S.H2O, ,.;ubic crystals from water. Sol in water.
2092, Chlorobcnzilatc. 4-Ch/om-a• f-l•chlorophmyl)•«· hydroxybe11z1•111•acetic {/cid ethj'I e.Her; -1,.J '-dichlorob!'rlZilic
acid ethyl e.\·ter; ethyl 4,4'-dichlorobenzilate; ethyl 2-hydr-oxy-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)acetate; chlorbem.ilat; G 23922; compd JJ8: Acaraben; Akar; Folbcx. C16'"1 14Cl2O3; mol wt 325.20. C 59.09%, H 4.34%, Cl 21.81%, 0 14.76%. l'rcpn: Hiifliger, U.S. pat. 2,745,780 (1956 to Geigy); Brit. pat. 831,421 (1960 to Metal & Thermit).
OH
Cl .//\ 1 ~-Cl
I
~I-~
COOC2H5
Viscous hqmd The commercial product is yellow. bp004 146-148". nf~ 1.5727. Vapor press. at 20": 2.2 X 10-6 mtTi. Slightly sol in water. Sol in most organic solvents. In-c0mpatible with lime. LD50 orally in male, female rats; 1040, 1220 mg/kg, T. B. Gaines, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmucol.
14, 515 (1969).
[USE: Acaricide in spider-mite control; synergist for DDT. /luman Toxicity: Syinptoms similar to DDT. q. v.
j 2093_ m-Chlorob~nzoic Acid. J. Chlorobewwic acid. C7H 5CIO2; mol wt 156.57. C 53.69%. H 3.22%, Cl 22.65%, 0120.44%. Prepn by catalytic oxidation of 1-chloro-3-eth-ylbenzene: Emerson et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 71, 1742 (1949); by chlorination of benzoic acid: Garvin, Chem. & Jlld. (London) 1951, 910; by the von Richter reaction from l-Chloro-4-nitroben7.enc and alcoholic KCN: Samuel, .I. Che,11. Soc. 1960, 1318.
Crystals. mp 158°. (!p 1.496. Sol in 2RSG parts cold wa-ter'; more so! in hot water; freely so! in alcobol. ether. Methyl ester, C8H7ClO2• methyl m-chlorohen;:oote. mp 21•, bp 23!".
I ·2094, o-Chlorobenzoic Acid. 2-Chlorobe11zoic acid. Ertlpirical formula, etc.: see m-isomer above. Prepd by
K¥nO, oxidation of o-chlorotoluene: Clarke, Taylor, Org. Syn. coll. vol. II, 135 (1943). Crystal structure: Ferguson, SilTI, Acta Cryst. 12,941 (1959), C.A. 55, 24l88i (1961). ~onoclinic crystals, mp 142". dj0 1.544. Sol in 900 parts cold water; more sol in hot water, freely in ale, ether. tisE: Preservative for glues, paints. Intermediate in tne matlufac1ure of fungicides and dyes. I
2095. p-Chlorobenzoic Acid. Chlorodracylic acid. Em-pirical formula etc.: Se(/ corresp m-isomer above. Prepn by ca1iilytic oxidation of 1-chloro-4-ethylbenzcne: Emerson et al.,)J. Am. Chem. Soc. 71, 1742 (1949). Manuf by oxidation of p-ch]orobenzaldehyde: Shipman, U.S. pat. 3,124,611 (I 964 to JCI). Crystal structure: Toussaint, Acta Cryst. 4, 71 (1951), C.A. 45, 6604c (1951); Pollock, Woodward, ibd 7, 605 (1954). C.A. 48, 1333le (1954).
Triclinic crystals, rr.;· 243". Sol in 5290 parts water; freely sol 'in alcohol, ether.
r1ethyl ester, C8H7CtO1, 1111•thyl p-chlorobt•11z.oate, mp 44". Sodium salt, C 7l·l,C1NaO1• ~·odium p-chlorohe11zoate. White, odorless, cryst,illine powder. freely sol in water. Jngi-cdient of ,\licrobin which nho contains 1he orthuisomer. uSE: Sodium salt as a preservn1ive. I
2G96, o-Chlorobenzylidenemnlononitrilc, [(2-Ch/aru-ph ,.fl yf )methylene Jpropa II ed i II it rile; o-chl orn hen i.al ma] ononi -trilC; /3,/3-dicyano~o-chlorostyreue; CS. C101·1,ClN2; mol wt 188!61. C 63.68%, H 2.67%, Cl 18.80%, N 14.85%. Lacrim-atoiy chemical warfare agent. Prepn: H.B. Corson, R. W. Stmighcon. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 50, 2825 (I 928). Pharmacolo-gy: IR. W. Orimblecombc et al .. Brit. J. Plrarmacol. 44, 561 (I 9~2). ·roxico!ogy: C. L. Puntc l'I al., Toxiail Appl. l'har-mac.ol. 4, 656 (1962); J. R. Gaskin~ et al .. Arch.,Environ.
ilea/th 24,449 (1972); B. Ballantyne, S. Callaway, Med. Sci. Ltrn; 12, 43 (1972). Comparative toxicity of <;S and w-chloroacetophcnone, q. 1·. · H Ballantyne, D. W. Swauston, Arch. Toxicol. 40, 75 (1978).
I
Page 298 Co11.rn/t lhe cros.1 ind('X he/on· \HillK lhi.1 ,1·eclio11.
I
I
White er~
press at 20":
in acctone, ,
zene. LD50 rats: 88,48(
foe. cit.
USE: Rio1
chloroacctoJ
1ent eye, thi
2097. p-(
bamimiilotlr
ride. CMllw·
29.90%, N !
of p-chloroh
Sperry, J. A
Crystals f
usr:: Iden
2098. Ch
riot: (3,(3,{3-u
chlorbutol;
mo] wt 177.
U.S.P. speci
may contai1
label !shall i
hydr:· Prep
um ethoxid,
Fishburn, \1.
Crystals.
hut1111ol p!a
crystal. Su
rnihydrate 1
water. One
erol. Solut
cial acetic
Cnmpd 1
151,188 (Jl,
USE: !'la•
tive for bi,
alkaloids
Caution:
lilERAI' ('
tal analgcsi
IHERAl'C
pruritic, a1;
2099. ,.
chloride; -,
1!1Cl; mo!
CH=CHC
Neshitt, J.
U.S. pat. :
pat. 3,055,
s1anl ror ·
b11t(!IW:
U964).
tra11.1-b,
df0 0. •1295.
ci.1-lsnn\
Caurion·
2100. J
tncthallyl
CHCIC!-10 Prcpn of
Gcrher. J
9450 ,!
1,1,2-Trichloroethanc
9450, 1,1,2-Trichloroethanc, Vinyl trichloride. C
1
HJCJJ;
mo! wt 133.42. C 18.00%, H 2.27%, Cl 7~.73%. CH
1
CJ-
CHCJ1. Prcpd'by catalytic chlorination of ethane or ethyl-
ene: Joseph, U.S. pat. 2,752,401 and Pye·, U.S. pat. 2,752,-
402 (both' 1956 to Dow); Reynolds, U.S. 'pat. 2,783,286
j dry cleaning. In the manuf of organic chernicals, pharmai
ceutica/s, such as chloroacetic acid. (_i'tJj
(1957 lo Olin Mathieson). I
Nonflammable liquid; pleasant odor; ctj0 l.4416; so!idif
-35°; bp 113-i !4°; nif 1.471 I'. Inso! in water; misc with
alcohol, e'ther, and many other organic liquidS. LOSO orally
in rats: 0.58 ml/kg, H.F. Smyth et al., Am. Ind. Hyg, Asmc. ,. Jo, 470 (1969J. · I
THERAP CAT: Analgesic (inhalation). ·;;·
THERAP CAT (\'ET); lnhalanc anesthetic. ,-·i:
! I 9453. Trichlorofluoromethane. Trichlorornonoflu0ro.
methane; fluorotrichloromethane; Freon I I; FrigenJif _
Arcton 9. CC!3F; mo! wt 137.38. C 8. 74%, C! 77.43%:Jp
13.83%. Prepn; Henne, Organic Reacrions 2, 64 (I9.44J_l
Manuf: F11i1h, Keyes & Clark\ Industrial Chemicals, FffAJ •
Lowenheirn. M. K. Moran, Eds. (Wiley-lnterscience,!NCW York, 4th ed., 1975) pp 325-JJ0. :\-&;t,. USE: Solvent for fats, waxes, natural resins, alkaloids.
c'aution: Irritating tO eyes, mucous membraneS, and, in high concn,. nacco,,c. .I Liquid at temps below 23.7". Faint ethereal odor. No~!,
flammable. dl7-2 1.494; d~ 5.04 foir = ! ). mp -111 '. bf,,-lk\-
23. 7"; bp400 --t-6.8°; bp200 -9.1"; bpw0 -23.0"; bp
60
-32J~
bp'° -39.0"; bpll) -49.7"; brio -59.o·: bp) -67.6"; .bp'••
-84.3°. Cri1 temp 198"; crit press. 43.2 atm l635 lb/sq iiicr.•.
abs). nJ],S 1.3865. Dipole moment 0.45. Practical!y inSOJ'io'",
waier. Sol in alcohol, ether, other, organic solvents. di't
toxic than carbon dioxide, but decomposes into haf"ITiful! l
9451. 2,2,2-Trichloroethanol. Trichloroethyl alcohol.
C1H3Cl_p; mo! wt 149.42. C 16.08%, H 2.02%, Cl 71.19%,
0 10.71%. _CCl3CH1OH. Prepd by reduc1ion Of the corres-
ponding ester, acid chloride, or acid with lithiUrn aluminurn
hydride: Sroog·et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 7I,l17JO (1949).
Manufacture, by reduction of chloral hydrate with an amine
borane: Chamberlain, Schechter, U.S. pat. 2,898,379 (I 959 to Callery Chem.). I
Hygroscopic liquid, ethereal odor. At low Ccmps it crys-
tallizes in rhombic tablets. mp at 18"; bp 151-153"; df8 1.55.
Sol in about 12 parts water; miscible with alcohol or ether.
pH of aq soln is 5-6, but on prolonged contaci with water
some free acid is formed. Keep well closed and p/-otected from
light. LD~0 orally in rats: 600 mg/kg, //and book of Toxicol-
ogy vol. 1, W, S. Spector, Ed. (Saunders, Philadelphia, 1955) pp 302-JOJ. I
THERAP CAT; Hypnotic, anesthetic.
/
-----9452. Trichloroethylene. Trichloroethene; ethinyl tri-
chloride; Tri-Clene; Trielene; Trilene; Trichlorai-i; Trichlo-
ren; Algylen; Trimar; Triline; Tri; Trethylene; 1Westroso/;
Chlorylen; Gemalgene; Germa!gene. C
1
HC1
3
; mo! wt
131.40. C 18'.28%, H 0.77%, Cl 80.95%. C:Cl
1
=CHCI.
Usually prepd from sym-tetrachloroethane by eiiniination of
HCl (by boiling with lime): Ger, pat.-171,900. Dy passing
tetrnchloroethane vapor over CaCJ1 catalyst at 300"; Ger,
pat. 263,457; wiihout catalyst at 450-47~: llrit. 'pat. 575,-
530 (1946 to du Pont). Review of mfg processes: S. A.
Miller, Chem. Proceu Eng. 47, 268 (1966); Faith,j Keyes &
Clark's lndu.strial Chemicals, F. ,\. Lowenheirn, M. K.
Moran, Eds. (Wiley-Interscience, New York, 4th Cd., 1975).
pp 844-848. Toxici1y and metabolism: E. Urownillg, Toxic-
ity and Metaho/ism of Industrial Solvents (Elsevier. New York, 1965) pp 189-212. I
Nonflammable, mobile liquid. Characteristic odor resem-
bling that of chlorofom1. dl l .4904; ctl' 1.4695; df' 1.4649.
Vapor density; 4.53 (air = I.DO). Solidifies aq -84.8".
bp760 86.?6; bp400 67.0"; bp200 48.0°; bp1110 31.4"; bp
60
20.0°;
bplO -1.0"; bplO -12.4"; bp, _-22.8"; bpl.O -43.8°; nb7
l.47914; nif 1.45560. Practically insol in water; niisc with
ether, alcohol, chloroform. Dissolves most fixed ~!1d volatile
oils. Slowly dee (with formn of HCI) by light in !ht! Presence
of moisture. Trichloroethylene for medicinal purposes may
contain some thYmol or ammonium carbonate (n0t more
materials by flames or high heat. •,fr,'"n:
USE: In rdrigeracion machinery requiring a refrigerarit~-
fective at negative pre.~sures. As aerosol propellant Ca'ii:~
tion: May be narcotic in high concentracion~. · }~
Note: Consult lates1 Government regulations on uSC:'d; aerosol propellant. . '.!~;
9454. 3,4,6-Trichloro-2-nitrophenol. 2-Nitro-3,4,if:J J
chlorophenol; 2,4,5-trichloro-6-nitropheno!; DowJap.· .. .:-c?--•
H1C!3N03; moJ wt 242.44.' C 29.72%, II 0.83%, Cl 43.87~
N 5.78%, 0 19.80%. Prepd by dissolving 2,4,5-trichJ()fo.1
phenol in g!ncial acetic ncid and treating with concd·rliii,lf
acid; Kohn, Fink, Monatsh. 58, 73 (!931); Harrison et'OI.~
J. Chem. Soc. 1943, 235. '.'~
.t,tjt
--fi'tt;# c,¢0
"
1
,o, 'j
,~j'
'-er ')~ ,,
~·
Pale yellow ccy,,als frnm p::, c<hc,, mp 92-93°. ·,~, •f
USE: To combat. the ~ca lamprey, an eel-lik~ fish wh/~$ ~,it,
attacks trout, especially 111 the Grear Lakes region. ,d~'i~ ~
9455, 2,4,5-Trichlorophcnol. CoJJ_unoso!; Do~jCJcif'
C6H3C!30; mol wt 197.46. C 36.49%, II 1.53%, 0 8.10%; _di·
53.87%. Prepd by treating 1,2.4,5-tetrachlorobenZCn·e~
methanolic NaOH in autocluvt, at 160" for several_hrs:'.,~
rison e1 al .. J. Chem. Soc. 1943, 235; Agfa, Ger. pat.:4,1_! (1925); Chem. Zemr. 1925, I, 241 I. · ·_r:(.J.
Ac, c,y
c,
:~~~-
than 20 mg/ JOO rril) as a Sl?bilizer. fndu-'>trial grade's of tri•
chloroethylenc may contain other stabilizers suchtas tri-
ethimolamine steitrhte and cresol. LDso orally in rats: 4.92
ml/kg; LC (4 hrs) in mis; 81.)()0 ppm, Smyth et al .. Am. Ind. 1/yg, As.soc. J. 30, 470 ( I 969). . j
Caution: Use with adeq1101e ven:i.''.ltion. Preserve trichlo-
roethylene in senled, light-resistant ampuls or in fru'.ngible,
light-resistant glass tube:S. Avoid prolonged exposurC of the
product to excessive heat. It must be dispen.~ed in the un-
opened glass con1airn:r in which it was placed by the inanu. fncturer. j
Needle.~ from ulcoho! or !igroin. Strong pheno
mp 67'. Sublimes. bp7-'{, 248". hp1r,o 253". Weak m
acid. K :u 25" = 4.3 X I0-8. Soly (g/ 100 g of s
25°): acetone 615; bcnzeuc 163; carbon tetrachl
ether 525; denatured alcohol formula JO, 525; mcth
liquid pecrolatum (a1 50") 56; soybeau oil 79; tol
water < 0.2. LOSO orally in rats; 0.82 g/kg, De frd. Pmc. 2, 76 ( 1943),
Sodium .~alt sesquihydrate, Dowicidc II. Flakes (
cording to U.S. pat. 1,991,329 (1935 to Dow)J.
(g/ 100 g solvent at 25"); acetone 163; den11tut
formula JO, l 86; ethylene glycol 33; methanol
I !3. pH of satd aq soln I !.0-13.0.
CompJe.._ with triisobutyl phosphate, C
18
H30C
r.hlorex. l'repn: Bouillenne-Wallrand et al., Fr.:
Human Toxicity: Moderate e.11posures can cause symp-
toms similar to alcohol inebriation. Higher concns earl have
narcotic effect. Deaths occurring after heavy exposurC have
been attributed to ventricular fibrillation. Liver injury~is not
definitely established in occupational exposures. Fou'nd to
induce hepatoccl!ular carcinomas· in National Cancer Insti-
tute tests on mice; Chem. & Eng. News 54, 4 (Apr. 5, 1976).
USE: Solvent for fats,· waxes, resins, oils, rubber, pi1in1s,
and wni.shes. Solvcur fo, cdlulosc c,re,, and e<hccs. Used 9456. l,4,6-Tdchlornphcnol. Dowkide 2S;,.
fo, solvent extcac<inn in many indu.srdes. ln dcg,ea,;,;g, in H,Cl,O; mo! wr 197.46. C .16.49%, O 8.10%, H_
Page 1378 Cons-ult the cms.,·lindex hefocd.,;,,K thi., <ection.
( 196 I to Pechiney). Liquid. hp0_01 94-103°. ·
IJSE: Fungicide, ba-:1ericide. _ ·
I
l·1 y ethyl ether: Zincke,
5 lonneaud, Bulf. Soc.
icy, U.S. pat. 2,319,?60
(05-208" with.dee. l'rnc-'I' ~r, alkali hydroxide.~. n I alcohol, mp 1 54".
.;, acid.
Ii g 'to ski,"I, mucous
, iquid; odor of camphor
P 1"6° 1.638. lnSol in
1._ er, aniline, glac:aJ
p1 about 400 mg/kg.
~cpurating minerals by
Hus caused liver, kid-
.. ,,_ Ind. }{yg. Occup.
1 lphthalcin. .l,J.
(]//)-isobem:.of u ra,ione.
, 17.89%, H 1.59%, Br
"l1ination of plu:no!-
·z. c. ~4, 1465 (1932).
I
lcldd, or ether, mp
t ·lightly sol in ale,
11! "th a violet color.
, h wpl1e110/plllhalrin
·yf, Tetrabrum. Blue
•ming partially insol.
. "llsol,in ether. pH
-I l/ected from light.
_o aid (radiopaque
• (/lutylami,w)beflt.Oic •1ide; p·butylami-
f )chloride; 2-di-
'.C : hydrochloride;
1ethaine; Bl1lethanol;
nonasal; Pantocainc;
,,CINlO1; mol wt
31%, 0 10.64%.
, . 815,144 (1959
,saie forins: Shupe,
·ug). Mechanism of flt Di< 136, 679
(CH3)2 .HCl
I
r TJacycline
I
Faintly bitter.crystals producing transiellt numbness .o_l water; misc with alcohol, ether, chloroform. bcnzc~c. LD59
the tongue. mp 147-150". Sol in 7 parts water, in alcohol; orally in mice: 8.85 g/kg, Dybing, Acta J>harmaco!. To.deal.
insol in ether, benzene. The aq soln is neutral to litmus. Atj 2, 223 (1946). Lethal concn for mice in air: 5925 ppm,
solns are stable'and may be sterilized by brief boiling. LO~ La:z.arew, Arch. Exp. Patho/. Pharmacal. 141, 19 (1929).
i.p. in mice: 70 mg/kg, Dawes, Brit. J. Pharmaco/. Chemo~ 1/uman Toxicity: Narcotic in high concns. Defauing ae-
ther. 1, 90 (1946). 11 lion on skin can lead to dermatitis.
TIIERAJ> CAT: Local anesthetic. · USE: Dry cleaning; degreasing metals; solvent.
T!IERAJ> CAT (VET): Topical anesthetic. TIIERAl' CAT: Anthelmintic (hookwom1s and ~ornc trema-
9015 T hi h, .d . lodes).
. . etrac ormet 1az1 c. ~-C,hfo_ro-3,4-d1hydrn-.Ji HIERAl' CAT lVETJ: Anthelmintic.
tnch/oromethyf-211-1,2,4-benz.othrndrnz.1ne-7•.~lllfonam1de
I, I-dioxide; 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-7 -sulfamoyl -3·t richloro.!
methyl-2/J-l ,2,4-benzothiadiazine \, I •dioxide; 3-trichloro-1
methylhydrochlorothiazide; teclothiazide; PS 207; K 33i
Depleil. C1H1Cl4N30 4S1; mo! wt 415.13 .. C 23.15%, H
1.70%, Cl 34.17%, N 10.12%, 0 15.42%. S 15.45%. Prepn:'
Close ct al .. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 82, 1132 (1960); Novello ei
al., J. Org. Chem. 25, 970 ( 1960). \
o........_ /o !'{R:,l::02XX'" ~ SR I .
. Cl :::_...,_ NJ'CCl3 n
Crystals, mp 300-303" (Close); mp 287" (Novello).
THERAP CAT: Diuretic.
9016. Tctrachloroethane. J, 1,2,2-Tetrachforoethane;
sym-tetrachloi'oethane; acetylene tetrachloride; Cellon;
Bonofomi. C1H1Cl4; mol wt 167.86. C 14.31%, H 1.20'%, Cl
84.49%. Cl1CHCHCll. Manuf by catalytic addition of chlo-
rine to acetylene: ?eters, Neumann, Angew. Chem. 45, 261
(1932); by chlorination of ethylene: Pye, U.S. pat. 2,752,402
(1956 to Dow); by catalytic chlorination of ethane: Joseph,
U.S. pat. 2,752,401 (1956 to Dow); by chlorination of 1,2.
dichloroethane: Conrad, U.S. pat. 2,725,412 (1955 to Ethyl
-:·; Corp.); Fox, U.S. pat. 2,846,484 (1958 to Monsanto). Tax-
: icity: E. Browning. Toxicity and Metabolism of bzdustrial
' Solvents (Elsevier, New York, 1965) pp 220-229.
Nonflammable, heavy, mobile liquid. Sweetish, suffocat-
ing, chloroform"-like odor. df5 1.58658. mp -44°. bp160
146.5". n~ 1.49419. Very sparingly sol in water. At 25" one
• gram dissolves in 350 ml H1O. Misc with methanol, eth-
anol, benzene, ether, petr ether, carbon tetrachloride, chlo-
rofonn, carbon disulfide, dimethylfonnamide, oils. Has the
highest solvent power of the chlorinated hydrocarbons.
LD50 orally in rats: 0.20 ml/kg. H.F. Smyth et al., Am. Ind.
Hyg. Assoc. J. 30, 470 (1969).
USE: Nonflammable solvent for fats, oils. waxes, resins,
· cellulose acetate, rubber,-copal, phosphorus, sulfur. As sol-
vent in certain types of Friedel-Crafls reactions or phthalic
anhydride condensations. In the manuf of paint, varnish, 1
and rust removers. In soil sterilization and weed killer and
insecticide formulations. In the determination of theobro•
mine in cacao. As immersion flllid in crystallography. In
. the biological laboratory to produce pathological changes in
.-.),'., gastrointestinal tract, liver, and kidneys. Intermediate in the
,::!.i= .. manuf of. trichloroethylene and other chlorinated hydroca_r-
'.~ bons havmg two carbon atoms. Caution: Powerful narcotic;
~ liver poison. For symptoms. sec Carbon Tetrachloride.
9017. Tetrachlorocthylene. Perchloroethylene; ethylene
tetrachloride; tetrachlorcthylene; Ncma; Tetracap; Tctropil;
Perc\ene; Ankilostin; Didakene. C2Cl4; mol wt 165.85. C
~7t,,,'
114
8
.48%, Cl 85.52%. Cl2C=CClr Prepd by Faraday in
__ , 21. Manuf by catalytic oxidation of 1.1.2,2-tetrachloro-
t.' ethane: Ellsworth, Vancamp, U.S. pat. 2,951,103 (1960 to t• Columbia-Southern Chem.); Feathers, Rogerson, U.S. pat.
';°;~_ 3,040,109 (1962 to Pittsburgh 'Plate _Glass); by Catalytic
-~;;. chlorination of acetylene: Thennet, Parvi, U.S. pat." 2,938,-
·i· 931 (1960 to SociCtC d'Clectrochimie, d'electromCtallurgie et
1 ~~ des aciCries Ciectriques d'Ugine) .. Review of mfg processes:
.'· ~:• Faith, KeyCs & Clark's Industrial Chemicals. F. A. Lowen-
: t heim. M. K. Moran, Eds. (Wi\ey.Jnterscience, New York,
f: 4th ed., 1975) .PP 604-611.
· Colorless, nonflammable liq; ethereal cidor; dl5
1.6230. bp 121". Solidi{ about -22". nif 1.5055:
Phillips, J. Chem. Soc. 1950, 75. Sol in about
I.6311; dj0
Mumford,
10,000 vol
9018. 3,3 ',4 ',s.ietrachlorosalicylanilidc. 3,5-I>ichloro-
N• (3,4· dichlnropheny/)-2-hydroxybenwmide; I rga~an BS200,
C 13H7Cl4NOl; mo! wt 351.03. C 44.48%. H 2.01%, Cl
40.40%, N 3.99%, 0 9.12%. Prepn of polyhalosulicylanil.
ides: Bindler. Model. U.S. pat. 2,703,332 (1955 to Geigy).
Uucteriostat in the manuf of thermoplastic articles: Tdlt:r .
U.S. pat. 3,005,720 (1961 t(~ Weco Products).
Crystals, mp 161". Fluoresces under ultraviolet light.
Practically insol in water. Sol in alkaline aq solns and in
solns of wetting agents. Sol in many organic solvents.
USE: Bacteriostat in formulations of surgical soaps, laUl\•
dry soaps, rinses, polishes, shampoos, deodorants. Also as
preservative in textile finishes. certain peti-olcum products,
cellulose esters, cutting oils, coolants. rlanned by FDA from
use in cosmetics.
9019. Tetracosamethylhendecasiloxane. Tetraco.mmeth-
y/u11decasiloxane. C:uH120 10Siu; mol wt 829.83. C 34.75%,
H 8.75%. 0 19.28%, Si 37.21%. Prepd by reactioll of hexa-
methyldisiloxane with octamethylcyc\otetrasiloxane and sul-
furic acid: Patnode, Wilcock, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 68, 362
(l946); by cohydrolysis of ethoxytrimethylsilane and dieth-
oxydimethy!silane: Hyde, L'.S. pat. 2,457,677 (1948 to
Corning Glm>s).
Liquid; bp4_7 201"; bp0•5 152°; di5 0.9247; nb0 1.3994. Flash
pt 188.33". Stable. Inert to most chemical reagents and
rubber. Maintains about the same viscosity over a wide
temperature range. Sol in benzene and the lighter hydrocar-
bons; slightly sol in alcohol and the heavy hydrocarbons.
USE: As a basis for silicone oils or fluids designed to with-
stand extremes of temperature; as a foam suppressant in
petroleum lubricatirig oil.
9020. Tetracyanoethylene. Erhe11eretracarbot1itrile:
TCNE. C6N4; mo\ wt 128.10. C 56.26%, N 43.74%. (NC\-
C=C(CN)l. Prepd by debromination of dibromomalononi-
trile with copper powder in boiling benzene: Cairns et al.. J.
Am. Chem. Soc. 80, 2775 (1958). ·
Crystals, mp 200". Begins to sublime at 120".
USE: In the synthesis of spiro compds, in modified Diels-
Alder reactions, as aromatizing agent: Langone, Smith,
Tnrahedron Letters 1962, 205.
9021. Tetracycline. 4-(Dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,Sa,6,-
ll,12a-octahydro-3,6, 10, 12, l 2a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-J,.
11 ·dioxo• 2· naphthacenecarbnxam ide: deschlorobiomycin;
tsiklomitsin; Abricycline; Achromycin; Agromicina; Ambra-
'micina; Ambramycin; Bio-Tetra; Bristaciclina; Cefracycline
'suspension; Criseociclina; Cyc\omycin; Democracin; Hosta-
Cyclin; Omegamycin; Panmycin; Polycycline; Purocyclina;
Sanclomycine; Steclin; Tetrabon; Tctracyn; Tetradecin .. Cn-
H:uN1s>8; mol wt 444.43. C 59.45%, H 5.44%, N 6.30%, 0
28.80%. Prepn: Boothe_et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 75, 4621
(1953); Conover et al., ibid. 4622; Conover, U.S. pat. 2,699,-
\
Consult the cross index before using rhis section. Page 1315
!
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••
MEMO
DATE:
TO:
FROM:
SITE:
April 14, 1999
File
Jeanette Stanley
Environmental Chemist
NC Superfund Section
Cristex Drum Site
NCO 001 606 250
Ref. 34
I
Oxford, Granville County, North Carolina
I reviewed the memo writien by Donna Wilsoj on October 13, 1999 and the coded USGS
topographic map that she prepared along with the me~o. After defining the surface water and air
pathways, I reviewed the location of all species indicat6d in her memo and deleted those that were
' I not in either of the pathways. I then reviewed the indicated species shown on the map and compared
these with the Natural Heritage Program Lists of the Rarb Plants and Rare Animals ofNorth Carolina
(references attached) and determined that there are no species or habitats within either pathway that
' have "sensitive environments rating values" under the I-IRS.
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NATURAL l-IERITAGE PROGRAl\tl LIST I
OF THE.
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RARE ANIMALS OF NORTH CAROLINA*
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199"' Edition i
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compiled by Harry E. LeGrand Jrl, Vertebrate Zoologist
and by Stephen P. Hall, [nvehebrate Zoologist
North Carolina Natural He1ritage Program
' Division of Parks and Recreation
Department of Environment, Health\, and Natural Resources
This list is dynamic and is revised frequently as further data become available. New species
are added to the list, and others are dropped from :the list for various reasons. The list will be
revised periodically, generally every two years. [f you are using a copy of this list which is
more than a year old (check the edition elate at theltop of the first page), it might be invalid
and you should request a new version. Further information on these species may be obtained
by contacting the North Carolina Natural HeritagejProgram, Division of Parks and Recreation,
Department of Environment, Health, and Natural !<esources, P.O. Box 27687, Raleigh, NC
27611-7687 or the Nongame and Endangered Wildlife Program, North Carolina Wildlife
Resources Commission, S 12 North Salisbury Stre,t, Raleigh, NC 27611.
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'
NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM LIST OF TJE RARE PLANTS OF NORTH CAROLINA"
1997 Eciition
I
edited by Jame L. Amoroso, Botanist
North Carolina Natural Heritage Program
Division of Parks dnd Recreation
Departrnent of Environment, H~alth and Natural Resources
. I
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AU:f✓OWLEDGMENTS
NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM LIST OF THE RARE PLANTS OF NORTH CAROLINA
VASCULAR PLANTS j ..
I MOSSES ..
LIVERWORTS
HORNWORTS
LICHENS
SUPPLEMENT TO THE
I
NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM LIST 1 OF THE RARE PLANTS OF NORTH CAROLINA
NORTH CAROLINA PLANT WATCH LIST .!
VASCULAR PLANTS ) ....
MOSSES I
LIVERWORTS ·1 ....
' HORNWORTS '
LICHENS ........................ .
REGIONALLY RARE PLANT (WITHIN-STA TEj DISJUNCT) LIST
POTENTIAL NEW TO NORTH CAROLINA PLANTS ....... . . I
ADDENDUM 1: 1997 SIGNIFICANT PLANT LIST REVISIONS
I
ADDENDUM 2: NORTH CAROLINA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM
ENDANGERED AND RARE PLANT FIELD SURVEY FORM
II
,· s
35
38
41
42
.. 43
45
. . 47
.. 70
71
.. 72
72
73
75
81
83
INDEX
·1'
............... 85
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· This list is dynamic, being revised frequently as further data become available. If you are using B copy of this list
which _is more than a year old (check the edition date at the toJ of the first page). it may be out of date and you should
contact the Natural Heritage Program for important updates. F~rther information on these species may be obtained by
contacting the North Carolina Natura! Heritage Program, Divisioh of Parks and Recreation, Department of Environment,
Health, and Naturnl Resources, P.O. Box 27687, Raleigh, NC 27°611-7687 or the North Carolina Plant Consorvation
Program, Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 27647, Raleigh, 1NC 27611-7647.
Covec illustration b)Caren Caljouw
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MEMORANDUM
To:
From:
File
Donna Wilson ~ ~0-·
Environmental Engineer
NC Superfund Section
~r
Subject: Endangered/Threatened Species I
Cristex Drum Site, NCO 001 606 250
Oxford, Granville County
Date: October 13, 1998
On this date I visited the Natural Heritage Program office in the Archdale Building to
review locations of endangered or threatened species within a 4 mile radius of the subject
site and along the 15 mile surface water pathway d~wnstream of the PPE. Findings are
summarized below and are shown on Figure 1.
0 - 2 mile radius
2 - 3 mile radius
3 - 4 mile radius
Along the 15 mile surface water pathway downs~ream of PPE4
I Red 2 -Ambloplites Cavifrons (Roanoke Bass) -NC significantly rare
G=o 2 -Mesic Mi,00 lfaidwood F mes< -N"'""' \c,rmrm,i<y
Green 5 -Rocky Bar & Shoal -Natural Community
Green 4 -Piedmont/Mount\lin Levee Forest
Red 3 -Necturus lewisi (Neuse River Waterdog) -NC Special Concern . I
Red 9 -Alasmidonta undulata (Triangle Floater) -NC threatened species
Red 10 -Elliptio lanceolata (Yellow Lance) -NC tiLeatened species, Federal special
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concern
Red 11 -Fusconaia masoni (Atlantic Pigtoe) -NCj threatened, Federal special concern
Red 12 -Lampsilis Cariosa (Yellow Lampmussel) -NC threatened, Federal special
concern
Red 13 -Lasmigona Subviridis (Green Floater) -NC endangered, Federal special concern • I
I
Red 14 -Strophitus undulatus (Squawfoot) -NC threatened
Red 15 -Villopsa Constricta (Notched Rainbow) -!NC significantly rare
Blue 11 -Porteranthus Stipulatus (/Jc. :5 '\ r«l) cyJ
Orange I -Upper Tar Riv~r Aquatic Habitat -ldedtificd Priority Area
I
Green 7 -Piedmont/Mountain Levee Forest
Orange 4 -Tar River -Wilton Slopes -Identified Rriority Area
* -State animal special concern -Species native to North Carolina that are being
monitored.
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Ref 35
MEMO
DATE:
TO:
FROM:
SITE:
April 8, 1999
File
Jeanette Stanley
Environmental Chemist
NC Superfund Section
Cristex Drum Site
NCO 001 606 250
Oxford, Granville County, North Carolina
I
Today, I spoke with Mr. George T. "Tommyi' Brooks, Agricultural Extension Agent,
Granville County, [phone]. He was reasonably, sure that there was no commercial use of
groundwater for irrigation or livestock operations within 14 miles of the site. He said that there were
two nurseries near the facility, but he believed that they use city water.
' He said that the closest place where people would like fish is at the Industry Drive bridge
over the creek draining the site.
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MEMO
TO:
FROM:
DATE:
Superfund Section Staff
Jeanette Stanley
Environmental Chemist'--------,
NC Superfund Section
December I, 1997 ·
SUBJECT: Update on Status of Wellhead Protection Programs in N.C.
I spoke with Mr. Carl Bailey, Assistant Chief of P!Lning, Groundwater Section, Division of
Water Quality, DENR [phone]. He said that t~ere are still no wellhead protection areas
within North Carolina.
Two applications have been received and will probably be approved. The Town of Black
Mountain has defined an area, conducted an inventory , ahd submitted an application. A privately-
owned public water system, JAARS, in Waxhaw, NC has ~!so submitted an application. Mr. Bailey
said that he anticipates receiving another application from Aiden, NC (near Greenville, NC) in the
near future.
Mr. Bailey said that it has not yet been decided under which state agency wellhead protection ' programs will fall once DENR reorganization is finished. In the interest of having the wellhead
approval process consistently applied for these and all !future wellhead protection systems, the
approval process is being stalled until reorganization in complete.
i
We discussed existing wellhead protection regulations. He said that all public water supply
wells have an exclusion area of I 00' around the wellhe1ad. He said that there have been more
inspections lately, and that fences have been built around sdme wellheads to further protect the area.
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Ref 36 .----------------,-------------
EPA Method 425.J (App~ovedfor NPDES, Issued 1971) I TITLE: Methylene Blue Active Substances (MBAS)
I
I Approved for NPDES (Issued 1971)
\
METHOD#: 425.1
TITLE: Methylene Blue Active Substances (MBAS)
I ANALYTE: I
I MEAS
Methylene Blue Active Substances
I
INSTRUMENTATION: N/A
STORET No. 38260
1.0 Scope and Application \
1.1 This method is applicable to the measurement of methylene blue active
substances (M BAS) in drinking waters, Jurface waters, domestic and
industrial wastes. It is not applicable to rheasurement of surfactant type
materials in saline waters.
1.2 It is not possible to differentiate between linear alkyl sulfonate (LAS) and
alkyl benzene sulfonate (ABS) or other isomers of these types of
compounds. However, LAS has essentially replaced ABS on the surfactant
market so that measurable surfactant mat~rials will probably be LAS type
materials. \
1.3 The method is applicable over the range of 0.025 to 100 mg/L LAS.
I
2.0 Summary of Method· \
2.1 The dye, methylene blue, in aqueous solu(ion reacts with anionic-type
surface active materials to form a blue colored salt. The salt is extractable
with chloroform and the intensity of colof produced is proportional to the
concentration of MBAS.
3.0 Comments
3.1 Materials other than man-made surface active agents which react with
methylene blue are organically bound sulfates, sulfonates, carboxylates,
phosphates, phenols, cyanates, thiocyanat~s and some inorganic ions such as
nitrates and chlorides. However, the occutrence of these materials at
interference levels is relatively rare and with the exception of chlorides may
generally be disregarded. I
3.2 Chlorides at concentration of about I 000 mg/L show a positive interference
but the degree of interference has not beer/ quantified. For this reason the
method is not applicable to brine samples.\
3.3 Naturally occurring organic materials that react with methylene blue are
relatively insignificant. Except under highly unusual circumstances,
measurements of MBAS in finished waters, surface waters and domestic
I sewages may be assumed to be accurate measurements of man-made surface
I
© Genium Publishing Corporation 1996, Schenectady, NY 12304
GiiP \
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page 1
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EPA Method 425.J (ApprovedforNPDES, Issued 1971) 1 TITLE: Methylene Blue Active Substances (MEAS)
I
active agents.
4.0 Precision and Accuracy
4.1 On a sample of filtered river water, spiked with 2.94 mg LAS/liter, 110
analysts obtained a mean of 2.98 mg/L ~ith a standard deviation of+/-
4.2
4.3
4.4
0.272. I
On a sample of tap water spiked with 0.48 mg LAS/liter, 110 analysts
obtained a mean of 0.49 mg/L with a sdndard deviation of+/-0.048.
' On a sample of distilled water spiked wAh 0.27 mg LAS/liter, 110 analysts
obtained a mean of 0.24 mg/L with a stdndard deviation of+/-0.036.
Analytical Reference Service, Water suJfactant No. 3, Study No. 32, (I 968).
' 5.0 References I
5.1 The procedure to be used for this determination is found in: Standard
Methods for the Examination of Water a1nd Wastewaters, 14th Edition, p
600, Method No. 512A (1975). Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Part 3 I,
' "Water", Standard D 2330-68, Method A, p 494 ( 1976).
© Genium Publishing Corporation 1996, Schenectady, NY 12304 . GiiP
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
DIVISION OF WASTE MANAGEMENT
I
FAX TRANSMITTAL RECORD
DATE:
TO:
FAX#:
FROM: Waste Management Division
Solid Waste Section
I
---------;-I Hazardous Waste Section
JJ>t-&-~ /vt~ ! · , Superfund Section
I
RE: f'Fovr:sr ~ ~,11~.wlWfo,v Aeo,,,,-t\,e:t'.
Number of pages (including cover) 4-
Comments:
I '
,4-r ,HF C/et<;rc)C e?'ICILI Tf/ /A./ 0~,:Co,eb,
Confirm receipt of document(s):
Division of.Waste Management
Solid Waste Section
Hazardous Waste Section
Superfund Section
SF/slb(C:IWPWIN60\Wf".DOCS\SFIFAJCFRM)
[phone], ext _
[phone], ext _
[phone], ext_
[phone], ext :'315
401 OBERLIN ROAD, SUITE 150, RALEIGH, NC 27605
PHONE 919·733-4996 FAX [phone]
AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY/ AFFIRMATIVE ACTION EMPLOYER -50% RECYCLED/I 0% POST-CONSUMER PAPER
I
Aquatic Bioassay Testing • Aquatic Toxicity Reduction Evaluations
Chemical Product EnvironmJntal Assessments • NPDES Testing
Reporting & Data Handling Services :lffill BURLINGTON 1302 Belmont Street • Burlington, NC 27215-6935 • Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
IRESEARCH=============-1===============
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North Carolina Division of Waste Mgt.
Superfund Div.
401 Oberlin Road
Suite 150
Raleigh, NC 27605
Attention: Ms. Donna Wilson
August 17, 1998
Enclosed please find the reports for your samples received 08/13/98, assigned
to BR! Workorder 8H324. Please call if you have any questions.
Thank you.
Water Environmental Services . Eden
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
370 W. Meadow Road • Eden, NC 27288
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
Sincerely,
I
BURLINGTON RESEARCH, INC. 1,,------..~~J
. ager, Support Services
[phone] Ext. 211
Water Environmental Services • Kinston
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
100 E. Gordon Street • Kinston, NC 28501
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
'rnJII
.BURLINGTON IA ES EARCH
Aquatic Bioassay Testing • Aquatic Toxicity Reduction Evaluations
Chemical Product Environmental Assessments • NPDES Testing
Reporting & Data Handling Services
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1302 Belmont Street • Burlington, NC 27215-6935 • Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
ANALYTICAL REPORT
CUSTOMER:
REPORT TO:
SAMPLE DESC:
SAMPLE TYPE:
COLLECTED:
North Carolina Division of Waste Mgt.
Superfund Div.
Ms. Donna Wilson
CRISTEX
WATER, GRAB
08/12/98 14: 10 SITE: CD-29-GW
PARAMETER DATE/Tl ME/ ANALYST
I
'
WORK ORDER #:
RECEIVED:
REPORTED:
PO NUMBER: SFS00313
8H324-001
08/13/98
08/17/98
MOL RESULT
MBAS
EPA 425.1
Started 08/14/98 08: 10 o. to 0.21 mg/L
Analyzed 08/14/98 by LMB at BR! -Burlington
MQL = Minimum Quantitation Limit
Water Environmental Services -Eden
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
370 W. Meadow Road • Eden, NC 27288
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
Page Water Environmental Services -Kinston
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
100 E. Gordon Street • Kinston, NC 28501
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
'rn]II
.BURLINGTON
IR ES EARC H
Aquatic Bioassay Testing • Aquatic Toxicity Reduction Evaluations
Chemical Product Environmental Assessments • NPDES Testing
Reporting & o'ata Handling Services
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1302 Belmont Street • Burlington, NC 27215-6935 • Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
I
ANALYTICAL REPORT
CUSTOMER: North Carolina Division of Waste Mgt. WORK ORDER #: 8H324-002
Superfund Div.
'REPORT TO: Ms. Donna Wilson RECEIVED: 08/13/98
REPORTED: 08/17/98
SAMPLE DESC: CRISTEX
SAMPLE TYPE: WATER, GRAB PO NUMBER: SFS003l3
COLLECTED: 08/12/98 I I :40 SITE: CD-13-GW
PARAMETER
MBAS
EPA 425.1
DATE/TIME/ANALYST MOL RESULT
Started 08/14/98 08:10 a.to <0.10 mg/L
Analyzed 08/14/98 by LMB at BR! -Burlington
MQL = Minimum Quantitation Limit
Water Environmental Services -Eden
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
370 W. Meadow Road • Eden, NC 27288
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
Page 2 Water Environmental Services -Kinston
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
100 E. Gordon Street • Kinston, NC 28501
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
'm)II
.BURLINGTON
IR ESEA RC H
Aquatic Bioassay Testing • Aquatic Toxicity Reduction Evaluations
Chemical Product Environmental Assessments • NPDES Testing
Reporting & Data Handling Services
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1302 Belmont Street • Burlington, NC 27215-6935 • Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
I
ANALYTICAL REPORT
CUSTOMER: North Carolina Division of Waste Mgt. WORK ORDER #: 8H324-003
Superfund Div.
REPORT TO: Ms. Donna Wilson RECEIVED: 08/13/98
REPORTED: 08/17/98
SAMPLE DESC: CRISTEX
SAMPLE TYPE: WATER, GRAB PO NUMBER: SFS00313
COLLECTED: 08/12/98 10: 45 SITE: CD-28-GW
PARAMETER
MBAS
EPA 425.1
DATE/TIME/ANALYST MOL RESULT
Started 08114/98 08:10 0.10 <0.10 mg/L
Analyzed 08/14/98 by LMB at BR! -Burlington
MQL = Minimum Quantitation Limit
Water Environmental Services -Eden
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
370 W. Meadow Road • Eden, NC 27288
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
Page 3 Water Environmental Seivices -Kinston
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
100 E. Gordon Street • Kinston, NC 28501
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
1rnlll I BURLINGTON
.RESEARCH
Aquatic Bioassay Testing • Aquatic Toxicity Reduction Evaluations
Chemical Product Environm8ntal Assessments • NPOES Testing
Reporting & Data Handling Services
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1302 Belmont Street • Burlington, NC 27215-!>935 • Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
' ANALYTICAL REPORT
CUSTOMER: North Carolina Division of Waste Mgt. WORK ORDER #: 8H324-004
Superfund Div.
REPORT TO: Ms. Donna Wilson RECEIVED: 08/ 13/98
REPORTED: 08/17 /98
SAMPLE DESC: CRISTEX
SAMPLE TYPE: WATER, GRAB PO NUMBER: SFS00313
COLLECTED: 08/11/98 17:55 SITE: CD-31-GW
PARAMETER
MBAS
EPA425.l
DATE/Tl ME/ ANALYST MQL RESULT
' ' Started 08/13/98 15:05 0.IO <0.IO mg/L
Analyzed 08/13/98 by LMB at BRI -Burlington
MQL = Minimum Quantitation Limit
Water Environmental Services -Eden
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
370 W. Meadow Road • Eden, NC 27288
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
Page 4 Water Environmental Services -Kinston
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
100 E. Gordon Street • Kinston, NC 28501
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
:rn]c II Aquatic Bioassay Testing • Alquatic Toxicity Reduction Evaluations
Chemical Product Environmental Assessments • NPOES Testing
Reporting & Data Handling Services
BURLINGTON 1302 Belmont Street • Burlington, NC 27215-6935 • Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
.RESEARCH=============~:==============
ANALYTICAL R~PORT
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CUSTOMER:
REPORT TO:
SAMPLE DESC:
SAMPLE TYPE:
COLLECTED:
North Carolina Division of Waste Mgt.
Superfund Div.
Ms. Donna Wilson
CRISTEX
WATER, GRAB
08/11/98 18:00 SITE: CD-06-GW
PARAMETER DATE/TIME/ ANALYST
I
'
WORK ORDER #:
RECEIVED:
REPORTED:
PO NUMBER: SFS00313
8H324-005
08/13/98
08/17/98
MQL RESULT
MBAS
EPA 425.l
Started 08/13/98 15:05 0.10 0.27 mg/L
Analyzed 08/13/,98 by LMB at BR! -Burlington
MQL = Minimum Quantitation Limit
Water Environmental Services -Eden
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
370 W. Meadow Road -Eden, NC 27288
Phone [phone] -Fax [phone]
Page 5 Water Environmental Services -Kinston
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
100 E. Gordon Street • Kinston, NC 28501
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
:mi1 Aquatic Bioassay Testing • Aquatic Toxicity Reduction Evaluations
Chemical Product Environmental Assessments • NPDES Testing
Reporting & Data Handling Services
BURLINGTON 1302 Belmont Street • Burlington, NC 27215-6935 • Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
.RESEARCH=============================
ANALYTICAL REPORT
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CUSTOMER:
REPORT TO:
SAMPLE DESC:
SAMPLE TYPE:
COLLECTED:
North Carolina Division of Waste Mgt.
Superfund Div.
Ms. Donna Wilson
CRISTEX
WATER, GRAB
08/12/98 16: 15 SITE: CD-19-GW
I PARAMETER DATE/Tl ME/ ANALYST
WORK ORDER #:
RECEIVED:
REPORTED:
PO NUMBER: SFS00313
8H324-006
08/13/98
08/17/98
MQL RESULT
MBAS
EPA 425.1
Started 08/14/98 08:10 0.10 0.27 mg/L
Analyzed 08/14/98 by LMB at BRI -Burlington
MQL = Minimum Quantitation Limit
Water Environmental Services -Eden
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
370 W. Meadow Road • Eden. NC 27288
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
Page 6 Water Environmental Services -Kinston
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
100 E. Gordon Street • Kinston, NC 28501
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
'rnlll .BURLINGTON
Aquatic Bioassay Testing • Aquatic Toxicity Reduction Evaluations
Chemical Product Environmental Assessments • NPDES Testing
Reporting & ~ata Handling Services
1302 Belmont Street • Burlington, NC 27215-6935 • Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
RESEARCH============================ I
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ANALYTICAL REPORT
CUSTOMER:
REPORT TO:
SAMPLE DESC:
SAMPLE TYPE:
COLLECTED:
North Carolina Division of Waste Mgt.
Superfund Div.
Ms. Donna Wilson
CRISTEX
WATER, GRAB
08/ 12/98 18: 10 SITE: CD-20-GW
WORK ORDER #:
RECEIVED:
REPORTED:
PO NUMBER: SFS00313
88324-007
08/13/98
08/17/98
PARAMETER DATE/TIME/ANALYST MQL RESULT
MBAS
EPA 425.1
Started 08/14/98 08:10 0.10 <0.10 mg/L
Analyzed 08/14/,98 by LMB at BR! -Burlington
MQL = Minimum Quantitation Limit
Certifications:
BRI -Burlington
NC Chemistry: #85, Biomonitoring: #002, Drinking Water: #37743, Radiation License: #001-0904-0G
VA SWCB ID: #000061, Drinking Water: #00018
SC Environmental: #00018
EPA Chemistry Lab ID: NC00I37, Bioassay Lab ID: NC2721500
Water Environmental Services -Eden
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
370 W. Meadow Road • Eden, NC 27288
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
Page 7 Water Environmental Services -Kinston
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
100 E. Gordon Street • Kinston, NC 28501
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
BURLINGTON RESEARCH, INC. • 1302 BELMONT STREET • PHONE [phone] • FAX [phone]
CHAIN OF CUSTODY RECORD
CLIENT: __ f/_C_l,,_"-c_/1_\f_lZ_-___________ _ SEND REPORT TO: -~/:;?,"-----=O_,i/l,:__c/J,___~-=--'-=lu_::_:__r-=Is=--c_VJ!___ _____ _
Facility/Site ( __ r/:S.7rX
Sampler: (Print) bi!f'/ 11 /''---' [IV (/__<.o,-, (Signature) f'!/(.j/p--•
Phone#: Cf/1--733-?.fxJ I 'x:3/7 Fax#: _________ _
Purchase Order#: SFS:<a:J 3[5 -
SAMPLE SAMPLE TYPE (FOR LAB USE ONLY)
SAMPLE COLLECTION COMPOSITE NO.OF t/1, w ~ Preservation Codes
CON-ANALYSES .... -a:~ A=lce E=NaOH
ID TAINERS D.. a: :;; ~ DATE DATE GRAB REQUIRED :ii Cl B=HN03 F=None
TIME TIME HAND AUTO SENT CO:W w..-C=H2S04 G=CUPRIC (/) !z I--
STARTED ENDED D:HCI H:HCHO
C)J--Z,'J-Gw s11-"1£ 11--'I D [/ I L,u,,+;.. c--/-ct~+-;iiR/t--5 ,Ir/ '-1 F
C/)-/ 3 -q iAJ 'qrz,jc;g //~40 I,/ c( Su3i...4h-/!{/{;~J-&v-----------------
cn·----?,,.g -=v'-'lJ ·611D18 70 : 4-,; 1,,-----( ':J.JrP--c..-/7-i_tl_+ /U~ S, u~
c/:v 31 --6{.1.J f'/11/10 v ~(J ,f,.e;frvvf -11/341' -;7::;<:, I -oc/,
,,b--00 -c,-c,..1 'efrt/ 1 'o (?J :' O(J V ( ,,..-/1 'k I . ,-,.-; -""'-u, Cf?t_-.-'/V /-A/[-7k(' -u<-1
CL>-I q -C;-vv '::: I' / "O ~ 'U /0 './5 V ( Svr ');_~c,'.f ///_(yg ---o (,
C1' ,,., 'i.D -f,::;fJ J ?J/4 ;__ 0,2, l'C 'ID v I ,,-'-bJ:.i ()t_,* A//(61/,2 Jo"1 c,_V,< ~ '
I
---
lsthesamplechlorinated? Yes_ No_
(FOR CLIENT USE:)
Will the results be used for regulatory monitoring purposes? Yes_ No_
ig,) (j' .,
J/J/2,()---
(FOR LAB USE ONLY:)
Received in Lab FROM: (Sig.)
Method of Shipment:
BA-171-98
Date:
I@ 1
Date:
Date:
IC-o
TU
lime: Received by: (Sig,) Date: lime:
(p ;oo
lime Method of Shipment
lime: Date:
032)
..,Vhit~INAtlllrwar-RI · -II rel-clie-Fin-ort -Pi .. 1 · L-ory -C-BRI -rato--enr ... ENT.-V -
:rni1 Aquatic Bioassay Testing • Aquatic Toxicity Reduction Evaluations
Chemical Product Environmefltal Assessments • NPDES Testing
Reporting & Data Handling Services
BURLINGTON 1302 Belmont Street • Bu w-6i935 • Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
IRESEARCH=======aaEaltE.!..!:!::=;!~;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;==============
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AUG 19 1998
S\JPERr\JND SEC1I0~1
August 17, 1998
North Carolina Division of Waste Mgt.
Superfund Div.
40 I Oberlin Road
Suite 150
Raleigh, NC 27605
Attention: Ms. Donna Wilson
Enclosed please find the reports for your samples received 08/12/98, assigned
to BR! Workorder 8H280. Please call if you have any questions.
Thank you.
Water Environmental Services -Eden
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
370 W. Meadow Road • Eden, NC 27288
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
Sincerely,
Water Environmental Services -Kinston
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
100 E. Gordon Street • Kinston, NC 28501
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
Chemical Product Environmel1tal Assessments • NPOES Testing
Reporting & o8ta Handling Services :m]c II Aquatic Bioassay Testing • Aquatic Toxicity Reduction Evaluations
I
I
BURLINGTON 1302 Belmont Street • Burlington, NC 27215-6935 • Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
.RESEARCH=============~'==============
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ANALYTICAL REPORT
CUSTOMER: North Carolina Division of Waste Mgt. WORK ORDER #: 88280-001
Superfund Div.
REPORT TO: Ms. Donna Wilson RECEIVED: 08/12/98
REPORTED: 08/17/98
SAMPLE DESC: CRISTEX
SAMPLE TYPE: WASTEWATER, GRAB PO NUMBER: SFS00313
COLLECTED: 08/11/98 10:45 SITE: CD-02-GW
PARAMETER
MBAS
EPA 425.1
DATE/TIME/ANALYST
I
MQL
Started 08/12/98 14:00 o. 10
Analyzed 08/12/98 by LMB at BR! -Burlington
I
RESULT
0.34 mg/L
MQL = Minimum Quantitation Limit
•
Water Environmental Services . Eden
Division of Burlington Research, lnc.
370 W. Meadow Road • Eden, NC 27288
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
Page Water Environmental Services -Kinston
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
100 E. Gordon Street • Kinston, NC 28501
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
:rn11 Aquatic Bioassay Testing • 1quatic Toxicity Reduction Evaluations
Chemical Product Environmental Assessments • NPDES Testing
Reporting & Data Handling Se1Vices
1302 Belmont Street • Burlington, NC 27215-6935 • Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
I BURLINGTON I RESEARCH
·CUSTOMER:
REPORT TO:
SAMPLE DESC:
i
ANALYTICAL REPORT
North Carolina Division of Waste Mgt.
Superfund Div.
Ms. Donna Wilson
WORK ORDER #:
RECEIVED:
REPORTED:
8H280-002
08/12/98
08/17/98
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SAMPLE TYPE:
CRISTEX
WASTEWATER, GRAB PO NUMBER: SFS00313
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COLLECTED: 08/11/98 15:50 SITE: CD-30-GW
' PARAMETER DATE/TIME/ANALYST MQL RESULT
I
' MBAS
EPA 425.1
Started 08/12/98 14:00 0.10 <0.10 mg/L
Analyzed 08/ 12/98 by LMB at BR! -Burlington
'
MQL = Minimum Quantitation Limit
Certifications:
BRI -Burlington ,
NC Chemistry: #85, Biomonitoring: #002, Drinking Water: #37743, Radiation License: #001-0904-0G
VA SWCB ID: #000061, Drinking Water: #00018
SC Environmental: #00018 .
EPA Chemistry Lab ID: NC00137, Bioassay Lab ID: NC2721500
Water Environmental Services -Eden
Division of Burlington Research, Inc. Page 2
370 W. Meadow Road • Eden, NC 27288 l1""'"'" · Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
Water Environmental Services -Kinston
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
100 E. Gordon Street • Kinston, NC 28501
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
BURLINGTON RESEARCH, INC. • 1302 BELMONT STREET • PHONE [phone] • FAX [phone]
CHAIN OF CUSTODY RECORD
CLIENT: A/('✓ $c, /J;/4, ,;_ ,/ ~{__.-ftn11 SENDREPORTTO: Donna 1,u,'fSav-. tfiJ)b;};t,fd.J.1
fl --r{i; f ,,'x, .
Facility/Site , Phone #:{!l;i)z½-:Z.$ 0 J Fax#: {jj1 3 3.
(Signature) /}/,/LIL\..\ ( 1~urchase Order#: .sps VO 3 13 Sampler: (Print) P0ti~ /4 l i /so lg
SAMPLE
SAMPLE COLLECTION
ID DATE DATE
TIME TIME
STARTED ENDED
f.n-{):::i _/1,. 1/4 /qr,,; lo'f<
l'JJ-3D-6-w t/11/tJ<t' 1,;-c;t,. .
.
lsthesamplechlorinated? Yes~ No_
(FOR CLIENT USE:)
0--
(FOR LAB USE ONLY:)
Received in Lab FROM: (Sig.)
Method of Shipment:
BR-171-98
( )
SAMPLE TYPE (FOR LAB USE ONLY)
COMPOSITE NO.OF w~ Preservation Codes
CON· ANALYSES rt /fl.~ _. -a: -A=lce E=NaOH CL a:
GRAB TAINERS REQUIRED :;; CJ :;; ~ B=HN03 F=None
HAND AUTO SENT u,?tJ-<( w w ..
Cl) !ii: 1--C=H2S04 G:CUPRIC
D:HCI H=HCHO
v I Jvi r, . A,-<::; ~1,r/.,,,,f !-01 30 p
. --I m ij _q.-<; _(,,, ,lo r )',.,,, ,' ,,,.n1. -
•
'
--
Will the results be used for regulatory monitoring purposes? Yes_ No_
Received by: (Sig.) Date: Time:
Date: Time Method of Shipment
Date: Time: Date: Time:
8-/2-98
.. ,Vhit11ii1iilNAllllill"arillljll · Efllll ret-clie ... Fin-or! -Piiliil -L~ry -C'IIIIBRI --rato.. lfliienroMiJNT --
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C Burlington
CHEMICAL
Burlington Chemical Company, Inc.
POST OFFICE BOX 111
BURLINGTON, NC 27216
July 22, 1998
Donna Wilson
NCDENR
401 Oberlin Road
Suite 150
Raleigh, NC 27805
Dear Donna:
RECEIVED
JUL 2 7 1998
SUPERFUNO SECTION
I 800-672-5888
FAX [phone]
TELEPHONE [phone]
TElEX 9102502503 Burlington CHM
After reviewing this list of products as far as I can tell, they arc1 comparable wiU1 dyes and chemicals on
polyester and from ti1is list of items it is unclear wheti1er these ivere isolated sales or not.
Sam Moore
Vice President Research and Development
Burlington Chemical Company
/dwm
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RUG 04 '9B 09=45RM BURLINGTON RE5ERRCH
FAX Transmission Sheet
I
Burlington Resea~ch, Inc.
1302 Belmont Street
. ' Burlington, NC 27215-6935
Phone: [phone] FJ: 910/570-4698 '
DATE:
TO:
August 3, 1998
Mr, Doug Moore
COMPANY: State Hazardous Waste Section
FROM: Penney Terry
SUBJECT: CTAS, MBAS'
You should receive _1_ page(s) including this cover sheet. H you do not receive all
pages, please call 910/570-4661,
Mr. Moore:
The cost for a soil extraction with chloroform and methanol by FTIR is $400.00 per
sample.
The lowest quantiation limit we can acheive for MBAS in water is currently .1 mg/L.
The laboratory is checking to see what the cost wo~ld be to obtain a lower detection
limit. It will require a MDL study. This study w6uld consist of 8-10 replicates, blank,
and a curve (which is done with 6 standards) over !2 runs.
Please give me a call to discuss. . ,, I 4 1 0 -f-'--SFS 003t3
Thank you.
Pem1ey Terry ( 336-570-4661 Ext. 211)
COMMENTS:
:rni1 Aquatic Bioassay Testing • Aquatic Toxicity Reduction Evaluations
Chemical Product Environmental Assessments • NPDES Testing
Reporting & Data Handling Services
BURLINGTON 1302 Belmont Street • Burlington, NC 27215-6935 • Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
.RESEARCH============================
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SAMPLE RECEIPT CONFIRMATION
North Carolina Division of Waste Mgt.
Superfund Div. RECE\\/EO 401 Oberlin Road
Suite 150
Raleigh, NC 27605 r,.UG 1 7 1998
Attention: Ms. Donna Wilson UND St:C1\0N su?'i:Rr
This is to confirm that on 08/13/98 BRI received the sample(s) listed below, which have been
assigned to BRI Workorder 8H324. Please review these samples and the tests that have been
scheduled for them. If there are any changes that shou/d be made, please contact Penney M.
Terry at 336-570-4661.
PO #: SFS00313
SAMPLE DESC: CRISTEX
SAMPLE TYPE: WATER, GRAB
COLLECTED: 08/12/98 14: 10
TEST
MBAS
SAMPLE DESC: CRISTEX
SAMPLE TYPE: WATER, GRAB
COLLECTED: 08/12/98 11 :40
TEST
MBAS
SAMPLE DESC: CRISTEX
SAMPLE TYPE: WATER, GRAB
COLLECTED: 08/12/98 10:45
TEST
MBAS
SAMPLE DESC: CRISTEX
SAMPLE TYPE: WATER, GRAB
COLLECTED: 08/11/98 17:55
TEST
MBAS
Water Environmental Services -Eden
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
370 W. Meadow Road • Eden, NC 27288
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
SITE: CD-29-GW
SITE: CD-13-GW
SITE: CD-28-GW
SITE: CD-31-GW
SAMPLE#: 8H324-001
METHOD
EPA 425.1
SAMPLE#: 8H324-002
METHOD
EPA 425.1
SAMPLE#: 8H324-003
METHOD
EPA 425.1
SAMPLE#: 8H324-004
METHOD
EPA 425.1
Water Environmental Services -Kinston
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
100 E. Gordon Street • Kinston, NC 28501
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
:rnJII
I
Aquatic Bioassay Testing • Aquatic Toxicity Reduction Evaluations
Chemical Product Environm8ntal Assessments • NPDES Testing
Reporting & o'~ta Handling Services
BURLINGTON 1302 Belmont Street • Burlington, NC 27215-6935 • Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
IRESEARCH=============~1 ==============
(8H324 continued)
I SAMPLE DESC: CRISTEX
I SAMPLE TYPE: WATER, GRAB
COLLECTED: 08/11/98 18:00
TEST I MBAS
SAMPLE DESC: CRISTEX
I SAMPLE TYPE: WATER, GRAB
COLLECTED: 08/12/98 16: 15
I TEST
MBAS
I SAMPLE DESC: CRISTEX
SAMPLE TYPE: WATER, GRAB
COLLECTED: 08/12/9818:10
I TEST
MBAS
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I Water Environmental Services -Eden
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
370 W. Meadow Road • Eden, NC 27288 I,,,,~ Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
SITE: CD-06-GW ·
SITE: CD-19-GW
SITE: CD-20-GW
SAMPLE#: 8H324-005
METHOD
EPA 425.1
SAMPLE #: 8H324-006
METHOD
EPA 425.1
SAMPLE#: 8H324-007
METHOD
EPA 425.1
Water Environmental Services -Kinston
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
100 E. Gordon Street • Kinston, NC 28501
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
I 'rnJII R£C£/\,f~,Bioassay Testing • A~uatic Toxicity Reduction Evaluations
I
. R ~al Product Environmental Assessments • NPDES Testing AUG Reporting & oata Handling Services
l4 1998 ;
BURLINGTON 1 ~Mf~!il,\,/3t00€71(§N,rlington, NC 27215-6:935 • Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
IRESEARCH=======""""'====""""1==============
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SAMPLE RECEIPT CONFIRMATION
North Carolina Division of Waste Mgt.
Superfund Div.
401 Oberlin Road
Suite 150
Raleigh, NC 27605
Attention: Ms. Donna Wilson
I
This is to confirm that on 08/12/98 BRI received the sample(s) listed below, which have been
assigned to BRI Workorder 8H280. Please review these samples and the tests that have been
scheduled for them. If there are any changes that should be made, please contact Penney M.
Terry at 336-570-4661. '
PO#: SFS00313
SAMPLE DESC: CRISTEX
SAMPLE TYPE: WASTEWATER, GRAB
COLLECTED: 08/11/98 10:45 SITE: CD-02-GW
TEST
MBAS
SAMPLE DESC:
SAMPLE TYPE:
COLLECTED:
TEST
MBAS
CRISTEX
WASTEWATER, GRAB
08/11 /98 15:50 SITE: CD-30-GW
Water Environmental Services -Eden
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
370 W. Meadow Road • Eden. NC 27288
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
SAMPLE#: 8H280-001
METHOD
EPA 425.1
SAMPLE#:
METHOD
EPA 425.1
8H280-002
Water Environmental Services -Kinston
Division of Burlington Research, Inc.
100 E. Gordon Street • Kinston, NC 28501
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
Kf'<'"'r-..t¾-J.,__;~,.;.. .• ......,.....,-;,.-,.---r-~~.q,,--,---·~.,J'...,........ -~ F~ ___,_ ... 6---·-~.,.........-. .,,..,._-"7"__,___..~-~-·\~~ ... -.-c,-~•" _'9~~\."i'~,?~·-,r,__.,_.£ --~t.-.,i.:
- - - - - ----1111111 ---c>·~ "~; ---'ti='---- . : ' . \ ., .
BURLINGTON RESEARCH, INC. •• 1302 BELMONT STREET • PHONE [phone] • FAX [phone] . -~ ~]-~
/✓' / . I I CLIENT: f/,[_ '),_f )f,'f.,,,,.
•"l • .J .Facility/Site ( r, (., r >f.
.. ._ Sampler: (Print) .!?;',":· ✓• /4 l./':,: h
SAMPLE TYPE . (FOR LAB USE ONLY) SAMPLE ~--COLLECTION COMPOSITE NO. OF ' ► Preservation Codes SAMPLE CON· ANALYSES' •. w I-..J cc 0: u A=lce E= NaOH ., 0.. ID DATE DATE 1 GRAB TAINERS REQUIRED :::;; <, :::;; 0 B=HN03 F=None
TIME TIME HAND-AUTO SENT <C w w ~ I-I-C=H2S04 .G=CUPRIC
STARTED ENDED .J en z D=HCI H=HCHO 'J. < rn-o J.. 'l,;:lJ -"/ . /_i ,,;-" I ,n !:;; t1
.,, ' , I ;,,/
f.',,' I,:, '~-~ I/ ,, )d! l, ... . . n: ;¢ f. ·' ., 6,:) -~;, /1 ,t ·!} I ~ I'' lt·rtl .,,;..
f'.{)-3c) ,:1.,·,:;-:, )'1 ff FJ s -/...,-,:{ l • . • )t ,! , f0 (\l:, . . .i P' • .. -~
,·)· ._.,. ~ "' , . ,
j. ,;~ ·,; s. ~,, ' 7,;. , :'j;,; . ; .. .. :,,_ ,Jr•· . l;f, : ' ' .,. ,. . -
> ....
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}~ .. .. , ... :!-~ .. -~,-""' .. . ; ar-• ,
' • .,. ; ~:~ i~-~ ,
f ., . ,. ~---; .. --.. --. ,·, -~------r·-.-~--. ---r . . . . ..
·' . > a
·'!11;';;· ,: ..• , ,_.h, .. ~ '~,?. •¢..:,. ' ~ --.! ' •
Is the sample chlorinated? Yes_ No __ Will the results be used for regulatory monitoring purposes? Yes __ No __
(FOR CLIENT USE:)
Reli_nquished by: (Sig.) i Date: ·~ Time: Received by: (Sig.) I Date: lllme \ ' ·'--\ f .. ., . , , -, _ _.,.i""' .. -\ V f f -.. -· ·-·
Shipped by: (Sig.)' Date: .. ,f Time Method of Shipment .
'~
(FOR LAB USE ONLY:) ..
Received in Lab FROM: (Sig.) I Date: ; I lime: Received for Lab BY: (Sig.) l Date: 'Time: " ' .,
Method of Shipment: ., Sample Integrity Comment: -~ C
" ' .,
BR-171-98
White-ORIGINAL· Forward to BAI· BAI will return:to client with Final Report . . ~ Pink-BAI • Laboratory Canary-BAI , Laboratory .. •· -
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MEMO
DATE:
TO:
FROM:
SITE:
April 21, 1999
File
Jeanette Stanley
Environmental Chemist
NC Superfund Section
Cristex Drum Site
NCO 001 606 250
Ref. 31
Oxford, Granville County, North Carolina
On April 16, 1999, I spoke with Derr Leonhardt. \He said that before the dam was breeched,
he called the Raleigh Regional Office Water Quality Section. He said he told the person he talked
with (couldn't remember the name) that he had a lagooh that was filled with rainwater and asked
' what he should test for in the lagoon prior to discharging it to the surface water. Mr. Leonhardt said
that he was told to test for semivolatiles, metals and fluoride. This was done, then he subsequently I pumped the lagoon water to the surface water pathway, then breeched the dam of the lagoon.
Mr. Leonhardt said that the above-ground tanks\ were mostly empty, with possibly some
sludge remaining in the bottom. Mr. Christensen's attorney, Melanie Hamilton, may have many of
the records from the facility. Mr. Leonhardt said he wohid call me back with her phone number.
I-le said that Mr. Christensen had retained the attorney bJcause the apartment complex (Oakridge)
had filed a law suit against Mr. Christensen. \
Also on April 16, Mr. Leonhardt informed me that Mr. Christensen had passed away about
two ~eeks prior, around April I.
1
Also on April 16, 1999, I had a conversation with Donna Wilson, Environmental Engineer,
NC Superfund Section. I explained that I had called th1e Oakridge Apartments (919). 693-2546
several times to determine the number of residents in the cbmplex, but my telephone calls were not
being returned. I asked Donna if she knew how many people lived in the apartment complex. She
did not know exactly. We recalled about 12 buildings wit!\ about 6 units each. With an average of ' 2 ½ persons per household, we guessed that the complex houses about 200 people.
I
On April 19, 1999, 1 spoke with Flo Herringsmith, f"arehouse Manager. She said that there
are 14 employees on the site. She said that the two drums containing purge water are still at the site. I She and I discussed the recent death of Mr. Christensen. She said that there was another owner of
the property, but she had not yet met this owner.
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Site Name: Cristex Drum Site
Site Number: NCO 001 604 250
Site Location: Oxford, Granville County, N.C.
Latitude: 36 17 50.0
Longitude: 078 3 7 00.0
Date: April 21, 1999
Calculation Results
Distance from
Site Location
0 to 1/4 mile
>1/4 to 1/2 mile
>1/2 to I mile
> I to 2 miles
>2 to 3 miles
>3 to 4 miles
Population
Per Ring Cumulative
16 16
20 36
633 669
3,953 4,622
4,796 9,418
2,124 11,542
Number of Households
Per Riiig Cumulative
4 4
5 9
293 302
1,619 1,921
1,725 3,646
762 4,408
Ref 38
Note: The populations and number of households within specified target distance rings were
calculated for the NC Superfund Section by the NC '1Center for Geographic
Information and Analysis using .the 1990 US Census data. These values were calculated
by summing the population and the number of housbholds data for each census block
located within each target ring. For census blocks lying only partially within the ring, the ' per cent area of the block within the ring was multiplied by the population and household
densities of the block.
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MEMO
DATE:
TO:
FROM:
SITE:
April 21, 1999
File
Jeanette Stanley
Environmental Chemist
NC Superfund Section
Cristex Drum Site
NCO00J 606250
Oxford, Granville County, North Carolina
I
I reviewed the wetland inventory map for the Oxford USGS topographic map. I marked the
distance rings around the site out to one mile. I noted thJt there are no HRS-qualified wetlands on
the map out to ½ mile from the site. There are five small ~etland areas within the> 1 /2 to one mile
distance ring from the site. With a planimeter, I mealured the acreage of these wetlands and
d e<e,miocd tlml from > I 12 mp ooc mi le from lhe sile is rm! wctlaod ae<eagc of abool 29 ae,cs
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Ref. 39
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Table I-Maximwn Concentration of Contaminants
for Toxicity Characteristic I
Regulatory
EPA hazardous
\V8Ste mnnber1
D004 ............. .
D005 ............. .
DOI8... .......... .
D006... .......... .
DOI9... .......... .
D020 ............. .
D021... .......... .
D022 ............. .
D007 ............. .
D023 ............. .
D024 ............. .
D025 ............. .
D026 ............. .
DOI6... .......... .
D027 ............. .
D028 ............. .
D029 ............. .
D030 ............. .
D012 ............. .
D031... .......... .
D032 ............. .
D033 ............. .
D034 ............. .
D008... .......... .
DOI3... .......... .
D009 ............. .
DOI4 ............. .
D035 ............. .
D036 ............. .
D037 ............. .
D038 ............. .
DOIO ............. .
DOIi... .......... .
D039 ............. :
D0!5... .......... .
.D040 ............. .
D041 ............. .
D042 ............. .
DOI? ............. .
D043 ............. .
Contaminant
Arsenic .................................... .
Barium .................................... .
Benzene .................................. .
Cadmium ................................ .
Carbon Tetrachloride .............. .
Chlordane ............................... .
Chlorobenzene ........................ .
Chloroform .............................. .
Chromium ............................... .
o-Cresol .................................. .
m-Cresol. ............ : ................... .
p-Cresol... ............................... .
Cresol... .................................. .
2,4-D ...................................... .
1,4-Dichiorobenzene ............... .
1,2-Dichloroethane ................. .
I, 1-Dichloroethylene .............. .
2, 4-Dinitrotol uene .................. .
Enc!rin. ................................... .
Heptachlor ( and its epoxide ) ... .
Hexachlorobenzene ................ .
· Hexachlorobutadiene .............. .
Hexachloroethane ................... .
Lead. ...................................... .
Lindane .................................. .
Mercury ................................. .
Methoxychlor ......................... .
Methyl ethyl ketone ................ .
Nitrobenzene .......................... .
Pentachlorophenol... ............... .
Pyridine .................................. .
Selenium ................................. .
Silver ...................................... .
T etrachloroethylene ............... .
Toxaphene ............................... .
Trichloroethylene ..................... .
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol... ........... .
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol. ............. .
2,4,5-TP Silvex ....................... .
Vinyl chloride ............... .
1Ha:z.ardous \\aste number.
2Chemical abstracts service number.
CASNo2
I
I 7440-38-2
7440-3~-3
71-43-2
7440-43-9
56-2~-5
57-74-9
108-90-7
67~3
7440-47-3
95-48~ 7
108-39r
10645
. 94-75;7
106-46-,7
107--06-2
75-35f
121-14-2
72-20-8
76-44-8
' 118-74-1
87-<i8-:i
67-72-i
7439-92-i
58-89-9
7439-97-<i
72-43-5 ' 78-93-3
98-95-3I
87-86-5
110-86-I ·
7782-49-2
7440-22-4
127-18-4
8001-35-2
79--01-<i
95-95-4
88--06-2
93-72-1
75--01-4
3Quantitation limit is greater than the calculated regulatory level. The
quantitation limit therefore becomes the regulatory level.
Level
(mg/I.)
5.0
100.0
0.5
1.0
0.5
0.03
100.0
6.0
5.0
4200.0
4200.0
4200.0
4200.0
10.0
7.5
0.5
0.7
3o.13
0.02
0.008
30.13
0.5
3.0
· 5.0
0.4
0.2
10.0
200.0
2.0
100.0
35.0
1.0
5.0
0.7
0.5
0.5
400.0
2.0
1.0
0.2
Ref 40
4If o-, m-, and p-Cresol concentrauons cannot be differenuated, the total cresol (D026) concentration is used. The regulatory level of total cresol is 200 mg/I. \ .
7/14/98 Rule .0106 -25
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t:f'.t.:_:\:y?\\ i)'\j{"; ', .
xtfI:.c;i~t~Sitt:,
Metals in
the Envirbnment
I
Edited byl
H. A. WALDRON
London School of Hygiene an1 Tropical Medicine,
· London, Engt'and
1980
. i\CADEMIC PRESS
A Subsidiary of Harcourt Brae~ Jovanovich
London New York Toronto Sydn~y San Francisco
·-:i:'•
-"!.~
.
_.-. .... -
·.
--
Chapter 4
Chromium
S. LANGARD
Department Of Ocwpational Medicine, Telemark ~;;ralsjukehus,
3900 Porsgrw1n, Non-vay ·
l. Mobilizatio_n into the Environment
-

A

·NaturaLoccurr.enc:e_._._._._._._._._._._._ . ...,_._ -·-·.c..·..c-:-· •
,----i-------13_--lndustrial uses
.. 1 11
.. 111
.... 112
.. 112
.... 114
..... 117
. .117
.. 12?.
.126
.127
. .128
--
C. Chemical pathways
il. Metabolism
Ill. Clinical "Effects ...
-A. Acute effects and their treatment
B. Chronic effects
C. · Special enviro1~mental effects
IV. Monitoring ............ -• .. .
v. Legislation and Recommended Lc\,e!s
References
I. MOBILIZATION INTO THE I<:NVIRONMENT
A. Natural Occurrence
.. 131
· The e·lement chromium was dis~overecl in t 798. · 1n natural de~osits
chromium is present in complex cubic isomorphic minerals_ called spinels.
One. of ·these _is chromite, Fe0.Cr20 3, which may contain a~ r;riuch ~s
SS-60'Yc of Cr20 1 hy weight. Chromite is the only important ore used.111
the refining .of cl~romium. In nature, chromium is present main!~ _in the
trivalent stc1te (Cr Ill), hut naturnlly -~)ccurring hexavalent chrorrnum (Cr
YI) ;ms also been found.
111
----!!I!!!!
112 S. Langt}rd
In addition to the trivalent and hexavalent oxidation states, the divalent
state Cr(D) is also quite common. The trivalent .. chro'iiiic state is the most
stable, while the clivalent chromous ion is relatively unstable and is rapidly
oxidized to the chromic state. The metal (0 oxidation state) is commonly
used in corrosion-resistant alloys because of its resistance tci oxidizing
acids. The hexavalent chromium compounds (chromates) have stron~
oxidizing properties. For this reason chromates are used oil a large scale i~
corrosion-preventing paints.
Traces of chromium· have been detected in air sampled at sites remute
fro·m man's activities (Duce er al., 1975). Analysis of these samples has
indicated that some of the airborne chromium has come from wind-blown
soil. Since it arpears to be. difficult to differentiate airborne soil particles
_______ from_par.ticles_d_yjved from industrial air pollution, it is not possible to
assess accurately the relative contribution of natural geochemical processes
anci industrial pollution to the chromium level in the air.
-
f-or the same reason it is quite impossible to det'!rmine the chromiuin
lev~l occ·urring in natural, unpolluted waters. ·Chromium has been intro-
duced into-a wide range of large-sc.:ile industrial uses, so that chromium
found in waters, even in remote areas, may haye originated from industrial
uses. The positively charged Cr3+ ion has a tendency to form very stable
complexes with negatively charged ino'rganic or organic particles present in
aqueous solutions. Therefore, harclly any uncomplexi?d chromic com-
pounds can be found.in natural waters. At neutral pH, Cr(lll) can rea_ct
with water itself to form colloidal hydrous oxides. At pH 5 and lower these
complexes are quite stable. \Vhen measuring the chromium _level in waters,
·the total amount of Cr must be determined, and not only the amount
dissolved, since this is ccnsidered to be a poor indicator of the Cr(Ill)
burden in w~ters (Merritt, 1974). ·
Chromium(lll) tends to be associated with particulate matter in waters
and is therefore subject to sedimentation. Chromium(YI) in aqueous
solution, on the other hand, exists almost exclusively in the form of oxo
anions (Cro,2-, Cr20 72c). In water, chromates react readily with oxidiz-
able substances_ to form chromic salts. \Vhen the concentration of oxidiz-;
able substances in water is low, chromates may persist in the hexavalent
state for ·a considerable period of time.
Chromium has been shown to be an ess'ential element in fungi and
vertebrates (Altman and Dittmer, 1974; Mertz and Roginski; 1971). This
-finding; indicates that chromium has been present in air and-watefs-
-'"';-t 1hillii0\u1i~f p\aJllLand animals. At the present time,·
-• · __ .,•-,.,,,_,_ts ,..nmi_,
l 4. Chromium
B. Industrial Uses
-The world prod~ction of chromite ore in 1971 .was 7 000 000 tons; a
production is increasing ·(Morning, 1971). The most important forms
chrOmium · are ferrochrOmium a~d. chromium metal: Chromium met.ii
produced either by the chemical reduction of chromium compounds.
. / -.
electrolytically, after chemical tre~ent of high-carbon ferrochromit
which is produced by dire,t reducti_on of the .ore. The largest user,
chromium are the· me_tallurgical, refractory and ~hemical industi
Chromic acid is used in chrome plating, bi_Chromates ~re used as mord;-
in dyeing and in the quick method of taniiing leather. Lead chromate
zinc chromate fil1d a wide use as pigments. Chromium compound~
present as traces ·.in cement, and chromium· salts ar~ also applied
--impregnation.oLwood.and-timb_er._Chromates.are.also_u
s
e
d
.
i
n
_
p
h
o
t
o
g
r
n
.

and photoengraving, an_d chromic acid is used. in lithography. This Ii,
includes only a few of the applications rif chromium compounds, but sh,
be sufficient to illustrate· the Wide use·s of chromium and indicMe th
large number of working peOJ)Ie may be exposed to chromium compo1:
ln Sweden, for example, it has·been suggested that approximately l O'
tl~e workin_g population might be exposed to .chromium to some cxlc
C. Chemical Pathways
The figures for chromium concentration in .ambient air vary consider
Urban air concentratipns have been r~ported in the range from less
10 ng/m3 .up to 50 ng/m3 ("Chrom_ium_", 1974), while in remote sites I
range from 0·3 ng/m3 up to 2 ngiml. The concentration in soil varies
"traces" up to 250 mg/kg. One of the possible sources of chromi,
farmland soil and waters is the phosphates used as fertilize·rs.
The chromium level in rivers and lakes is usually between 0· 5/1.
and l0µg/litre, most figures being approxi_mately 11,g/litre; the figu,
seawater are from less tha_n 0· 111 g/litre to about 0· 5p g/litre ("Chrom
1974). Municipal drinking water. may contain higher concentrati,
chromium than river water. Reports have been published indicatin
the major part of chromium in water is present in· t~-e-.~hexavalcn
(Fukai, 1967), but these results have not been confirmed.
Since chromium prcsC:nt in the soil ocC:urs predominantly in the 1r
state and the transiocation of Cr(Ill) from roots to plant is par.
-unlikely that even if the soil were heavily pol\uted that this would r,
chrom·ium accumulation in the food chain via plants. None of tht:
-rnll-d a'llli'1al 11111or -~CCt-teswillJ-
.1 ~ -

-
.• -. -·.