SW6170602 - Soluga Farms IV, LLC (3)

Permit No.
(to be provided by DEMLR)
State of North Carolina
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Division of Energy, Mineral and Land Resources
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PERMIT APPLICATION FORM-
LOW DENSITY SUPPLEMENT
This form may be photocopied for use as an original
A low density project is one that meets the appropriate criteria for built upon area and transports stormwat
runoff primarily through vegetated conveyances. Low density projects should not have a discrete stormwater
collection system as defined by 15A NCAC 2H .1002(18). Low density requirements and density factors can be
found in Session Law 2008-211, 15A NCAC 2H .1000, Session Law 2006-246 and the State of North Carolina
Stormwater Best Management Practice Manual. Curb and gutter systems are allowed provided they meet the
requirements in 15A NCAC 2H .1008(g).
I. PROJECT INFORMATION
Project Name : Soluga Farms IV LLC
Contact Person: Michael Ivy, PE Phone Number: ( 919 )755-5011
Number of Lots:1 Allowable Built Upon Area (BUA) Per Lot*:24%
Number of Dwelling Units Per Acre**:0.00
Low Density Development (check one): ® without curb & gutter ❑ with curb & gutter, outlets to (check one):
❑ Swales ❑ Vegetated Area
*If lot sizes are not uniform, attach a table indicating the number of lots, lot sizes and allowable built upon area for each lot.
The attachment must include the project name, phase, page numbers and provide area subtotals and totals. BUA shall be
shown in units of square feet.
**(Phase II Post -Construction [non -SAI only)
II. BUILT UPON AREA
Refer to DEMLR's forms and applications website for specific language that must be recorded in the deed
restrictions for all subdivided projects. (http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/lr/state-stormwater-forms docs)
Complete the following calculation in the space provided below where:
• SA Site Area - the total project area above Mean High Water.
• DF Density Factor - the appropriate percent built upon area divided by 100.
• RA Road Area -the total impervious surface occupied by roadways.
• OA Other Area -the total area of impervious surfaces such as clubhouses, tennis courts, sidewalks, etc.
• No. of Lots - the total number of lots in the subdivision.
• BUA per Lot - the computed allowable built upon area for each lot including driveways and impervious
surfaces located between the front lot line and the edge of pavement.
• Total allowable lot BUA - the computed allowable built upon area for all lots combined.
• Total BUA from lot listing - the sum of built upon area allocated for each lot on the list of non-uniform lots.
Form SW401-Low Density-Rev.3-2/10/09 Page 1 of 4

Calculation:
For uniform lot sizes:
(SA: ft2 x DF: ) — (RA: ft2) — (OA: ft2) = BUA per Lot = ft2
(No of Lots: )
For non-uniform lot sizes:
a. (SA: 1305493 ft2 x DF: .24) — (RA: 0 ft2) — (OA: 0 ft2) = Total allowable lot BUA = 313,318 ft2
b. Total BUA from lot listing: 33, 077sf. b must be < a
III. DESIGN INFORMATION
Complete the following table. If additional space is needed the information should be provided in the same
format as Table 1 and attached to this form. Rainfall intensity data can be found in Appendix 8.03 of the State
of North Carolina Erosion and Sediment Control Planning and Design Manual or at
http://hdse.nws.noaa.gov/hdsc/Pfds/
Table 1. Swale design information based on the 0 -year storm.
Swale No.
Drainage
Area (ac)
Impervious
Area (ac)
Grassed
Area (ac)
C
Q
(cfs)
Slope
wallow
(fps)
VaGtual
(fps)
Flow
Depth (ft)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Form SW401-Low Density-Rev.3-2/10/09 Page 2 of 4

IV. REQUIRED ITEMS CHECKLIST
The following checklist outlines design requirements per the North Carolina Administrative Code Section 15A
NCAC 2H.1000, NCDENR BMP Manual (2007), Session Law 2006-246, and Session Law 2008-211.
Please indicate the page or plan sheet numbers where the supporting documentation can be found. An
incomplete submittal package will result in a request for additional information. This will delay final
review and approval of the project. Initial in the space provided to indicate that the following requirements
have been met and supporting documentation is provided as necessary. If the applicant has designated an agent
on the Stormwater Management Permit Application Form, the agent may initial below. If any item is not met,
then justification must be attached. Only complete items n through p for projects with curb outlets.
Page/Plan
Initials Sheet No.
1J a. t
For projects in the 20 coastal counties: Per NCAC 2H.1005, a 50 foot wide vegetative buffer
is provided adjacent to surface waters. For Redevelopment projects, a 30' wide vegetative
buffer adjacent surface waters is provided.
1
b. t
For HQW or ORW projects outside the 20 coastal counties: A 30 foot wide vegetative
buffer is provided adjacent to surface waters.
c. t
For Phase 11 Post -Construction projects: All built upon area is located at least 30 feet
landward of all perennial and intermittent surface waters.
d.
Deed restriction language as required on form SWU-101 shall be recorded as a restrictive
covenant. A copy of the recorded document shall be provided to DWQ within 30 days of
platting and prior to the sale of any lots.
®� 2 e.
Built upon area calculations are provided for the overall project and all lots.
^0 2 f.
Project conforms to low density requirements within the ORW AEC. (if applicable per
15A NCAC 2H. 1007)
N1l- g.
Side slopes of swales are no steeper than 3:1; or no steeper than 5.1 for curb outlet swales.
Nk h.
Longitudinal slope of swales is no greater than 5%; for non -curb outlet projects,
calculations for shear stress and velocity are provided if slope is greater than 5%.
Nl)' i.
At a minimum, swales are designed to carry the 10 year storm velocity at a non-erosive rate.
NIA- j.
Swales discharging to wetlands are designed to flow into and through the wetlands at a non-
erosive velocity (for this flow requirement into wetlands, non-erosive is velocity < 2 ft/s).
Ot k' k. Swale detail and permanent vegetation is specified on the plans.
N IN 1. Swale detail provided on plans; includes grass type(s) for permanent vegetative cover.
PJ m. Swales are located in recorded drainage easements.
p1 a n. tt Length of swale or vegetated area is at least 100 feet for each curb outlet.
o.tr The system takes into account the run-off at ultimate built -out potential from all surfaces
draining to the system (delineate drainage area for each swale).
N1 k p.tt Curb outlets direct flow to a swale or vegetated area.
t Projects in the Neuse, Tar -Pamlico, Catawba River basins, and Randleman Lake may require additional buffers.
ft Only complete these items for projects with curb outlets.
Foran SW401-Low Density-Rev.3-2/10/09 Page 3 of 4

V. SWALE SYSTEM MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
1. Mowing will be accomplished as needed according to the season. Grass height will not exceed six inches at
any time; and grass will not be mowed too close to the ground or "scalped".
2. Swales will be inspected monthly or after every runoff producing rainfall event for sediment build-up,
erosion, and trash accumulation.
3. Accumulated sediment and trash will be removed as necessary. Swales will be reseeded or sodded
following sediment removal.
4. Eroded areas of the swales will be repaired and reseeded. Swales will be revegetated as needed and in a
timely manner based on the monthly inspections. Side slopes must be maintained at the permitted slope.
5. Catch basins, curb cuts, velocity reduction devices, and piping will be inspected monthly or after every
significant runoff producing rainfall event. Trash and debris will be cleared away from grates, curb cuts,
velocity reduction devices and piping.
6. Swales will not be altered, piped, or filled in without approval from NCDENR Division of Energy, Mineral
and Land Resources.
I acknowledge and agree by my signature below that I am responsible for the performance of the six
maintenance procedures listed above. I agree to notify DEMLR of any problems with the system or prior to
any changes to the system or responsible party.
Print Name and Title:Grea Ness General Counsel 5_J6, C« e-1-4
Address: 1634 Ashley River Road Charleston, SC 29407
Phone: [phone] Date:S✓/�1��
Signature:/
Note: The legally responsible party should not be a homeowners association unless more than 50% of the lots have been sold and
a resident of the subdivision has been named the president.
I, 0/' 4 P4 v fP ti Ko a Notary Public for the State of So4MWOI/h q , Countyof
C k"&O k , do hereby certify that ,Cvr I. PeS1 personally appeared before me this
day of cW 41 l6 0201 , and acknowledge the due execution of the forgoing swale maintenance requirements.
d_
Witness my hand and official seal,
Notary sighatu(/ /
®LWA PAVLMK®
Of goo cffft
SEAL My commission expires MY COMMb81OO EXO1m 7/98/21127
Form SW401-Low Density-Rev.3-2/10/09 Page 4 of 4

(000-Bright People. Right Solutions
DIEJC?
NC Dept of Environmental Quality
iLilN _ i 21011111
Department of Environmental Quality Raleigh Regional Office
DEMLR Stormwater Program
512 N. Salisbury Street
1612 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1612
Re: Southern Current Soluga Farms IV Solar Farm -Erosion Control Narrative
The proposed solar site is located in Cumberland County, North Carolina east of the Town of Godwin,
south of NC Highway 301 (Dunn Road) and east of the intersection of NC Highway 301 (Dunn Road) and
Godwin Falcon Road. The site is currently an open field used for agriculture. There are wetlands and
jurisdictional streams present on the property and within the construction area. There will be no
proposed impacts to the wetlands and minimal impacts to the jurisdictional stream. There is an existing
crossing over the stream and we will be upgrading the road width and culvert. A stream crossing permit
is currently being applied for. The site generally drains to the east.
The amount of disturbed acreage permitted for the project site is 19 acres. Clearing and grubbing
activities are not proposed for this site. The actual disturbed area will be much less and limited to the
areas required to install the solar panel posts in the ground by mechanical methods, installation of the
panels on the posts, and trenching to install electrical conduit. Access to the internal portions of the site
will be around the perimeter of the site and through temporary access drives. If any rutting or land
disturbance occurs on these access drives, it will be stabilized. It is proposed that the site will have a
temporary rock construction entrance and perimeter compost filter sock. No drainage patterns are
being changed with this project. The disturbed area will be limited to the areas shown on the approved
erosion control plan during the construction process.
The site is classified as low density, with only 2.52% built upon area. Water on the site shall run as sheet
flow towards the center of the site.
3200 Gateway Centre Blvd, Suite 100, Morrisville, NC 27560 • 919-755-5011 Office = 919-755-1414 • Fax

Soluga Farms IV Impervious Calculations
Gravel Road: SF = 31,966
0.73 AC
Inverter: 352 SF per Inverter
3 inverters on site
1,056 SF =
0.024 AC
Pedestals: 2.3 in'
5 pedestals per string
690 strings:
5x690x2.3=
7,935 int
55.10 SF =
Total:
0.73 +.024 +.0013 AC = 0.7553 AC
0.7553 AC / 29.97 AC =.0252 =
2.52 % Built Uoon Area
Calculations By: Mike Ivy, PE
Calculations By: Garrett Otten, PE
.: �oF •ssi®� �,
642627
Date:
5(31 I 13-
Date:
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USDA United States
Department of
Agriculture
NRCS
Natural
Resources
Conservation
Service
A product of the National
Cooperative Soil Survey,
a point effort of the United
States Department of
Agriculture and other
Federal agencies, State
agencies including the
Agricultural Experiment
Stations, and local
participants
Custom Soil Resource
Report for
Cumberland
County, North
Carolina
Soluga Farms IV Solar Farm
May 5, 2017

Preface
Soil surveys contain information that affects land use planning in survey areas.
They highlight sod limitations that affect various land uses and provide information
about the properties of the soils in the survey areas Soil surveys are designed for
many different users, including farmers, ranchers, foresters, agronomists, urban
planners, community officials, engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers.
Also, conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in recreation, waste
disposal, and pollution control can use the surveys to help them understand,
protect, or enhance the environment
Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose
special restrictions on land use or land treatment Soil surveys identify soil
properties that are used in making various land use or land treatment decisions.
The information is intended to help the land users identify and reduce the effects of
soil limitations on various land uses. The landowner or user is responsible for
identifying and complying with existing laws and regulations.
Although soil survey information can be used for general farm, local, and wider area
planning, onsite investigation is needed to supplement this information in some
cases. Examples include sod quality assessments (http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/
portal/nres/main/sods/health/) and certain conservation and engineering
applications. For more detailed information, contact your local USDA Service Center
(https://offices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app?agency=nres) or your NRCS State Soil
Scientist (http://www.nres.usda gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/soils/contactus/?
cid=nres142p2_053951)
Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances Some soils are
seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are too unstable to be used as a
foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are poorly suited to use as
septic tank absorption fields A high water table makes a soil poorly suited to
basements or underground installations
The National Cooperative Sod Survey is a point effort of the United States
Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the
Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The Natural Resources
Conservation Service (NRCS) has leadership for the Federal part of the National
Cooperative Sod Survey.
Information about soils is updated periodically Updated information is available
through the NRCS Web Soil Survey, the site for official soil survey information
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its
programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability,
and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion,
sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a
part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not
all prohibited bases apply to all programs ) Persons with disabilities who require
2

alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print,
audiotape, etc) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at [phone] (voice
and TDD) To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of
Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or
call [phone] (voice) or [phone] (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity
provider and employer.

Contents ��U� nt=
Prmfooe--.—. . .'.............. '....... .... ......... . .—. —'----. '2
How Soil Surveys Are Made .............. — . — -----—. . '......... ... .5
SoilMap ...................... . ... ...... ............. ... ..... --.----. . . .' ----8
SoilMap —.----—'— .... ............................. ................ '. . ---y
Legend —.— ----- ----------.— '----- ' —1O
[NnpUnitLagand--. ..... '.............. .... .... ...... '---' —. .............. 11
yNapUnitDanonpUone--. . .-----------' '--------— 11
Cumberland County, North Carolina . —.' ----- . . .... ........... . —13
Cn--Coxv||eloam ' ................ '—. —. ............. . — —.---]3
ExA--Exumloam, Uhz2percent alopeo'.... ' ------ —. —'14
Gr--Gnanthamloam—. ' . '.... ' ...... .......... .... —'----'' 15
NoB--Norfdkloamy sand, 2to8percent slopes . ' ...... ...... . '17
4

How Soil Surveys Are Made
Soil surveys are made to provide information about the soils and miscellaneous
areas in a specific area They include a description of the soils and miscellaneous
areas and their location on the landscape and tables that show soil properties and
limitations affecting various uses. Soil scientists observed the steepness, length,
and shape of the slopes, the general pattern of drainage; the kinds of crops and
native plants, and the kinds of bedrock. They observed and described many soil
profiles. A sod profile is the sequence of natural layers, or horizons, in a soil. The
profile extends from the surface down into the unconsolidated material in which the
soil formed or from the surface down to bedrock. The unconsolidated material is
devoid of roots and other living organisms and has not been changed by other
biological activity.
Currently, soils are mapped according to the boundaries of mayor land resource
areas (MLRAs). MLRAs are geographically associated land resource units that
share common characteristics related to physiography, geology, climate, water
resources, soils, biological resources, and land uses (USDA, 2006). Sod survey
areas typically consist of parts of one or more MLRA.
The soils and miscellaneous areas in a survey area occur in an orderly pattern that
is related to the geology, landforms, relief, climate, and natural vegetation of the
area. Each kind of soil and miscellaneous area is associated with a particular kind
of landform or with a segment of the landform. By observing the soils and
miscellaneous areas in the survey area and relating their position to specific
segments of the landform, a soil scientist develops a concept, or model, of how they
were formed. Thus, during mapping, this model enables the soil scientist to predict
with a considerable degree of accuracy the kind of soil or miscellaneous area at a
specific location on the landscape.
Commonly, individual soils on the landscape merge into one another as their
characteristics gradually change To construct an accurate soil map, however, sod
scientists must determine the boundaries between the soils. They can observe only
a limited number of soil profiles. Nevertheless, these observations, supplemented
by an understanding of the soil -vegetation -landscape relationship, are sufficient to
verify predictions of the kinds of soil in an area and to determine the boundaries.
Soil scientists recorded the characteristics of the sod profiles that they studied. They
noted soil color, texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and amount of rock
fragments, distribution of plant roots, reaction, and other features that enable them
to identify soils After describing the soils in the survey area and determining their
properties, the soil scientists assigned the soils to taxonomic classes (units)
Taxonomic classes are concepts Each taxonomic class has a set of soil
characteristics with precisely defined limits The classes are used as a basis for
comparison to classify soils systematically. Soil taxonomy, the system of taxonomic
classification used in the United States, is based mainly on the kind and character
of soil properties and the arrangement of horizons within the profile. After the soil

Custom Soil Resource Report
scientists classified and named the soils in the survey area, they compared the
individual soils with similar sods in the same taxonomic class in other areas so that
they could confirm data and assemble additional data based on experience and
research.
The objective of soil mapping is not to delineate pure map unit components, the
objective is to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that
have similar use and management requirements. Each map unit is defined by a
unique combination of soil components and/or miscellaneous areas in predictable
proportions. Some components may be highly contrasting to the other components
of the map unit. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way
diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data The delineation of such
landforms and landform segments on the map provides sufficient information for the
development of resource plans If intensive use of small areas is planned, onsite
investigation is needed to define and locate the sods and miscellaneous areas
Soil scientists make many field observations in the process of producing a soil map.
The frequency of observation is dependent upon several factors, including scale of
mapping, intensity of mapping, design of map units, complexity of the landscape,
and experience of the soil scientist Observations are made to test and refine the
soil -landscape model and predictions and to verify the classification of the soils at
specific locations. Once the soil -landscape model is refined, a significantly smaller
number of measurements of individual soil properties are made and recorded.
These measurements may include field measurements, such as those for color,
depth to bedrock, and texture, and laboratory measurements, such as those for
content of sand, silt, clay, salt, and other components Properties of each soil
typically vary from one point to another across the landscape.
Observations for map unit components are aggregated to develop ranges of
characteristics for the components The aggregated values are presented Direct
measurements do not exist for every property presented for every map unit
component. Values for some properties are estimated from combinations of other
properties
While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some of the soils in the area generally
are collected for laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil scientists
interpret the data from these analyses and tests as well as the field -observed
characteristics and the soil properties to determine the expected behavior of the
soils under different uses. Interpretations for all of the soils are field tested through
observation of the soils in different uses and under different levels of management
Some interpretations are modified to fit local conditions, and some new
interpretations are developed to meet local needs Data are assembled from other
sources, such as research information, production records, and field experience of
specialists For example, data on crop yields under defined levels of management
are assembled from farm records and from field or plot experiments on the same
kinds of soil.
Predictions about soil behavior are based not only on soil properties but also on
such variables as climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are predictable over
long periods of time, but they are not predictable from year to year. For example,
soil scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of accuracy that a given soil will
have a high water table within certain depths in most years, but they cannot predict
that a high water table will always be at a specific level in the soil on a specific date.
After soil scientists located and identified the significant natural bodies of soil in the
survey area, they drew the boundaries of these bodies on aerial photographs and

Custom Soil Resource Report
identified each as a specific map unit. Aerial photographs show trees, buildings,
fields, roads, and rivers, all of which help in locating boundaries accurately
rA

Soil Map
The sod map section includes the soil map for the defined area of interest, a list of
soil map units on the map and extent of each map unit, and cartographic symbols
displayed on the map. Also presented are various metadata about data used to
produce the map, and a description of each soil map unit.

35° 13' 19"N
35° 12' 53" N
Custom Soil Resource Report
3 Soil Map 3
711900 712000 712100 712200 7123M 712400
3 3
Map Sole: 1:3,880 if pnnted on A portrait (8.5" x 11") sheet
Meters
N 0 50 100 200 300
Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Map projection. Web Mercator Comer coordinates. WGS84 Edge tics U1M Zone 17N WGS84
9
35° 13'19"N
35° 12 S3" N

MAP LEGEND
Area of Interest (AOI)
0
Area of Interest (AOI)
Sods
0
Soil Map Unit Polygons
,.�..
Soil Map Unit Lines
Soil Map Unit Points
Special
Point Features
Blowout
Borrow Pit
Clay Spot
0
Closed Depression
Gravel Pit
Gravelly Spot
3
Landfill
P�
Lava Flow
Marsh or swamp
Mine or Quarry
d
Miscellaneous Water
0
Perennial Water
�4;7
Rock Outcrop
Saline Spot
' a
Sandy Spot
.Ly
Severely Eroded Spot
Rails
Sinkhole
res
Slide or Slip
Source of Map Natural Resources Conservation Service
Sodic Spot
Custom Soil Resource Report
MAP INFORMATION
10
This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
of the version date(s) listed below
Soil Survey Area Cumberland County, North Carolina
Survey Area Data Version 17, Sep 19, 2016
Sod map units are labeled (as space allows) for map scales
1 50,000 or larger.
Date(s) aerial images were photographed Jul 20, 2010—Mar
17, 2011
The orthophoto or other base map on which the sod lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps As a result, some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
Spoil Area
The sod surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
1 24,000.
Stony Spot
Very Stony Spot
Warning Soil Map may not be valid at this scale
Wet Spot
Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
Other
misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
,-
Special Line Features
line placement The maps do not show the small areas of
contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
Water Features
scale
Streams and Canals
Transportation
Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
.gig
Rails
measurements
res
Interstate Highways
Source of Map Natural Resources Conservation Service
US Routes
Web Sod Survey URL
Coordinate System Web Mercator (EPSG 3857)
Major Roads
-_
Local Roads
Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
projection, which preserves direction and shape but distorts
Background
distance and area A projection that preserves area, such as the
®
Aerial Photography
Albers equal-area conic projection, should be used if more
accurate calculations of distance or area are required
10
This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
of the version date(s) listed below
Soil Survey Area Cumberland County, North Carolina
Survey Area Data Version 17, Sep 19, 2016
Sod map units are labeled (as space allows) for map scales
1 50,000 or larger.
Date(s) aerial images were photographed Jul 20, 2010—Mar
17, 2011
The orthophoto or other base map on which the sod lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps As a result, some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.

Custom Soil Resource Report
Map Unit Legend
Cumberland County, North Carolina (NC051)
Map Unit Symbol
Map Unit Name
Acres in AOI
Percent of AOI
Co
Coxville loam
23
3 3%
ExA
Exum loam, 0 to 2 percent
slopes
58.8
840%
Gr
Grantham loam
1.9
27%
NoB
Norfolk loamy sand, 2 to 6
percent slopes
70
100%
Totals for Area of Interest
70.0
100.0%
Map Unit Descriptions
The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in a soil survey represent the
soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions, along
with the maps, can be used to determine the composition and properties of a unit.
A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or more
major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas A map unit is identified and named
according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic
class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils On the
landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the
characteristic variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some
observed properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class
Areas of soils of a single taxonomic class rarely, If ever, can be mapped without
Including areas of other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every map unit is made
up of the soils or miscellaneous areas for which It is named and some minor
components that belong to taxonomic classes other than those of the major soils.
Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils In the
map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management These are called
noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a
particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties
and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different
management These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They
generally are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the
scale used. Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas
are identified by a special symbol on the maps If included in the database for a
given area, the contrasting minor components are identified in the map unit
descriptions along with some characteristics of each. A few areas of minor
components may not have been observed, and consequently they are not
mentioned in the descriptions, especially where the pattern was so complex that It
was impractical to make enough observations to Identify all the soils and
miscellaneous areas on the landscape.
The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the
usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping Is not to delineate
11

Custom Soil Resource Report
pure taxonomic classes but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or
landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. The
delineation of such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the
development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however,
onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous
areas
An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions.
Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil
properties and qualities
Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for
differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have mayor
horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement
Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness,
salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use On the
basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases Most of the areas
shown on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase
commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha
silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series.
Some map units are made up of two or more mayor soils or miscellaneous areas
These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups.
A complex consists of two or more sods or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate
pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps
The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar
in all areas Alpha -Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example
An association is made up of two or more geographically associated sods or
miscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present
or anticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered
practical or necessary to map the soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The
pattern and relative proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat
similar Alpha -Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example
An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas
that could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar
interpretations can be made for use and management The pattern and proportion
of the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can
be made up of only one of the mayor soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made
up of all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.
Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil
material and support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example
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Custom Soil Resource Report
Cumberland County, North Carolina
Co—Coxville loam
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol. w6zn
Elevation. 80 to 330 feet
Mean annual precipitation- 38 to 55 inches
Mean annual airtemperature. 59 to 70 degrees F
Frost -free period: 210 to 265 days
Farmland classification- Farmland of statewide importance
Map Unit Composition
Coxville, drained, and similar soils 85 percent
Coxville, undrained, and similar soils 10 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Coxville, Drained
Setting
Landform Carolina bays, depressions
Landform position (two-dimensional)- Summit
Down-slope shape Concave
Across -slope shape Concave
Parent material Clayey marine deposits
Typical profile
Ap - 0 to 9 inches loam
Eg - 9 to 11 inches loam
Btg - 11 to 72 inches sandy clay
Cg - 72 to 80 inches, sandy clay loam
Properties and qualities
Slope 0 to 2 percent
Depth to restrictive feature More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Poorly drained
Runoff class. Low
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high (0.20
to 0 57 in/hr)
Depth to water table, About 0 to 12 inches
Frequency of flooding None
Frequency of ponding- None
Available water storage In profile- Moderate (about 7 6 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated). None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated). 3w
Hydrologic Soil Group, CID
Hydnc soil rating- Yes
Description of Coxville, Undrained
Setting
Landform Carolina bays, depressions
Landform position (two-dimensional)- Summit
Down-slope shape Concave
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Custom Soil Resource Report
Across -slope shape. Concave
Parent matenal. Clayey marine deposits
Typical profile
A - 0 to 9 inches loam
Eg - 9 to 11 inches- loam
Big - 11 to 72 inches. sandy clay
Cg - 72 to 80 inches: sandy clay loam
Properties and qualities
Slope 0 to 2 percent
Depth to restrictive feature. More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class. Poorly drained
Runoff class: Low
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat). Moderately high (0 20
to 0 57 in/hr)
Depth to water table About Oto 12 inches
Frequency of flooding None
Frequency of ponding None
Available water storage in profile Moderate (about 7.6 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated). None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated) 4w
Hydrologic Soil Group - C/D
Hydnc soil rating. Yes
ExA—Exum loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol w705
Elevation. 80 to 330 feet
Mean annual precipitation. 38 to 55 inches
Mean annual air temperature. 59 to 70 degrees F
Frost -free period 210 to 265 days
Farmland classification All areas are prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Exum and similar sods 80 percent
Minor components 5 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapun►t.
Description of Exum
Setting
Landform. Flats on marine terraces, broad interstream divides on marine terraces
Down-slope shape. Concave
Across -slope shape- Linear
Parent material, Loamy and silty marine deposits
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Custom Soil Resource Report
Typical profile
Ap - 0 to 8 inches silt loam
E - 8 to 12 inches silt loam
Bt - 12 to 70 inches, clay loam
C - 70 to 100 inches: loam
Properties and qualities
Slope- 0 to 2 percent
Depth to restrictive feature• More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class- Moderately well drained
Runoff class. Low
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat). Moderately high (0 20
to 0.57 in/hr)
Depth to water table- About 24 to 36 inches
Frequency of flooding None
Frequency ofponding- None
Available water storage in profile High (about 10.8 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capabilityclassification (irrigated)- None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated) - 2w
Hydrologic Soil Group. C
Hydric soil rating. No
Minor Components
Grantham, undrained
Percent of map unit 5 percent
Landform Broad interstream divides on depressions, broad interstream divides
on flats
Down-slope shape Concave
Across -slope shape Concave, linear
Hydric soil rating. Yes
Gr—Grantham loam
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol w70p
Elevation 80 to 330 feet
Mean annual precipitation 38 to 55 inches
Mean annual air temperature. 59 to 70 degrees F
Frost -free penod. 210 to 265 days
Farmland classification. Prime farmland if drained
Map Unit Composition
Grantham, drained, and similar sods 80 percent
Grantham, undrained, and similar soils 10 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit
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Custom Soil Resource Report
Description of Grantham, Drained
Setting
Landform- Broad interstream divides on depressions, broad interstream divides
on flats
Down-slope shape: Concave
Across -slope shape Concave, linear
Parent material- Loamy and silty marine deposits
Typical profile
A - 0 to 6 Inches- loam
Eg - 6 to 11 inches, loam
Btg - 11 to 77 inches- loam
Cg - 77 to 110 inches loam
Properties and qualities
Slope. 0 to 2 percent
Depth to restrictive feature. More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class- Poorly drained
Runoff class. Low
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat). Moderately high (0.20
to 0.57 in/hr)
Depth to water table- About 0 to 12 inches
Frequency of flooding- None
Frequency of ponding, None
Available waterstorage in profile. High (about 10.7 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated). None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated) - 3w
Hydrologic Soil Group C/D
Hydnc soil rating Yes
Description of Grantham, Undrained
Setting
Landform Broad interstream divides on depressions, broad interstream divides
on flats
Down-slope shape Concave
Across -slope shape Concave, linear
Parent material- Loamy and silty marine deposits
Typical profile
A - 0 to 6 inches loam
Eg - 6 to 11 inches loam
Btg - 11 to 77 inches. loam
Cg - 77 to 110 inches loam
Properties and qualities
Slope 0 to 2 percent
Depth to restrictive feature- More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class Poorly drained
Runoff class- Low
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat). Moderately high (0.20
to 0 57 in/hr)
Depth to water table: About 0 to 12 inches
Frequency of flooding None
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Custom Soil Resource Report
Frequency of ponding, None
Available water storage in profile High (about 10.7 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated). None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated) * 6w
Hydrologic Sod Group. C/D
Hydric soil rating: Yes
NoB—Norfolk loamy sand, 2 to 6 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol. 2v75y
Elevation. 30 to 450 feet
Mean annual precipitation. 38 to 55 inches
Mean annual air temperature- 59 to 70 degrees F
Frost -free period 200 to 280 days
Farmland classification- All areas are prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Norfolk and similar soils 83 percent
Minor components 17 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit
Description of Norfolk
Setting
Landform: Flats on marine terraces, broad interstream divides on marine terraces
Landform position (three-dimensional) - Talf
Down-slope shape: Convex, linear
Across -slope shape- Convex, linear
Parent material- Loamy marine deposits
Typical profile
Ap - 0 to 8 inches- loamy sand
E - 8 to 14 inches loamy sand
Bt - 14 to 65 inches: sandy clay loam
BC - 65 to 80 inches sandy clay loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 2 to 6 percent
Depth to restrictive feature More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class. Well drained
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to
high (0.57 to 1 98 in/hr)
Depth to water table- About 40 to 72 inches
Frequency of flooding. None
Frequency of ponding, None
Available waterstorage in profile- Moderate (about 6.9 inches)
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Custom Soil Resource Report
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated). None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated). 2e
Hydrologic Soil Group • A
Hydric soil rating. No
Minor Components
Wag ram
Percent of map unit 10 percent
Landform Ridges on marine terraces, broad interstream divides on marine
terraces
Landform position (two-dimensional), Summit, shoulder
Landform position (three-dimensional)- Riser, rise
Down-slope shape Linear, convex
Across -slope shape Convex
Hydric soil rating, No
Goldsboro
Percent of map unit. 7 percent
Landform Flats on marine terraces, broad interstream divides on marine terraces
Landform position (three-dimensional) Talf
Down-slope shape, Linear
Across -slope shape: Linear
Hydnc soil rating* No
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References
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO).
2004. Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling
and testing. 24th edition
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2005 Standard classification of
soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D2487-00
Cowardin, L M., V Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T LaRoe. 1979. Classification of
wetlands and deep -water habitats of the United States U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service FWS/OBS-79/31.
Federal Register July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States.
Federal Register September 18, 2002. Hydric soils of the United States
Hurt, G W., and L.M. Vasilas, editors. Version 6.0, 2006. Field indicators of hydric
soils in the United States.
National Research Council 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and boundaries
Sod Survey Division Staff 1993 Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service
U S Department of Agriculture Handbook 18. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/
nres/detail/national/soils/?cid=nres142p2_054262
Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy. A basic system of soil classification for
making and interpreting sod surveys 2nd edition Natural Resources Conservation
Service, U.S Department of Agriculture Handbook 436. http-H
www. n res. usda.gov/wps/portal/n res/detail/nation al/soils/?cid=n res l 42p2_053577
Soil Survey Staff 2010 Keys to soil taxonomy. 11th edition. U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. http H
www. nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/national/soils/?cid=nresl42p2_053580
Tiner, R W., Jr 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S Fish and Wildlife Service and
Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands
Section.
United States Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of
Engineers wetlands delineation manual. Waterways Experiment Station Technical
Report Y-87-1.
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National forestry manual. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/soils/
home/?cid=nres142p2_053374
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National range and pasture handbook. http.//www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/
detail/national/landuse/rangepasture/?cid=stelprdb1043084
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Custom Soil Resource Report
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service
National soil survey handbook, title 430 -VI. http.//www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/
nres/detail/soils/scientists/?cid=nres 142p2_054242
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
2006 Land resource regions and major land resource areas of the United States,
the Caribbean, and the Pacific Basin. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook
296. http://www.nres.usda.gov/wps/portal/nres/detail/national/soils/?
cid=n res142p2_053624
United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1961. Land
capability classification. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 210. http H
www.nrcs.usda.gov/lnternet/FSE—DOCUMENTS/nrcsl42p2_052290.pdf
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